Introduction: Space-based observatories such as TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite [1])... more Introduction: Space-based observatories such as TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite [1]) produce light curves of hundreds of thousands of stars over their mission lifetimes. A tiny fraction of these stars shows periodic dips in brightness, resulting from one or more orbiting planets crossing in front of the stellar surface in our line of sight. While the physics of transiting planets is well-understood, the search for their signatures in light curves is hindered by stellar and spacecraft induced noise. In order to distinguish transit signatures from noise and underlying complex patterns in the data, Deep Learning (DL) is expected to play an important role, especially in future missions such as PLATO [2]. However, while the abundance of data continues to grow, the development of DL-based methods for this task seems to lag behind. In this work, we set up a framework for developing and comparing methods for detecting transits in simulated light curves. Furthermore, research pr...
Induced Massive Star Formation in the Trifid Nebula?
Science, 1998
The Trifid nebula is a young (10(5) years) galactic HII region where several protostellar sources... more The Trifid nebula is a young (10(5) years) galactic HII region where several protostellar sources have been detected with the infrared space observatory. The sources are massive (17 to 60 solar masses) and are associated with molecular gas condensations at the edges or inside the nebula. They appear to be in an early evolutionary stage and may represent the most recent generation of stars in the Trifid. These sources range from dense, apparently still inactive cores to more evolved sources, undergoing violent mass ejection episodes, including a source that powers an optical jet. These observations suggest that the protostellar sources may have evolved by induced star formation in the Trifid nebula.
The on-line tabular material contains a complete description of the DUNES objects, providing abso... more The on-line tabular material contains a complete description of the DUNES objects, providing absolute parameters of the stars, the photometry used to build their spectral energy distributions, the Herchel/PACS fluxes, the photospheric predictions at the PACS wavelengths, the significance of the potential excesses and additional information concerning the stars with extended emission, the offsets of the stellar positions as measured in the optical and in the PACS100 images, the AORs (Astronomical Observation Request number) of the observations and the on-source integration times.
DUNES is an Open Time Key Programme of the Herschel Space Observatory aimed at detecting and stud... more DUNES is an Open Time Key Programme of the Herschel Space Observatory aimed at detecting and studying cold dusty –debris– discs, i.e. Kuiper-belt analogues, around FGK stars of the solar neighbourhood, in a volume-limited sample of 133 stars. The sensitivity and wavelengths of the two instruments used, namely PACS (70, 100, and 160 μm) and SPIRE (250, 350, and 500 μm) are the appropriate ones for these tasks. Debris discs are the result of collisions of planetesimals formed at early stages of the star formation episode, when the star is younger than about 30 Myr, and the discs, so-called protoplanetary, are composed of gas and dust. The whole sample is already observed and the team is currently analysing the data. We outline here some of the main results we have found.
... February 2001 ESA SP-481, 2003, eds. L. Metcalfe, A. Salania, SB Peschke & MFKessler ... more ... February 2001 ESA SP-481, 2003, eds. L. Metcalfe, A. Salania, SB Peschke & MFKessler 108 RF Shipman et al. (12 detectors per block over 22 grating scan steps) instead of 1 2 separate scans. From this block of data a single ...
Context. The ESA PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO) mission will search for ter... more Context. The ESA PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO) mission will search for terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of solar-type stars. Because of telemetry limitations, PLATO targets need to be pre-selected. Aims. In this paper, we present an all sky catalogue that will be fundamental to selecting the best PLATO fields and the most promising target stars, deriving their basic parameters, analysing the instrumental performances, and then planing and optimising follow-up observations. This catalogue also represents a valuable resource for the general definition of stellar samples optimised for the search of transiting planets. Methods. We used Gaia Data Release 2 astrometry and photometry and 3D maps of the local interstellar medium to isolate FGK (V ≤ 13) and M (V ≤ 16) dwarfs and subgiant stars. Results. We present the first public release of the all-sky PLATO input catalogue (asPIC1.1) containing a total of 2 675 539 stars including 2 378 177 FGK dwarfs and su...
The young star β Pictoris is well known for its dusty debris disk produced through collisional gr... more The young star β Pictoris is well known for its dusty debris disk produced through collisional grinding of planetesimals, kilometre-sized bodies in orbit around the star. In addition to dust, small amounts of gas are also known to orbit the star; this gas is likely the result of vaporisation of violently colliding dust grains. The disk is seen edge on and from previous absorption spectroscopy we know that the gas is very rich in carbon relative to other elements. The oxygen content has been more difficult to assess, however, with early estimates finding very little oxygen in the gas at a C/O ratio that is 20× higher than the cosmic value. A C/O ratio that high is difficult to explain and would have far-reaching consequences for planet formation. Here we report on observations by the far-infrared space telescope Herschel, using PACS, of emission lines from ionised carbon and neutral oxygen. The detected emission from C + is consistent with that previously reported observed by the HIFI instrument on Herschel, while the emission from O is hard to explain without assuming a higher density region in the disk, perhaps in the shape of a clump or a dense torus required to sufficiently excite the O atoms.
