The nature and topology of time remain an open question in philosophy. Both tensed and tenseless ... more The nature and topology of time remain an open question in philosophy. Both tensed and tenseless concepts of time appear to have merit. Quantum mechanics demonstrates that both are instantiated, as complementary aspects of the time evolution of physical systems. The linear dynamics is tenseless. It defines the universe probabilistically throughout spacetime, and can be seen as the definition of an unchanging block universe. All properties of the universe are defined for the whole extent of the linear time dimension of spacetime. The collapse dynamics is the change to the linear dynamics: time evolution of the physical system in the quantum concept of time. This is tensed: different definitions of the probabilistic definition of the spacetime universe exist from moment to moment in the quantum concept of time. Thus the linear time dimension of spacetime is tenseless, while time in the quantum concept of time is tensed. Exercise of the linear dynamics is experienced as the passage of time, while the exercise of the collapse dynamics is experienced as change.
Objectively, time does not pass, physics reveals no such phenomenon. While subjectively we find o... more Objectively, time does not pass, physics reveals no such phenomenon. While subjectively we find ourselves at a specific point in time, 'now', and we appear to pass from moment to moment, physics can accommodate neither of these concepts, thus there is no explanation of subjective transtemporal reality, or how an observation could possibly be made. A solution to the puzzle is proposed based on an analysis of the logical type of the system required to explain such subjective experience.
As shown in Part 1, the physical reality encountered and on which quantum physics experiments are... more As shown in Part 1, the physical reality encountered and on which quantum physics experiments are performed is the superposition of a whole class of decoherent quasi-classical worlds, a second-logical-type phenomenon, hence the paradoxical results. This is the physical reality of the protagonist defined by Everett (1957): the record of observations, Tegmark's (1998) 'inside view'. The collapse dynamics impossible in the quasi-classical world occurs naturally in this world superposition. Everett's formulation has a complete ontology.
Abstract: The nature and topology of time remain an open question in philosophy. Both tensed and... more Abstract: The nature and topology of time remain an open question in philosophy. Both tensed and tenseless concepts of time appear to have merit. Quantum mechanics demonstrates that both are instantiated, as complementary aspects of the time evolution of physical systems. The linear dynamics is tenseless. It defines the universe probabilistically throughout spacetime, and can be seen as the definition of an unchanging block universe. All properties of the universe are defined for the whole extent of the linear time dimension of spacetime. The collapse dynamics is the change to the linear dynamics: time evolution of the physical system in the quantum concept of time. This is tensed: different definitions of the probabilistic definition of the spacetime universe exist from moment to moment in the quantum concept of time. Thus the linear time dimension of spacetime is tenseless, while time in the quantum concept of time is tensed. Exercise of the linear dynam...
Everett's formulation inherently defines idiosyncratic effective physical environmen... more Everett's formulation inherently defines idiosyncratic effective physical environments for each version of the functional identity of the observer, defined solely by observations, in the manner of Rovelli's Relational Quantum Mechanics. This accounts for determinate measurement records, and completes his resolution of the measurement problem. The remaining task is to make everyday sense of Everett's concept. He defines the functional identity as the record of sensory observations and machine configuration, which seems merely an epiphenomenon of the bodymind of the observer. This functional identity is intensely familiar to each observer. It is simply the subjective reality, the known world, here the 'world hologram'. In Everett's formulation, the cut in the von Neumann chain is implicitly made at the level of conscious sensory awareness. Thus, not only is the effective physical environment def...
Abstract: Mitra demonstrates that specific memory erasure causes the observer to be in a differen... more Abstract: Mitra demonstrates that specific memory erasure causes the observer to be in a different sector of the multiverse, one with a different destiny: events in the future, remote to any possible influence of the observer, having radically different probabilities. The concept only applies to an observer defined by a structure of information, so cannot apply to a human observer as usually defined, as the physical body. However, Everett defines the functional identity of the observer as the contents of the memory, a structure of information. Only such an identity encounters the appearance of collapse. Thus, any observer encountering change of this nature is necessarily of this type, and in principle Mitra's effect would apply. Alteration to the quantum state of the physical environment effective for the observer merely by deletion of a record of observation would seem to require that the universe is primarily an information system, and that physical reality is secondary to th...
