Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, Aug 31, 2023
In this paper, wideband, and ultrathin metamaterial absorber is proposed, analyzed and fabricated... more In this paper, wideband, and ultrathin metamaterial absorber is proposed, analyzed and fabricated for Ku-band applications. The reported absorber has a nearly perfect absorptivity above 90% covering the entire Ku band (12-20 GHz) at normal incidence for both transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarization. This is due to the supported electric and magnetic resonances simultaneously. Consequently, the effective permittivity and permeability can be designed to obtain impedance matching with free space. This leads to the absorption of the entire incident energy in the metamaterial absorber. The suggested structure also shows a good absorption response (above 80%) under oblique incidence (from 0 to 50°). Therefore, the proposed absorber represents a good potential for Kuband applications.
Background Shivering is one of the common problems during spinal anesthesia and may lead to sever... more Background Shivering is one of the common problems during spinal anesthesia and may lead to several complications, interfere with patient monitoring, and is bothersome for the mother while holding her newborn. We performed this prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to determine the ability of preoperative intravenous (IV) granisetron to prevent or decrease shivering after spinal anesthesia during elective cesarean delivery. Materials and methods A total of 117 ASA I/II parturient women undergoing elective cesarean delivery were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: group G (n = 58) received 3 mg in 3 ml granisetron intravenously and group P (n = 59) received 3 ml intravenous normal saline before performing spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia was performed in all patients using 10 mg heavy bupivacaine 0.5% and 15 μg fentanyl. Shivering was graded according to the Wrench score: 0 = no shivering; 1 = piloerection, peripheral vasoconstriction, or peripheral cyanosis without other cause; 2 = visible muscular activity confined to one muscle group; 3 = visible muscular activity in more than one muscle group; and 4 = gross muscular activity involving the entire body. Rescue medication intake, interference with neonatal holding, interference with monitoring, and maternal vomiting in 12 h postoperative as well as tympanic membrane temperature and Apgar score were recorded. Results The percentage of shivering and shivering score value among parturients in both groups did not show significant statistical difference during the study time periods, with a P value greater than 0.05. With respect to rescue medication intake (P = 0.086) as well as interference with monitoring (P = 0.653) and neonatal holding (P = 0.653), there was no statistically significant difference as well. In addition, tympanic membrane temperature (P = 0.48) and 1-min Apgar score (P = 0.09) did not show statistically significant difference. Granisetron significantly reduced the incidence of nausea and vomiting during the 12-h postoperative period, with only six (10.3%) mothers in group G complaining of nausea and vomiting in comparison with 16 (27.1%) mothers in group P (P = 0.036). Conclusion Preoperative intravenous granisetron for shivering prophylaxis in cesarean section under spinal anesthesia did not significantly reduce the incidence or severity of shivering.
IACSIT international journal of engineering and technology, 2012
Houses in Egypt are often designed without sufficiently taking the climate into account. Factors ... more Houses in Egypt are often designed without sufficiently taking the climate into account. Factors such as the urban environment, site characteristics, orientation and architectural design of the building, choice of building materials, etc. are not emphasized. Consequently, buildings often have a poor indoor climate, which affects comfort, health and building efficiency. One reason why buildings are poorly adapted to the climate is lack of knowledge among architects, planners and engineers. This review focuses on two main areas of research. First, the housing problem in terms of thermal comfort, indoor environment problem. Second, present solutions, strategies and the future research. Moreover, this review found that the problem of achieving thermal comfort is not fully understood but there are new integrated strategies that can be developed which use low cost passive cooling strategies to reduce the heating loads. Besides, it is suggested to further study the optimization and the control strategy of such integrated system in Egypt.