First Results of ISO-SWS Grating Observations of Jupiter
The spectrum of Jupiter has been recorded on April 12, 1996, between 2.75 and 14.5 mu m, with the... more The spectrum of Jupiter has been recorded on April 12, 1996, between 2.75 and 14.5 mu m, with the grating mode of the Short-Wavelength Spectrometer of ISO (Infrared Space Observatory). The resolving power is 1500 and the sensitivity limit is better than 1 Jy. The corresponding S/N ratio is better than 1000 at 2.75 mu m, 4000 at 5 mu
Determination of D/H Ratio on Jupiter from ISO/SWS Observations
Bulletin of the …, 1996
Observations of Jupiter, performed on March 29, 1996, with the Short-Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS... more Observations of Jupiter, performed on March 29, 1996, with the Short-Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) of the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) in Fabry-Perot mode, have allowed the first detection of the rotational R (2) line of HD at 37.7 mu m (265.3 cm (-1)). ...
Herschel was launched on 14 May 2009, and is now an operational ESA space observatory offering un... more Herschel was launched on 14 May 2009, and is now an operational ESA space observatory offering unprecedented observational capabilities in the far-infrared and submillimetre spectral range 55-671 μm. Herschel carries a 3.5 m diameter passively cooled Cassegrain telescope, which is the largest of its kind and utilises a novel silicon carbide technology. The science payload comprises three instruments: two direct detection cameras/medium resolution spectrometers, PACS and SPIRE, and a very high-resolution heterodyne spectrometer, HIFI, whose focal plane units are housed inside a superfluid helium cryostat. Herschel is an observatory facility operated in partnership among ESA, the instrument consortia, and NASA. The mission lifetime is determined by the cryostat hold time. Nominally approximately 20 000 h will be available for astronomy, 32% is guaranteed time and the remainder is open to the worldwide general astronomical community through a standard competitive proposal procedure.
ISO-SWS spectrophotometry of galactic Wolf-Rayet stars: preliminary results
Astronomy and …, 1996
Iso-sws spectrophotometry of galactic Wolf-Rayet stars: preliminary results* KA van der Hucht... more Iso-sws spectrophotometry of galactic Wolf-Rayet stars: preliminary results* KA van der Hucht' , PW , PM Williams DYA Setia Gunawan DA Beintema DR Boxhoorn Th. de Graauw A. Heras DJ.M. Kester F. Lahuis KJ. Leech PR Roelfsema A. Salama EA Valentijn and B. ...
Spectra taken with the Short Wavelength Spectrometer on board of the Infrared Space Observatory o... more Spectra taken with the Short Wavelength Spectrometer on board of the Infrared Space Observatory of dust shells around evolved oxygen-rich stars reveal the presence of several emission features at wavelengths between 20 and 45 m. These features have a range of widths and strengths, but are all narrow compared to the well-known amorphous silicate bands at 9.7 and 18 m. The emission peaks are tentatively identified with crystalline forms of silicates such as pyroxenes and olivine. The emission features tend to be more prominent for objects with cooler dust shells (T < 300 K). This may be due to an intrinsic change in optical properties of the dust as it cools, or it may be due to an increase in the fraction of crystalline silicates compared to amorphous forms as the mass loss rate increases. The implications for the physics of dust formation in the outflows of cool giants are briefly discussed.