Mitra demonstrates that specific memory erasure causes the observer to be in a different sector o... more Mitra demonstrates that specific memory erasure causes the observer to be in a different sector of the multiverse, one with a different destiny: events in the future, remote to any possible influence of the observer, having radically different probabilities. The concept only applies to an observer defined by a structure of information, so cannot apply to a human observer as usually defined, as the physical body. However, Everett defines the functional identity of the observer as the contents of the memory, a structure of information. Only such an identity encounters the appearance of collapse. Thus, any observer encountering change of this nature is necessarily of this type, and in principle Mitra's effect would apply. Alteration to the quantum state of the physical environment effective for the observer merely by deletion of a record of observation would seem to require that the universe is primarily an information system, and that physical reality is secondary to the informati...
Objectively, time does not pass, physics reveals no such phenomenon. While subjectively we find o... more Objectively, time does not pass, physics reveals no such phenomenon. While subjectively we find ourselves at a specific point in time, 'now', and we appear to pass from moment to moment, physics can accommodate neither of these concepts, thus there is no explanation of subjective transtemporal reality, or how an observation could possibly be made. A solution to the puzzle is proposed based on an analysis of the logical type of the system required to explain such subjective experience.
The nature and topology of time remains an open question in philosophy, both tensed and tenseless... more The nature and topology of time remains an open question in philosophy, both tensed and tenseless concepts of time appear to have merit. A concept of time including both kinds of time evolution of physical systems in quantum mechanics subsumes the properties of both notions. The linear dynamics defines the universe probabilistically throughout spacetime, and can be seen as the definition of a block universe. The collapse dynamics is the time evolution of the linear dynamics, and is thus of different logical type to the linear dynamics. These two different kinds of time evolution are respectively tensed and tenseless. Ascribing tensed semantics to the collapse dynamics is problematic in the light of special relativity, but this difficulty does not apply to a relational quantum mechanics. In this context, while the linear dynamics is the time evolution of the universe objectively, the collapse dynamics is the time evolution of the universe subjectively, applying solely in the functional frame of reference of the observer.
Despite the simplicity of Weyl's solution to the paradox of the passage of time in the static blo... more Despite the simplicity of Weyl's solution to the paradox of the passage of time in the static block universe, virtually no interest is shown in this approach although as shown in Part 2, the problem of the Now could be taken as evidence for his solution being correct. A moving frame of reference is required to explain the experience of the enactment of any of the dynamics of physics, and the experiencing consciousness supervenes on this phenomenon. Given the logic involved is straightforward, it seems that the reasons all this has been ignored may be less so. Here it is suggested, based on Davies' (2006) research, that this might well involve a horror of even the possibility of deity and mysticism being dignified by discussion, let alone endorsement. The objective here is to demonstrate that this approach does validate certain archetypal myths of the great spiritual traditions, but at the same time fully supports and reinforces the objective basis of the science of physics. The myths are exploded to reveal simply scientific principles, and a complete absence of gods or mystical phenomena, indeed such things are categorically ruled out. The scientific principles illustrated by the third logical type which have languished unexamined turn out to be powerful knowledge which serves only to reinforce and emphasise how deeply flawed were the key principles of the religious preoccupations which our culture had to relinquish in order to move forward.
In Part 1 the properties of QBism are shown to be natural consequences of taking quantum mechanic... more In Part 1 the properties of QBism are shown to be natural consequences of taking quantum mechanics at face value, as does Everett in his Relative State Formulation (1957). In Part 2 supporting evidence is presented. Parmenides' (Palmer, 2012) notion that the physical world is static and unchanging is vividly confirmed in the new physics. This means the time evolution of the physical world perceived by observers only occurs at the level of appearances as noted by Davies (2002). In order to generate this appearance of time evolution, a moving frame of reference is required: this is the only possible explanation of the enactment of the dynamics of physics in a static universe. Such a frame of reference can only be a fundamental property of the unitary system as a whole, of different logical type to the quantum state. Thus an ontological category in addition to physical existence is required to complete the science. At this level of logical type, all multiply instantiated copies of an inside view constitute a single entity. Thus the superposition proposed in Part 1 is inevitably effected; and the nature of physical reality on the inside view is as described in QBism.