International journal of environment & sustainability, Mar 22, 2014
Present investigation was carried out on groundwater in Unguwa Uku for water quality parameters d... more Present investigation was carried out on groundwater in Unguwa Uku for water quality parameters during October, 2016. Parameters such as total hardness (TH), alkalinity, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, pH, temperature, chloride, calcium, free CO 2 , suspended solids (SS), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolve solids (TDS), colour, and odour were analyzed from five locations. The analysis were carried out using standard analytical methods. The analysis of data reveals that, the value of free CO 2 ranges from 9-104 mg/L, 36.05-72.10 mg/L for Calcium, 2-13 NTU for turbidity, 583.59-2065.03mg/L for total hardness 7.1-8.3 for pH, 21.7-23.4°C for temperature, 202-970 mg/L for TDS, 250-305 mg/L for alkalinity, 405-1939µS/cm for conductivities, 5TCU for colour, 111.70-659.51mg/L for suspended solids, 669.03-1255.51mg/L for total suspended solids, 106.57-296.10mg/L for chloride. The results obtained revealed that, the values of alkalinity, TDS, TSS, SS, pH, temperature, colour, odour, free CO 2 , and concentrations of Calcium of the water samples analyzed are within the acceptable limits set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standards for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) for the drinking water. The values of electrical conductivity and total hardness are above the maximum permissible limits and may have adverse effects on the human health of the study area. However, not all the values of turbidity and chloride in the samples are within the acceptable limits of WHO and NSDWQ in the drinking water. This paper also recommended that, government and non-governmental agencies should make reasonable effort to control, regulate and educate the people in the study area for proper disposal of domestic effluents.
Background & Objective: The postoperative pain after spine surgery is almost always severe. A rec... more Background & Objective: The postoperative pain after spine surgery is almost always severe. A recently described loco-regional procedure called the erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has been claimed to be associated with positive outcomes. We evaluated the ESPB's efficacy for the relief of postoperative pain after lumbar spine surgery. Methodology: This randomized controlled clinical investigation was conducted at the Ain Shams University Hospitals during the course of a year starting January 2021. Patients were randomly allocated to one of the two groups: Group C (the control group) patients underwent lumbar spine surgery under conventional general anesthesia (GA) in accordance with hospital policy. Group ESP was administered GA similar to the control group, but the patients received bilateral ultrasound-guided ESPB before starting lumbar spine surgery. The primary objective was total morphine consumption. Numeric rating scale (NRS) scores were measured at rest on shifting to post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and then at 2 h, 6 h, 10 h, 14 h, 18 h and 24 h in the ward. Complications, e.g., PONV and hemodynamic parameters were recorded on shifting to PACU and then at 2 h, 6 h, 10 h, 14 h, 18 h and 24 h in the ward. Results: Total morphine consumption was higher in the control group than the Group ESP, at the 6th, 12th, and 18th hours postoperatively, the numeric rating scale scores in Group ESP were lower compared to the control group, and ESPB significantly reduced the time to first mobilization when compared to the control group. In terms of PONV and postoperative vital signs, there was no statistically significant difference; however, the patient satisfaction was higher in Group ESP was far more satisfied than the control group overall. Conclusion: We conclude that bilateral ultrasound guided ESPB is useful for postoperative analgesia in patients having lumbar spine operations. It lowered postoperative opioid consumption, decreased pain scores at various time intervals, and increased patient satisfaction while reducing the occurrence of PONV.
Laparoscopic techniques have rapidly increased in popularity because of multiple advantages: smal... more Laparoscopic techniques have rapidly increased in popularity because of multiple advantages: smaller incisions compared with traditional open techniques, reduction in the postoperative pain, lower postoperative pulmonary complications, lower incidence of postoperative ileus, and early ambulation. All of these aspects carry substantial medico-economic advantages.1
Background Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure that often demands potent analge... more Background Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure that often demands potent analgesia. Anesthetists commonly rely on continuous epidural analgesia or psoas compartment block. After the American Society of Regional Anesthesia (ASRA) recent recommendation against the implication of deep regional blocks in the setting of perioperative anticoagulation, femoral nerve block might be a suitable alternative technique. Its effectiveness in TKA is a questionable issue. Our study is hypothesizing that continuous femoral block could provide an analgesic profile similar to continuous psoas compartment block. Patients and method Sixty patients undergoing TKA were randomly assigned into two groups to receive continuous femoral block or continuous psoas compartment block using ultrasound and nerve stimulation guidance. A bolus of 20 ml 0.25% levobupivacaine was injected through a perineural catheter in each group before surgery followed by a 5 ml bolus of 0.125%, and then 5 ml/h infusion at completion of surgery. A bolus of 5 ml 0.125% levobupivacaine was injected when numerical rating scale (NRS) was at least 5. In the first 24 h postoperatively, the median value and the interquartile range of the NRS at 1, 6, 12, and 24 h and after the first physiotherapy session were recorded as the primary end point. The total levobupivacaine and morphine consumption during the same 24-h period were the secondary end points, apart from patient′s satisfaction with analgesia during hospitalization. Results The median and interquartile range of the NRS were 4.00 and 2.00 in the first hour, 4.00 and 1.5 in the sixth hour, 4.00 and 1.5 in the 12 th hour, 4.00 and 2.00 in the 24 th hour, and 4.00 and 2.00 after the first physiotherapy session, respectively, in the Fm group, and 3.00 and 3.00 in the first hour, 4.00 and 2.00 in the sixth hour, 4.00 and 1.5 in the 12 th hour, 3.00 and 2.5 in the 24 th hour, and 3.00 and 2.00 after the first physiotherapy session, respectively, in the Ps group. The total mean levobupivacaine and morphine consumption in the Fm and the Ps groups were 218. ± 7.89 vs. 216.6 ± 8.42 and 15.5 ± 4.01 vs. 13.50 ± 4.38, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between both the groups. The catheter insertion time was significantly shorter in the Fm group (8.53 ± 3.1 min) compared with (10.5 ± 3.2 min) the Ps group (P = 0.021). Conclusion Continuous femoral nerve block provides a suitable alternative analgesic technique in patients undergoing TKA when psoas compartment block is unwarranted in the setting of perioperative anticoagulation as recommended by ASRA.