PeterÁbrahám (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Erich Ackermann (MPIA) sensi... more PeterÁbrahám (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Erich Ackermann (MPIA) sensitivity calculations and confusion noise estimates (diploma thesis) Hans-Heinrich Altfeld (MPIA) cryo mechanics development tests (Ph.D. thesis) Steven Beckwith (MPIA) director, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Heinrich Bellemann (MPIA) head of mechanics workshop, cryo mechanics development Jürgen Blum (MPIA) high energy radiation impacts on IR detectors (diploma thesis) Stefan Bogun (MPIA) requirements for ISOPHOT Serendipity mode operations Matthias Botz (MPIA) characterisation of internal calibration sources (diploma thesis) Martin Burgdorf (MPIA) detector tests (diploma thesis), Serendipity mode simulation (Ph.D. thesis) Armin Böhm (MPIA) manufacture of Fine Calibration Sources for ISOPHOT Hans Elsässer (MPIA) managing director of the institute (until 1994) Edgar Fink (MPIA) head of administration, industrial contracts Franz Flock (MPIA) manufacture of mechanical components Ursula Flock (MPIA) personnel administration Peter Franke (MPIA) design of ISOPHOT components Wolfgang Fuhr (MPIA) calibration measurements and time line planning Carlos Gabriel (MPIA) design of pipeline software Ulrich Grözinger (MPIA) electronic engineer, detector testing, electronic components Christian Hajduk (MPIA) definition of ground segment activities Heidi Hajduk (MPIA) optical components design K. Haussecker 2 (MPIA) electronic engineer, detector testing, electronic components Ingolf Heinrichsen (MPIA) commanding and processing software, Astronomical Observation Template (AOT) design Hannelore Heissler (MPIA) project administration Uwe Herbstmeier (MPIA) flight operation procedures, instrument end-to-end testing Hans Hippelein (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Diethelm Johannismann (MPIA) FIR filter design (diploma thesis) Ulrich Kinkel 3 (MPIA) calibration measurements and time line planning Stefan Kirches (MPIA) instrument ground testing vi Ulrich Klaas (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme, ground segment development coordination, PIDT build-up Harald Krüger (MPIA) ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme coordination, documentation (Observer's Manual) Christoph Leinert (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Dietrich Lemke (MPIA) Principal Investigator ISOPHOT Dieter Lutz (MPIA) detector tests (diploma thesis) Peter Lützow-Wentzky (MPIA) management of industrial contracts, PIDT build-up Klaus Meisenheimer (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Thomas Müller (MPIA) asteroids as celestial FIR standards (Ph.D. thesis) Tibor Pacher (MPIA) computer system management, AOT logic testing Guido Pelz (MPIA) preparation of real time operations Gabriele Roth (MPIA) detector curing methods (diploma thesis) Alison Rushworth (MPIA) project secretary, documentation Ulrich Schneider (MPIA) detector curing methods (diploma thesis) Joseph Schubert (MPIA) optical components, instrument ground testing and detector transients (Ph.D. thesis) Bernhard Schulz (MPIA) instrument ground testing (Ph.D. thesis) Jakob Staude (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Clemens Tilgner (MPIA) instrument and system tests Karsten Wilke (MPIA) investigation of signal transients (diploma thesis) Lothar Weitzel (MPIA) detector array tests (diploma thesis) Lorenz Wiest (MPIA) detector tests (diploma thesis) Jürgen Wolf (MPIA) detector design and testing, instrument ground testing coordination Members of Co-I teams Jack Abolins (RAL) Real Time software development coordinator Rolf Chini (MPIfR) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Linda Cornwall (RAL) Quick Look Analysis (QLA) software development Luke Drury (DIAS) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Francisco Garzón (IAC) project manager ISOPHOT-S, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Hans-Peter Gemünd (MPIfR) FIR filter and polariser development Eberhard Grün (MPIK) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Joachim Gürtler (FSJ) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Steve Guest (RAL) Offline Processing Pipeline (OLP) design and development Graham Hall (RAL) Real Time Assessment (RTA) software development Peter Hammersley (IAC) celestial calibration standards, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Thomas Henning (FSJ) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme vii Reinhard Hofacker (MPIK) electronic components development Bob Joseph (ICSTM/IRTF) ISOPHOT-S design, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Carsten Kömpe (FSJ) design of calibration meausurements and calibration time line planning Ernst Kreysa (MPIfR) FIR filter and polariser development Wolfgang Krätschmer (MPIK) NIR/MIR filter and polariser procurement and testing Kalevi Mattila (Helsinki Observatory) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Peter Mezger (MPIfR) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen (DSRI) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Werner Pfau (FSJ) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Emil Popow (AIP) instrument ground testing Ib Rasmussen (DSRI) Electrical Ground Segment Equipment development Tom Ray (DIAS) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Phil Richards (RAL) Offline Processing Pipeline (OLP) design and development Gotthard Richter (AIP) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme José Miguel Rodríguez Espinosa (IAC) ISOPHOT-S ground testing, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Mike Selby 4 (ICSTM/IAC) ISOPHOT-S design, stellar IR standards Detlef Skaley (MPIK) PHT Interactive Analysis (PIA) development Charles Telesco (Univ. Florida) FIR calibration standards, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Wai Min Tai (DIAS) PHT Interactive Analysis (PIA) development Richard Tuffs (MPIK) Astronomical Observation Template (AOT) design, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Peter Vaughan (RAL) project manager Heinrich Völk (MPIK) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Helen Walker (RAL) Astronomical Observation Template (AOT) design, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Martyn Wells (ICSTM/ROE) ISOPHOT-S design, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme, design of calibration measurements Robert Wagner (MPIK) instrument ground testing analysis software development 4 deceased 1993 viii Members of the German Space Agency and the Industrial Teams Günter Albrecht (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; production manager Jürgen Altmann (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; test engineer Manfred Amann (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; analogue electronics Heiko Bäurle (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; assembly Hans Peter Batroff (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; coating Johann Bestler (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; electric system engineering Wolfgang Bollinger (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; project manager Reinhold Bolz (ANTEC) infrared detectors; assembly of P detectors Walter Breitling (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; system engineer Kurt Brenner (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; mechanical design Stefaan Cos (IMEC) cold readout electronics; test engineer Bart Dierickx (IMEC) cold readout electronics; design engineer Peter Dinges (ANTEC) infrared detectors; C200 design, assembly Stefan Dornheim (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; production Albert Ebert (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; mechanical design Rudolf Faymonville (ANTEC) infrared detectors; project manager Reiner Felten (ANTEC) infrared detectors; electronics, software Harald Feuer (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; instrument assembly integration test Vic Fonderie (IMEC) cold readout electronics; QA manager Jürgen Frank (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; project controller Danny Frederickx (IMEC) cold readout electronics Otto Frenzl (ANTEC) infrared detectors; system engineer, QA Wolfgang Fricke (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; project manager Hans Göhringer (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; quality assurance Peter Hackel (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; quality assurance Michael Harr (ANTEC) infrared detectors; administration Gernot Hartmann (DLR) German Space Agency DLR; programme manager Peter Henneberg (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; optics, straylight Edgar Herbst (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; FPU shadow engineering Lou Hermans (IMEC) cold readout electronics; project manager Ottmar Hertel (ANTEC) infrared detectors; documentation Hermann Hohl (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; production Joachim Junghans (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; electric design, testing Hans Köppen (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; chopper assembly, FPU Wolfgang Klück (ANTEC) infrared detectors; C100 assembly Axel Koppe (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; detector shadow engineer Heribert Krüger (ANTEC) infrared detectors; spectral measurements Hansjörg Lehle (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; electrical assembly manager Werner Lenz (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; analogue electronics Klaus Lethaus (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; electrical interface engineering Reinhard Link (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; sales manager Anne Litzelmann (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; test engineer Reinhard Ludewig (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; design manager Georg Luichtel (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; quality assurance, testing Hans Jürgen Meier (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; FE analysis Klaus Meyer (ANTEC) infrared detectors; S arrays assembly/test Roland Müller (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; software Manfred Otterbein (DLR) German Space Agency DLR; programme manager Reinhold Passenheim (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; electric design, testing Christian Peschel (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; assembly of wheels FPU Klaus Proetel (DLR) German Space Agency DLR; funding manager Michael Röser (ANTEC) infrared detectors; C50 assembly Rudolf Schlegelmilch (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; project manager Günter Seger (ANTEC) infrared detectors; administration Axel W. Sohn (ANTEC) infrared...
Context. Circumstellar discs are ubiquitous around young stars, but rapidly dissipate their gas a... more Context. Circumstellar discs are ubiquitous around young stars, but rapidly dissipate their gas and dust on timescales of a few Myr. The Herschel Space Observatory allows for the study of the warm disc atmosphere, using far-infrared spectroscopy to measure gas content and excitation conditions, and far-IR photometry to constrain the dust distribution. Aims. We aim to detect and characterize the gas content of circumstellar discs in four targets as part of the Herschel science demonstration phase. Methods. We carried out sensitive medium resolution spectroscopy and high sensitivity photometry at λ ∼60-190 μm using the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer instrument on the Herschel Space Observatory. Results. We detect [OI] 63 μm emission from the young stars HD 169142, TW Hydrae, and RECX 15, but not HD 181327. No other lines, including [CII] 158 and [OI] 145, are significantly detected. All four stars are detected in photometry at 70 and 160 μm. Extensive models are presented in associated papers.
Astron. Astrophys. 315, L397-L400 (1996) ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS First results of ISO-SWS obse... more Astron. Astrophys. 315, L397-L400 (1996) ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS First results of ISO-SWS observations of Jupiter* Th. Encrenaz' , Th. de Graauw2'3, S. Schaeidt45, E. Lellouch' , H. Feuchtgruber4'5, DA Beintema2 ...