QBism explicitly takes the subjective view: probabilities of events are defined solely by past ex... more QBism explicitly takes the subjective view: probabilities of events are defined solely by past experiences, i.e. the record of observations. As shown by the authors (Fuchs et al, 2013), this: “... removes the paradoxes, conundra, and pseudo-problems that have plagued quantum foundations for the past nine decades”. It is criticised for its lack of ontology and anthropocentric nature. However, if Everett's (1957) formulation is taken at face value, exactly the features of QBism are the result, and the ontology is inherent. The anthropocentric nature of the solution is simply an indication that the quantum state is relative, as is central to Everett. Problems of measurement and locality do not arise. As described by Tegmark (1997), Everett defines the relationship between two fundamentally different views of the world, different types of frame of reference. The outside view is defined by the unitary wave function, the inside view by the record of observations. As Lockwood (1989) states, the preferred basis problem is fully resolved if the latter is taken as the basis. Taken literally, only that defined by the record of observations is determinate in the physical world of this inside view. The reality of QBism is the result. The same can be derived from first principles in the no-collapse universe. Taking the outside view to define all possible decoherent quasi-classical worlds, the physical world of the inside view is the superposition of all such worlds in which it is instantiated. In this quantum mechanical frame of reference only that observed is determinate. The quantum state as ontology is questioned because it defines only the linear dynamics and cannot account for collapse. No deeper reality is required, however: the inside view, and the collapse dynamics that operates in this type of frame of reference, are emergent properties of the system, and operate at a different level of logical type. The world operates as described by QBism, but is nonetheless defined by the quantum state.
Barbour shows that time does not exist in the physical world, and similar conclusions are reached... more Barbour shows that time does not exist in the physical world, and similar conclusions are reached by others such as Deutsch, Davies and Woodward. Every possible configuration of a physical environment simply exists in the universe. The system is objectively static. Observation, however, is an inherently transtemporal phenomenon, involving actual or effective change of the configuration, collapse. Since, in a static environment, all possible configurations exist, transtemporal reality is of the logical type of a movie. The frame of a movie film is of one logical type, an element of a set of frames, the movie, itself of a second logical type. In a static nocollapse universe, the configurations are of the first logical type, transtemporal reality of the second. To run, the movie requires iteration, a third logical type. Phenomenal consciousness is subjectively experienced as of this third logical type with regard to physical configurations.
A perspective on Everett's relative state formulation is proposed, leading to a simple relational... more A perspective on Everett's relative state formulation is proposed, leading to a simple relational quantum mechanics.
A perspective on Everett's relative state formulation is proposed leading to a relational quantum... more A perspective on Everett's relative state formulation is proposed leading to a relational quantum mechanics. There are inevitably a large number of different versions of the universe in which a specific observer could exist, and in the universe of the unitary wave function they are all existing and coincident. If these different versions of the universe are superposed the result is a universe in which the superposition of all of the identical copies sums to a single observer. The effective universe in the functional frame of reference of this observer would be highly indeterminate but determinate where observed by this observer. This would naturally relativise the universe of the conventional view since each observer would inhabit an effective universe in which different aspects were determinate. Although the identity of the observer as a physical body does not readily fit this concept, it appears to apply inevitably to the functional identity of an observer as depicted by Everett. In this relational quantum mechanics a collapse dynamics applies only to the functional frame of reference of the observer and raises no incompatibility with the linear dynamics.
Everett demonstrates the appearance of collapse, within the context of the unitary linear dynamic... more Everett demonstrates the appearance of collapse, within the context of the unitary linear dynamics. However, he does not state clearly how observers are to have determinate measurement records, hence 50 years of debate. This, however, is inherent. He defines ...
The nature and topology of time remain an open question in philosophy. Both tensed and tenseless ... more The nature and topology of time remain an open question in philosophy. Both tensed and tenseless concepts of time appear to have merit. Quantum mechanics demonstrates that both are instantiated, as complementary aspects of the time evolution of physical systems. The linear dynamics is tenseless. It defines the universe probabilistically throughout spacetime, and can be seen as the definition of an unchanging block universe. All properties of the universe are defined for the whole extent of the linear time dimension of spacetime. The collapse dynamics is the change to the linear dynamics: time evolution of the physical system in the quantum concept of time. This is tensed: different definitions of the probabilistic definition of the spacetime universe exist from moment to moment in the quantum concept of time. Thus the linear time dimension of spacetime is tenseless, while time in the quantum concept of time is tensed. Exercise of the linear dynamics is experienced as the passage of time, while the exercise of the collapse dynamics is experienced as change.
Objectively, time does not pass, physics reveals no such phenomenon. While subjectively we find o... more Objectively, time does not pass, physics reveals no such phenomenon. While subjectively we find ourselves at a specific point in time, 'now', and we appear to pass from moment to moment, physics can accommodate neither of these concepts, thus there is no explanation of subjective transtemporal reality, or how an observation could possibly be made. A solution to the puzzle is proposed based on an analysis of the logical type of the system required to explain such subjective experience.