International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, May 1, 2020
Nowadays the world discuss the problem of the cryptocurrency and shows several risks in dealing w... more Nowadays the world discuss the problem of the cryptocurrency and shows several risks in dealing with this new investment or banning it by governments and the main issue of this paper is how can the third part ex: (exchange market for trading cryptocurrencies) avoid cybercriminal activities, In this paper, we will define only two of cybercriminals that related to the third part directly, First: Ransomware attacks and how the process of storing cryptocurrencies can be secured. Second: Black net in which many illegal trades could be done and how can the third part (governments) monitor the relationship between buyers and sellers to avoid this problem. In this paper, we propose a framework that proposed in anew exchange market by integrating blockchain technology and IOT (internet of things) to increase the security in the two processes that consider the main issues for the exchange market: first: storing the cryptocurrencies securely and avoid ransomware attacks, second: monitoring the transactions and avoid illegal business (black net) could happen through it. And we can implement this framework for special types of partially decentralized cryptocurrencies ex: NEO and Libra coin.
European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) coexists in up to 80% of patients with primary sclero... more Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) coexists in up to 80% of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). The aim of this study is to investigate the outcomes of immunomodulator (IMM)/advanced therapies for the treatment of PSC-IBD. Methods This was a single-center, retrospective study of patients with PSC from 1 January 2012 to 1 April 2021. Adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) with PSC-IBD were included. Primary outcomes were rates and predictors of IMM/advanced therapies to treat PSC-IBD. Secondary outcomes included rates of cholangitis, PSC-IBD clinical remission, and endoscopic healing. Results A total of 106 patients with PSC were reviewed and 72 (68%) with confirmed PSC-IBD were included in the study. The median age was 48 years (IQR, 33–59.5) and 69.4% were male. Overall, 28 patients (38.9%) required IMM/advanced therapies to treat PSC-IBD (22 biologic/small molecule therapy and six thiopurine monotherapy). Patients in the IMM/advanced therapies group were more lik...
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, Aug 31, 2023
In this paper, wideband, and ultrathin metamaterial absorber is proposed, analyzed and fabricated... more In this paper, wideband, and ultrathin metamaterial absorber is proposed, analyzed and fabricated for Ku-band applications. The reported absorber has a nearly perfect absorptivity above 90% covering the entire Ku band (12-20 GHz) at normal incidence for both transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarization. This is due to the supported electric and magnetic resonances simultaneously. Consequently, the effective permittivity and permeability can be designed to obtain impedance matching with free space. This leads to the absorption of the entire incident energy in the metamaterial absorber. The suggested structure also shows a good absorption response (above 80%) under oblique incidence (from 0 to 50°). Therefore, the proposed absorber represents a good potential for Kuband applications.