SR acknowledges support from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s S... more SR acknowledges support from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant agreement No. [609305]. MF acknowledges financial support from grants AYA2014-54348-C3-1-R, AYA2011-30147-C03-01 and AYA2016-79425-C3-3-P of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiv-ity (MINECO), co-funded with EU FEDER funds
Introduction: Space-based observatories such as TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite [1])... more Introduction: Space-based observatories such as TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite [1]) produce light curves of hundreds of thousands of stars over their mission lifetimes. A tiny fraction of these stars shows periodic dips in brightness, resulting from one or more orbiting planets crossing in front of the stellar surface in our line of sight. While the physics of transiting planets is well-understood, the search for their signatures in light curves is hindered by stellar and spacecraft induced noise. In order to distinguish transit signatures from noise and underlying complex patterns in the data, Deep Learning (DL) is expected to play an important role, especially in future missions such as PLATO [2]. However, while the abundance of data continues to grow, the development of DL-based methods for this task seems to lag behind. In this work, we set up a framework for developing and comparing methods for detecting transits in simulated light curves. Furthermore, research pr...
Induced Massive Star Formation in the Trifid Nebula?
Science, 1998
The Trifid nebula is a young (10(5) years) galactic HII region where several protostellar sources... more The Trifid nebula is a young (10(5) years) galactic HII region where several protostellar sources have been detected with the infrared space observatory. The sources are massive (17 to 60 solar masses) and are associated with molecular gas condensations at the edges or inside the nebula. They appear to be in an early evolutionary stage and may represent the most recent generation of stars in the Trifid. These sources range from dense, apparently still inactive cores to more evolved sources, undergoing violent mass ejection episodes, including a source that powers an optical jet. These observations suggest that the protostellar sources may have evolved by induced star formation in the Trifid nebula.
The on-line tabular material contains a complete description of the DUNES objects, providing abso... more The on-line tabular material contains a complete description of the DUNES objects, providing absolute parameters of the stars, the photometry used to build their spectral energy distributions, the Herchel/PACS fluxes, the photospheric predictions at the PACS wavelengths, the significance of the potential excesses and additional information concerning the stars with extended emission, the offsets of the stellar positions as measured in the optical and in the PACS100 images, the AORs (Astronomical Observation Request number) of the observations and the on-source integration times.
DUNES is an Open Time Key Programme of the Herschel Space Observatory aimed at detecting and stud... more DUNES is an Open Time Key Programme of the Herschel Space Observatory aimed at detecting and studying cold dusty –debris– discs, i.e. Kuiper-belt analogues, around FGK stars of the solar neighbourhood, in a volume-limited sample of 133 stars. The sensitivity and wavelengths of the two instruments used, namely PACS (70, 100, and 160 μm) and SPIRE (250, 350, and 500 μm) are the appropriate ones for these tasks. Debris discs are the result of collisions of planetesimals formed at early stages of the star formation episode, when the star is younger than about 30 Myr, and the discs, so-called protoplanetary, are composed of gas and dust. The whole sample is already observed and the team is currently analysing the data. We outline here some of the main results we have found.
... February 2001 ESA SP-481, 2003, eds. L. Metcalfe, A. Salania, SB Peschke &amp; MFKessler ... more ... February 2001 ESA SP-481, 2003, eds. L. Metcalfe, A. Salania, SB Peschke &amp; MFKessler 108 RF Shipman et al. (12 detectors per block over 22 grating scan steps) instead of 1 2 separate scans. From this block of data a single ...
Context. The ESA PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO) mission will search for ter... more Context. The ESA PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO) mission will search for terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of solar-type stars. Because of telemetry limitations, PLATO targets need to be pre-selected. Aims. In this paper, we present an all sky catalogue that will be fundamental to selecting the best PLATO fields and the most promising target stars, deriving their basic parameters, analysing the instrumental performances, and then planing and optimising follow-up observations. This catalogue also represents a valuable resource for the general definition of stellar samples optimised for the search of transiting planets. Methods. We used Gaia Data Release 2 astrometry and photometry and 3D maps of the local interstellar medium to isolate FGK (V ≤ 13) and M (V ≤ 16) dwarfs and subgiant stars. Results. We present the first public release of the all-sky PLATO input catalogue (asPIC1.1) containing a total of 2 675 539 stars including 2 378 177 FGK dwarfs and su...
The young star β Pictoris is well known for its dusty debris disk produced through collisional gr... more The young star β Pictoris is well known for its dusty debris disk produced through collisional grinding of planetesimals, kilometre-sized bodies in orbit around the star. In addition to dust, small amounts of gas are also known to orbit the star; this gas is likely the result of vaporisation of violently colliding dust grains. The disk is seen edge on and from previous absorption spectroscopy we know that the gas is very rich in carbon relative to other elements. The oxygen content has been more difficult to assess, however, with early estimates finding very little oxygen in the gas at a C/O ratio that is 20× higher than the cosmic value. A C/O ratio that high is difficult to explain and would have far-reaching consequences for planet formation. Here we report on observations by the far-infrared space telescope Herschel, using PACS, of emission lines from ionised carbon and neutral oxygen. The detected emission from C + is consistent with that previously reported observed by the HIFI instrument on Herschel, while the emission from O is hard to explain without assuming a higher density region in the disk, perhaps in the shape of a clump or a dense torus required to sufficiently excite the O atoms.