As shown in Part 1, the physical reality encountered and on which quantum physics experiments are... more As shown in Part 1, the physical reality encountered and on which quantum physics experiments are performed is the superposition of a whole class of decoherent quasi-classical worlds, a second-logical-type phenomenon, hence the paradoxical results. This is the physical reality of the protagonist defined by Everett (1957): the record of observations, Tegmark's (1998) 'inside view'. The collapse dynamics impossible in the quasi-classical world occurs naturally in this world superposition. Everett's formulation has a complete ontology.
Abstract: The nature and topology of time remain an open question in philosophy. Both tensed and... more Abstract: The nature and topology of time remain an open question in philosophy. Both tensed and tenseless concepts of time appear to have merit. Quantum mechanics demonstrates that both are instantiated, as complementary aspects of the time evolution of physical systems. The linear dynamics is tenseless. It defines the universe probabilistically throughout spacetime, and can be seen as the definition of an unchanging block universe. All properties of the universe are defined for the whole extent of the linear time dimension of spacetime. The collapse dynamics is the change to the linear dynamics: time evolution of the physical system in the quantum concept of time. This is tensed: different definitions of the probabilistic definition of the spacetime universe exist from moment to moment in the quantum concept of time. Thus the linear time dimension of spacetime is tenseless, while time in the quantum concept of time is tensed. Exercise of the linear dynam...
Everett's formulation inherently defines idiosyncratic effective physical environmen... more Everett's formulation inherently defines idiosyncratic effective physical environments for each version of the functional identity of the observer, defined solely by observations, in the manner of Rovelli's Relational Quantum Mechanics. This accounts for determinate measurement records, and completes his resolution of the measurement problem. The remaining task is to make everyday sense of Everett's concept. He defines the functional identity as the record of sensory observations and machine configuration, which seems merely an epiphenomenon of the bodymind of the observer. This functional identity is intensely familiar to each observer. It is simply the subjective reality, the known world, here the 'world hologram'. In Everett's formulation, the cut in the von Neumann chain is implicitly made at the level of conscious sensory awareness. Thus, not only is the effective physical environment def...
Abstract: Mitra demonstrates that specific memory erasure causes the observer to be in a differen... more Abstract: Mitra demonstrates that specific memory erasure causes the observer to be in a different sector of the multiverse, one with a different destiny: events in the future, remote to any possible influence of the observer, having radically different probabilities. The concept only applies to an observer defined by a structure of information, so cannot apply to a human observer as usually defined, as the physical body. However, Everett defines the functional identity of the observer as the contents of the memory, a structure of information. Only such an identity encounters the appearance of collapse. Thus, any observer encountering change of this nature is necessarily of this type, and in principle Mitra's effect would apply. Alteration to the quantum state of the physical environment effective for the observer merely by deletion of a record of observation would seem to require that the universe is primarily an information system, and that physical reality is secondary to th...
Mitra demonstrates that specific memory erasure causes the observer to be in a different sector o... more Mitra demonstrates that specific memory erasure causes the observer to be in a different sector of the multiverse, one with a different destiny: events in the future, remote to any possible influence of the observer, having radically different probabilities. The concept only applies to an observer defined by a structure of information, so cannot apply to a human observer as usually defined, as the physical body. However, Everett defines the functional identity of the observer as the contents of the memory, a structure of information. Only such an identity encounters the appearance of collapse. Thus, any observer encountering change of this nature is necessarily of this type, and in principle Mitra's effect would apply. Alteration to the quantum state of the physical environment effective for the observer merely by deletion of a record of observation would seem to require that the universe is primarily an information system, and that physical reality is secondary to the informati...
Objectively, time does not pass, physics reveals no such phenomenon. While subjectively we find o... more Objectively, time does not pass, physics reveals no such phenomenon. While subjectively we find ourselves at a specific point in time, 'now', and we appear to pass from moment to moment, physics can accommodate neither of these concepts, thus there is no explanation of subjective transtemporal reality, or how an observation could possibly be made. A solution to the puzzle is proposed based on an analysis of the logical type of the system required to explain such subjective experience.