Background Shivering is one of the common problems during spinal anesthesia and may lead to sever... more Background Shivering is one of the common problems during spinal anesthesia and may lead to several complications, interfere with patient monitoring, and is bothersome for the mother while holding her newborn. We performed this prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to determine the ability of preoperative intravenous (IV) granisetron to prevent or decrease shivering after spinal anesthesia during elective cesarean delivery. Materials and methods A total of 117 ASA I/II parturient women undergoing elective cesarean delivery were enrolled. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups: group G (n = 58) received 3 mg in 3 ml granisetron intravenously and group P (n = 59) received 3 ml intravenous normal saline before performing spinal anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia was performed in all patients using 10 mg heavy bupivacaine 0.5% and 15 μg fentanyl. Shivering was graded according to the Wrench score: 0 = no shivering; 1 = piloerection, peripheral vasoconstriction, or peripheral cyanosis without other cause; 2 = visible muscular activity confined to one muscle group; 3 = visible muscular activity in more than one muscle group; and 4 = gross muscular activity involving the entire body. Rescue medication intake, interference with neonatal holding, interference with monitoring, and maternal vomiting in 12 h postoperative as well as tympanic membrane temperature and Apgar score were recorded. Results The percentage of shivering and shivering score value among parturients in both groups did not show significant statistical difference during the study time periods, with a P value greater than 0.05. With respect to rescue medication intake (P = 0.086) as well as interference with monitoring (P = 0.653) and neonatal holding (P = 0.653), there was no statistically significant difference as well. In addition, tympanic membrane temperature (P = 0.48) and 1-min Apgar score (P = 0.09) did not show statistically significant difference. Granisetron significantly reduced the incidence of nausea and vomiting during the 12-h postoperative period, with only six (10.3%) mothers in group G complaining of nausea and vomiting in comparison with 16 (27.1%) mothers in group P (P = 0.036). Conclusion Preoperative intravenous granisetron for shivering prophylaxis in cesarean section under spinal anesthesia did not significantly reduce the incidence or severity of shivering.
IACSIT international journal of engineering and technology, 2012
Houses in Egypt are often designed without sufficiently taking the climate into account. Factors ... more Houses in Egypt are often designed without sufficiently taking the climate into account. Factors such as the urban environment, site characteristics, orientation and architectural design of the building, choice of building materials, etc. are not emphasized. Consequently, buildings often have a poor indoor climate, which affects comfort, health and building efficiency. One reason why buildings are poorly adapted to the climate is lack of knowledge among architects, planners and engineers. This review focuses on two main areas of research. First, the housing problem in terms of thermal comfort, indoor environment problem. Second, present solutions, strategies and the future research. Moreover, this review found that the problem of achieving thermal comfort is not fully understood but there are new integrated strategies that can be developed which use low cost passive cooling strategies to reduce the heating loads. Besides, it is suggested to further study the optimization and the control strategy of such integrated system in Egypt.
International journal of environment & sustainability, Mar 22, 2014
Present investigation was carried out on groundwater in Unguwa Uku for water quality parameters d... more Present investigation was carried out on groundwater in Unguwa Uku for water quality parameters during October, 2016. Parameters such as total hardness (TH), alkalinity, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity, pH, temperature, chloride, calcium, free CO 2 , suspended solids (SS), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolve solids (TDS), colour, and odour were analyzed from five locations. The analysis were carried out using standard analytical methods. The analysis of data reveals that, the value of free CO 2 ranges from 9-104 mg/L, 36.05-72.10 mg/L for Calcium, 2-13 NTU for turbidity, 583.59-2065.03mg/L for total hardness 7.1-8.3 for pH, 21.7-23.4°C for temperature, 202-970 mg/L for TDS, 250-305 mg/L for alkalinity, 405-1939µS/cm for conductivities, 5TCU for colour, 111.70-659.51mg/L for suspended solids, 669.03-1255.51mg/L for total suspended solids, 106.57-296.10mg/L for chloride. The results obtained revealed that, the values of alkalinity, TDS, TSS, SS, pH, temperature, colour, odour, free CO 2 , and concentrations of Calcium of the water samples analyzed are within the acceptable limits set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Nigerian Standards for Drinking Water Quality (NSDWQ) for the drinking water. The values of electrical conductivity and total hardness are above the maximum permissible limits and may have adverse effects on the human health of the study area. However, not all the values of turbidity and chloride in the samples are within the acceptable limits of WHO and NSDWQ in the drinking water. This paper also recommended that, government and non-governmental agencies should make reasonable effort to control, regulate and educate the people in the study area for proper disposal of domestic effluents.