First Results of ISO-SWS Grating Observations of Jupiter
The spectrum of Jupiter has been recorded on April 12, 1996, between 2.75 and 14.5 mu m, with the... more The spectrum of Jupiter has been recorded on April 12, 1996, between 2.75 and 14.5 mu m, with the grating mode of the Short-Wavelength Spectrometer of ISO (Infrared Space Observatory). The resolving power is 1500 and the sensitivity limit is better than 1 Jy. The corresponding S/N ratio is better than 1000 at 2.75 mu m, 4000 at 5 mu
Determination of D/H Ratio on Jupiter from ISO/SWS Observations
Bulletin of the …, 1996
Observations of Jupiter, performed on March 29, 1996, with the Short-Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS... more Observations of Jupiter, performed on March 29, 1996, with the Short-Wavelength Spectrometer (SWS) of the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) in Fabry-Perot mode, have allowed the first detection of the rotational R (2) line of HD at 37.7 mu m (265.3 cm (-1)). ...
Herschel was launched on 14 May 2009, and is now an operational ESA space observatory offering un... more Herschel was launched on 14 May 2009, and is now an operational ESA space observatory offering unprecedented observational capabilities in the far-infrared and submillimetre spectral range 55-671 μm. Herschel carries a 3.5 m diameter passively cooled Cassegrain telescope, which is the largest of its kind and utilises a novel silicon carbide technology. The science payload comprises three instruments: two direct detection cameras/medium resolution spectrometers, PACS and SPIRE, and a very high-resolution heterodyne spectrometer, HIFI, whose focal plane units are housed inside a superfluid helium cryostat. Herschel is an observatory facility operated in partnership among ESA, the instrument consortia, and NASA. The mission lifetime is determined by the cryostat hold time. Nominally approximately 20 000 h will be available for astronomy, 32% is guaranteed time and the remainder is open to the worldwide general astronomical community through a standard competitive proposal procedure.
ISO-SWS spectrophotometry of galactic Wolf-Rayet stars: preliminary results
Astronomy and …, 1996
Iso-sws spectrophotometry of galactic Wolf-Rayet stars: preliminary results* KA van der Hucht... more Iso-sws spectrophotometry of galactic Wolf-Rayet stars: preliminary results* KA van der Hucht' , PW , PM Williams DYA Setia Gunawan DA Beintema DR Boxhoorn Th. de Graauw A. Heras DJ.M. Kester F. Lahuis KJ. Leech PR Roelfsema A. Salama EA Valentijn and B. ...
Spectra taken with the Short Wavelength Spectrometer on board of the Infrared Space Observatory o... more Spectra taken with the Short Wavelength Spectrometer on board of the Infrared Space Observatory of dust shells around evolved oxygen-rich stars reveal the presence of several emission features at wavelengths between 20 and 45 m. These features have a range of widths and strengths, but are all narrow compared to the well-known amorphous silicate bands at 9.7 and 18 m. The emission peaks are tentatively identified with crystalline forms of silicates such as pyroxenes and olivine. The emission features tend to be more prominent for objects with cooler dust shells (T < 300 K). This may be due to an intrinsic change in optical properties of the dust as it cools, or it may be due to an increase in the fraction of crystalline silicates compared to amorphous forms as the mass loss rate increases. The implications for the physics of dust formation in the outflows of cool giants are briefly discussed.