The nature and topology of time remains an open question in philosophy, both tensed and tenseless... more The nature and topology of time remains an open question in philosophy, both tensed and tenseless concepts of time appear to have merit. A concept of time including both kinds of time evolution of physical systems in quantum mechanics subsumes the properties of both notions. The linear dynamics defines the universe probabilistically throughout spacetime, and can be seen as the definition of a block universe. The collapse dynamics is the time evolution of the linear dynamics, and is thus of different logical type to the linear dynamics. These two different kinds of time evolution are respectively tensed and tenseless. Ascribing tensed semantics to the collapse dynamics is problematic in the light of special relativity, but this difficulty does not apply to a relational quantum mechanics. In this context, while the linear dynamics is the time evolution of the universe objectively, the collapse dynamics is the time evolution of the universe subjectively, applying solely in the functional frame of reference of the observer.
Despite the simplicity of Weyl's solution to the paradox of the passage of time in the static blo... more Despite the simplicity of Weyl's solution to the paradox of the passage of time in the static block universe, virtually no interest is shown in this approach although as shown in Part 2, the problem of the Now could be taken as evidence for his solution being correct. A moving frame of reference is required to explain the experience of the enactment of any of the dynamics of physics, and the experiencing consciousness supervenes on this phenomenon. Given the logic involved is straightforward, it seems that the reasons all this has been ignored may be less so. Here it is suggested, based on Davies' (2006) research, that this might well involve a horror of even the possibility of deity and mysticism being dignified by discussion, let alone endorsement. The objective here is to demonstrate that this approach does validate certain archetypal myths of the great spiritual traditions, but at the same time fully supports and reinforces the objective basis of the science of physics. The myths are exploded to reveal simply scientific principles, and a complete absence of gods or mystical phenomena, indeed such things are categorically ruled out. The scientific principles illustrated by the third logical type which have languished unexamined turn out to be powerful knowledge which serves only to reinforce and emphasise how deeply flawed were the key principles of the religious preoccupations which our culture had to relinquish in order to move forward.
In Part 1 the properties of QBism are shown to be natural consequences of taking quantum mechanic... more In Part 1 the properties of QBism are shown to be natural consequences of taking quantum mechanics at face value, as does Everett in his Relative State Formulation (1957). In Part 2 supporting evidence is presented. Parmenides' (Palmer, 2012) notion that the physical world is static and unchanging is vividly confirmed in the new physics. This means the time evolution of the physical world perceived by observers only occurs at the level of appearances as noted by Davies (2002). In order to generate this appearance of time evolution, a moving frame of reference is required: this is the only possible explanation of the enactment of the dynamics of physics in a static universe. Such a frame of reference can only be a fundamental property of the unitary system as a whole, of different logical type to the quantum state. Thus an ontological category in addition to physical existence is required to complete the science. At this level of logical type, all multiply instantiated copies of an inside view constitute a single entity. Thus the superposition proposed in Part 1 is inevitably effected; and the nature of physical reality on the inside view is as described in QBism.
QBism explicitly takes the subjective view: probabilities of events are defined solely by past ex... more QBism explicitly takes the subjective view: probabilities of events are defined solely by past experiences, i.e. the record of observations. As shown by the authors (Fuchs et al, 2013), this: “... removes the paradoxes, conundra, and pseudo-problems that have plagued quantum foundations for the past nine decades”. It is criticised for its lack of ontology and anthropocentric nature. However, if Everett's (1957) formulation is taken at face value, exactly the features of QBism are the result, and the ontology is inherent. The anthropocentric nature of the solution is simply an indication that the quantum state is relative, as is central to Everett. Problems of measurement and locality do not arise. As described by Tegmark (1997), Everett defines the relationship between two fundamentally different views of the world, different types of frame of reference. The outside view is defined by the unitary wave function, the inside view by the record of observations. As Lockwood (1989) states, the preferred basis problem is fully resolved if the latter is taken as the basis. Taken literally, only that defined by the record of observations is determinate in the physical world of this inside view. The reality of QBism is the result. The same can be derived from first principles in the no-collapse universe. Taking the outside view to define all possible decoherent quasi-classical worlds, the physical world of the inside view is the superposition of all such worlds in which it is instantiated. In this quantum mechanical frame of reference only that observed is determinate. The quantum state as ontology is questioned because it defines only the linear dynamics and cannot account for collapse. No deeper reality is required, however: the inside view, and the collapse dynamics that operates in this type of frame of reference, are emergent properties of the system, and operate at a different level of logical type. The world operates as described by QBism, but is nonetheless defined by the quantum state.