PeterÁbrahám (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Erich Ackermann (MPIA) sensi... more PeterÁbrahám (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Erich Ackermann (MPIA) sensitivity calculations and confusion noise estimates (diploma thesis) Hans-Heinrich Altfeld (MPIA) cryo mechanics development tests (Ph.D. thesis) Steven Beckwith (MPIA) director, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Heinrich Bellemann (MPIA) head of mechanics workshop, cryo mechanics development Jürgen Blum (MPIA) high energy radiation impacts on IR detectors (diploma thesis) Stefan Bogun (MPIA) requirements for ISOPHOT Serendipity mode operations Matthias Botz (MPIA) characterisation of internal calibration sources (diploma thesis) Martin Burgdorf (MPIA) detector tests (diploma thesis), Serendipity mode simulation (Ph.D. thesis) Armin Böhm (MPIA) manufacture of Fine Calibration Sources for ISOPHOT Hans Elsässer (MPIA) managing director of the institute (until 1994) Edgar Fink (MPIA) head of administration, industrial contracts Franz Flock (MPIA) manufacture of mechanical components Ursula Flock (MPIA) personnel administration Peter Franke (MPIA) design of ISOPHOT components Wolfgang Fuhr (MPIA) calibration measurements and time line planning Carlos Gabriel (MPIA) design of pipeline software Ulrich Grözinger (MPIA) electronic engineer, detector testing, electronic components Christian Hajduk (MPIA) definition of ground segment activities Heidi Hajduk (MPIA) optical components design K. Haussecker 2 (MPIA) electronic engineer, detector testing, electronic components Ingolf Heinrichsen (MPIA) commanding and processing software, Astronomical Observation Template (AOT) design Hannelore Heissler (MPIA) project administration Uwe Herbstmeier (MPIA) flight operation procedures, instrument end-to-end testing Hans Hippelein (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Diethelm Johannismann (MPIA) FIR filter design (diploma thesis) Ulrich Kinkel 3 (MPIA) calibration measurements and time line planning Stefan Kirches (MPIA) instrument ground testing vi Ulrich Klaas (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme, ground segment development coordination, PIDT build-up Harald Krüger (MPIA) ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme coordination, documentation (Observer's Manual) Christoph Leinert (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Dietrich Lemke (MPIA) Principal Investigator ISOPHOT Dieter Lutz (MPIA) detector tests (diploma thesis) Peter Lützow-Wentzky (MPIA) management of industrial contracts, PIDT build-up Klaus Meisenheimer (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Thomas Müller (MPIA) asteroids as celestial FIR standards (Ph.D. thesis) Tibor Pacher (MPIA) computer system management, AOT logic testing Guido Pelz (MPIA) preparation of real time operations Gabriele Roth (MPIA) detector curing methods (diploma thesis) Alison Rushworth (MPIA) project secretary, documentation Ulrich Schneider (MPIA) detector curing methods (diploma thesis) Joseph Schubert (MPIA) optical components, instrument ground testing and detector transients (Ph.D. thesis) Bernhard Schulz (MPIA) instrument ground testing (Ph.D. thesis) Jakob Staude (MPIA) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Clemens Tilgner (MPIA) instrument and system tests Karsten Wilke (MPIA) investigation of signal transients (diploma thesis) Lothar Weitzel (MPIA) detector array tests (diploma thesis) Lorenz Wiest (MPIA) detector tests (diploma thesis) Jürgen Wolf (MPIA) detector design and testing, instrument ground testing coordination Members of Co-I teams Jack Abolins (RAL) Real Time software development coordinator Rolf Chini (MPIfR) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Linda Cornwall (RAL) Quick Look Analysis (QLA) software development Luke Drury (DIAS) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Francisco Garzón (IAC) project manager ISOPHOT-S, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Hans-Peter Gemünd (MPIfR) FIR filter and polariser development Eberhard Grün (MPIK) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Joachim Gürtler (FSJ) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Steve Guest (RAL) Offline Processing Pipeline (OLP) design and development Graham Hall (RAL) Real Time Assessment (RTA) software development Peter Hammersley (IAC) celestial calibration standards, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Thomas Henning (FSJ) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme vii Reinhard Hofacker (MPIK) electronic components development Bob Joseph (ICSTM/IRTF) ISOPHOT-S design, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Carsten Kömpe (FSJ) design of calibration meausurements and calibration time line planning Ernst Kreysa (MPIfR) FIR filter and polariser development Wolfgang Krätschmer (MPIK) NIR/MIR filter and polariser procurement and testing Kalevi Mattila (Helsinki Observatory) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Peter Mezger (MPIfR) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Hans Ulrik Nørgaard-Nielsen (DSRI) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Werner Pfau (FSJ) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Emil Popow (AIP) instrument ground testing Ib Rasmussen (DSRI) Electrical Ground Segment Equipment development Tom Ray (DIAS) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Phil Richards (RAL) Offline Processing Pipeline (OLP) design and development Gotthard Richter (AIP) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme José Miguel Rodríguez Espinosa (IAC) ISOPHOT-S ground testing, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Mike Selby 4 (ICSTM/IAC) ISOPHOT-S design, stellar IR standards Detlef Skaley (MPIK) PHT Interactive Analysis (PIA) development Charles Telesco (Univ. Florida) FIR calibration standards, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Wai Min Tai (DIAS) PHT Interactive Analysis (PIA) development Richard Tuffs (MPIK) Astronomical Observation Template (AOT) design, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Peter Vaughan (RAL) project manager Heinrich Völk (MPIK) preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Helen Walker (RAL) Astronomical Observation Template (AOT) design, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme Martyn Wells (ICSTM/ROE) ISOPHOT-S design, preparation of ISOPHOT Guaranteed Time programme, design of calibration measurements Robert Wagner (MPIK) instrument ground testing analysis software development 4 deceased 1993 viii Members of the German Space Agency and the Industrial Teams Günter Albrecht (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; production manager Jürgen Altmann (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; test engineer Manfred Amann (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; analogue electronics Heiko Bäurle (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; assembly Hans Peter Batroff (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; coating Johann Bestler (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; electric system engineering Wolfgang Bollinger (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; project manager Reinhold Bolz (ANTEC) infrared detectors; assembly of P detectors Walter Breitling (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; system engineer Kurt Brenner (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; mechanical design Stefaan Cos (IMEC) cold readout electronics; test engineer Bart Dierickx (IMEC) cold readout electronics; design engineer Peter Dinges (ANTEC) infrared detectors; C200 design, assembly Stefan Dornheim (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; production Albert Ebert (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; mechanical design Rudolf Faymonville (ANTEC) infrared detectors; project manager Reiner Felten (ANTEC) infrared detectors; electronics, software Harald Feuer (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; instrument assembly integration test Vic Fonderie (IMEC) cold readout electronics; QA manager Jürgen Frank (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; project controller Danny Frederickx (IMEC) cold readout electronics Otto Frenzl (ANTEC) infrared detectors; system engineer, QA Wolfgang Fricke (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; project manager Hans Göhringer (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; quality assurance Peter Hackel (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; quality assurance Michael Harr (ANTEC) infrared detectors; administration Gernot Hartmann (DLR) German Space Agency DLR; programme manager Peter Henneberg (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; optics, straylight Edgar Herbst (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; FPU shadow engineering Lou Hermans (IMEC) cold readout electronics; project manager Ottmar Hertel (ANTEC) infrared detectors; documentation Hermann Hohl (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; production Joachim Junghans (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; electric design, testing Hans Köppen (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; chopper assembly, FPU Wolfgang Klück (ANTEC) infrared detectors; C100 assembly Axel Koppe (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; detector shadow engineer Heribert Krüger (ANTEC) infrared detectors; spectral measurements Hansjörg Lehle (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; electrical assembly manager Werner Lenz (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; analogue electronics Klaus Lethaus (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; electrical interface engineering Reinhard Link (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; sales manager Anne Litzelmann (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; test engineer Reinhard Ludewig (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; design manager Georg Luichtel (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; quality assurance, testing Hans Jürgen Meier (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; FE analysis Klaus Meyer (ANTEC) infrared detectors; S arrays assembly/test Roland Müller (Dornier) industrial prime contractor; software Manfred Otterbein (DLR) German Space Agency DLR; programme manager Reinhold Passenheim (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; electric design, testing Christian Peschel (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; assembly of wheels FPU Klaus Proetel (DLR) German Space Agency DLR; funding manager Michael Röser (ANTEC) infrared detectors; C50 assembly Rudolf Schlegelmilch (ZEISS) cold focal plane unit; project manager Günter Seger (ANTEC) infrared detectors; administration Axel W. Sohn (ANTEC) infrared...
Context. Circumstellar discs are ubiquitous around young stars, but rapidly dissipate their gas a... more Context. Circumstellar discs are ubiquitous around young stars, but rapidly dissipate their gas and dust on timescales of a few Myr. The Herschel Space Observatory allows for the study of the warm disc atmosphere, using far-infrared spectroscopy to measure gas content and excitation conditions, and far-IR photometry to constrain the dust distribution. Aims. We aim to detect and characterize the gas content of circumstellar discs in four targets as part of the Herschel science demonstration phase. Methods. We carried out sensitive medium resolution spectroscopy and high sensitivity photometry at λ ∼60-190 μm using the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer instrument on the Herschel Space Observatory. Results. We detect [OI] 63 μm emission from the young stars HD 169142, TW Hydrae, and RECX 15, but not HD 181327. No other lines, including [CII] 158 and [OI] 145, are significantly detected. All four stars are detected in photometry at 70 and 160 μm. Extensive models are presented in associated papers.
Astron. Astrophys. 315, L397-L400 (1996) ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS First results of ISO-SWS obse... more Astron. Astrophys. 315, L397-L400 (1996) ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS First results of ISO-SWS observations of Jupiter* Th. Encrenaz' , Th. de Graauw2'3, S. Schaeidt45, E. Lellouch' , H. Feuchtgruber4'5, DA Beintema2 ...
SR acknowledges support from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s S... more SR acknowledges support from the People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant agreement No. [609305]. MF acknowledges financial support from grants AYA2014-54348-C3-1-R, AYA2011-30147-C03-01 and AYA2016-79425-C3-3-P of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competiv-ity (MINECO), co-funded with EU FEDER funds
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