Barbour shows that time does not exist in the physical world, and similar conclusions are reached... more Barbour shows that time does not exist in the physical world, and similar conclusions are reached by others such as Deutsch, Davies and Woodward. Every possible configuration of a physical environment simply exists in the universe. The system is objectively static. Observation, however, is an inherently transtemporal phenomenon, involving actual or effective change of the configuration, collapse. Since, in a static environment, all possible configurations exist, transtemporal reality is of the logical type of a movie. The frame of a movie film is of one logical type, an element of a set of frames, the movie, itself of a second logical type. In a static nocollapse universe, the configurations are of the first logical type, transtemporal reality of the second. To run, the movie requires iteration, a third logical type. Phenomenal consciousness is subjectively experienced as of this third logical type with regard to physical configurations.
A perspective on Everett's relative state formulation is proposed, leading to a simple relational... more A perspective on Everett's relative state formulation is proposed, leading to a simple relational quantum mechanics.
A perspective on Everett's relative state formulation is proposed leading to a relational quantum... more A perspective on Everett's relative state formulation is proposed leading to a relational quantum mechanics. There are inevitably a large number of different versions of the universe in which a specific observer could exist, and in the universe of the unitary wave function they are all existing and coincident. If these different versions of the universe are superposed the result is a universe in which the superposition of all of the identical copies sums to a single observer. The effective universe in the functional frame of reference of this observer would be highly indeterminate but determinate where observed by this observer. This would naturally relativise the universe of the conventional view since each observer would inhabit an effective universe in which different aspects were determinate. Although the identity of the observer as a physical body does not readily fit this concept, it appears to apply inevitably to the functional identity of an observer as depicted by Everett. In this relational quantum mechanics a collapse dynamics applies only to the functional frame of reference of the observer and raises no incompatibility with the linear dynamics.
Everett demonstrates the appearance of collapse, within the context of the unitary linear dynamic... more Everett demonstrates the appearance of collapse, within the context of the unitary linear dynamics. However, he does not state clearly how observers are to have determinate measurement records, hence 50 years of debate. This, however, is inherent. He defines ...
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Such a frame of reference can only be a fundamental property of the unitary system as a whole, of different logical type to the quantum state. Thus an ontological category in addition to physical existence is required to complete the science. At this level of logical type, all multiply instantiated copies of an inside view constitute a single entity. Thus the superposition proposed in Part 1 is inevitably effected; and the nature of physical reality on the inside view is as described in QBism.
As described by Tegmark (1997), Everett defines the relationship between two fundamentally different views of the world, different types of frame of reference. The outside view is defined by the unitary wave function, the inside view by the record of observations. As Lockwood (1989) states, the preferred basis problem is fully resolved if the latter is taken as the basis. Taken literally, only that defined by the record of observations is determinate in the physical world of this inside view. The reality of QBism is the result. The same can be derived from first principles in the no-collapse universe. Taking the outside view to define all possible decoherent quasi-classical worlds, the physical world of the inside view is the superposition of all such worlds in which it is instantiated. In this quantum mechanical frame of reference only that observed is determinate.
The quantum state as ontology is questioned because it defines only the linear dynamics and cannot account for collapse. No deeper reality is required, however: the inside view, and the collapse dynamics that operates in this type of frame of reference, are emergent properties of the system, and operate at a different level of logical type. The world operates as described by QBism, but is nonetheless defined by the quantum state.
Such a frame of reference can only be a fundamental property of the unitary system as a whole, of different logical type to the quantum state. Thus an ontological category in addition to physical existence is required to complete the science. At this level of logical type, all multiply instantiated copies of an inside view constitute a single entity. Thus the superposition proposed in Part 1 is inevitably effected; and the nature of physical reality on the inside view is as described in QBism.
As described by Tegmark (1997), Everett defines the relationship between two fundamentally different views of the world, different types of frame of reference. The outside view is defined by the unitary wave function, the inside view by the record of observations. As Lockwood (1989) states, the preferred basis problem is fully resolved if the latter is taken as the basis. Taken literally, only that defined by the record of observations is determinate in the physical world of this inside view. The reality of QBism is the result. The same can be derived from first principles in the no-collapse universe. Taking the outside view to define all possible decoherent quasi-classical worlds, the physical world of the inside view is the superposition of all such worlds in which it is instantiated. In this quantum mechanical frame of reference only that observed is determinate.
The quantum state as ontology is questioned because it defines only the linear dynamics and cannot account for collapse. No deeper reality is required, however: the inside view, and the collapse dynamics that operates in this type of frame of reference, are emergent properties of the system, and operate at a different level of logical type. The world operates as described by QBism, but is nonetheless defined by the quantum state.