Background & Objective: The postoperative pain after spine surgery is almost always severe. A rec... more Background & Objective: The postoperative pain after spine surgery is almost always severe. A recently described loco-regional procedure called the erector spinae plane block (ESPB) has been claimed to be associated with positive outcomes. We evaluated the ESPB's efficacy for the relief of postoperative pain after lumbar spine surgery. Methodology: This randomized controlled clinical investigation was conducted at the Ain Shams University Hospitals during the course of a year starting January 2021. Patients were randomly allocated to one of the two groups: Group C (the control group) patients underwent lumbar spine surgery under conventional general anesthesia (GA) in accordance with hospital policy. Group ESP was administered GA similar to the control group, but the patients received bilateral ultrasound-guided ESPB before starting lumbar spine surgery. The primary objective was total morphine consumption. Numeric rating scale (NRS) scores were measured at rest on shifting to post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) and then at 2 h, 6 h, 10 h, 14 h, 18 h and 24 h in the ward. Complications, e.g., PONV and hemodynamic parameters were recorded on shifting to PACU and then at 2 h, 6 h, 10 h, 14 h, 18 h and 24 h in the ward. Results: Total morphine consumption was higher in the control group than the Group ESP, at the 6th, 12th, and 18th hours postoperatively, the numeric rating scale scores in Group ESP were lower compared to the control group, and ESPB significantly reduced the time to first mobilization when compared to the control group. In terms of PONV and postoperative vital signs, there was no statistically significant difference; however, the patient satisfaction was higher in Group ESP was far more satisfied than the control group overall. Conclusion: We conclude that bilateral ultrasound guided ESPB is useful for postoperative analgesia in patients having lumbar spine operations. It lowered postoperative opioid consumption, decreased pain scores at various time intervals, and increased patient satisfaction while reducing the occurrence of PONV.
Laparoscopic techniques have rapidly increased in popularity because of multiple advantages: smal... more Laparoscopic techniques have rapidly increased in popularity because of multiple advantages: smaller incisions compared with traditional open techniques, reduction in the postoperative pain, lower postoperative pulmonary complications, lower incidence of postoperative ileus, and early ambulation. All of these aspects carry substantial medico-economic advantages.1
Background Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure that often demands potent analge... more Background Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a surgical procedure that often demands potent analgesia. Anesthetists commonly rely on continuous epidural analgesia or psoas compartment block. After the American Society of Regional Anesthesia (ASRA) recent recommendation against the implication of deep regional blocks in the setting of perioperative anticoagulation, femoral nerve block might be a suitable alternative technique. Its effectiveness in TKA is a questionable issue. Our study is hypothesizing that continuous femoral block could provide an analgesic profile similar to continuous psoas compartment block. Patients and method Sixty patients undergoing TKA were randomly assigned into two groups to receive continuous femoral block or continuous psoas compartment block using ultrasound and nerve stimulation guidance. A bolus of 20 ml 0.25% levobupivacaine was injected through a perineural catheter in each group before surgery followed by a 5 ml bolus of 0.125%, and then 5 ml/h infusion at completion of surgery. A bolus of 5 ml 0.125% levobupivacaine was injected when numerical rating scale (NRS) was at least 5. In the first 24 h postoperatively, the median value and the interquartile range of the NRS at 1, 6, 12, and 24 h and after the first physiotherapy session were recorded as the primary end point. The total levobupivacaine and morphine consumption during the same 24-h period were the secondary end points, apart from patient′s satisfaction with analgesia during hospitalization. Results The median and interquartile range of the NRS were 4.00 and 2.00 in the first hour, 4.00 and 1.5 in the sixth hour, 4.00 and 1.5 in the 12 th hour, 4.00 and 2.00 in the 24 th hour, and 4.00 and 2.00 after the first physiotherapy session, respectively, in the Fm group, and 3.00 and 3.00 in the first hour, 4.00 and 2.00 in the sixth hour, 4.00 and 1.5 in the 12 th hour, 3.00 and 2.5 in the 24 th hour, and 3.00 and 2.00 after the first physiotherapy session, respectively, in the Ps group. The total mean levobupivacaine and morphine consumption in the Fm and the Ps groups were 218. ± 7.89 vs. 216.6 ± 8.42 and 15.5 ± 4.01 vs. 13.50 ± 4.38, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between both the groups. The catheter insertion time was significantly shorter in the Fm group (8.53 ± 3.1 min) compared with (10.5 ± 3.2 min) the Ps group (P = 0.021). Conclusion Continuous femoral nerve block provides a suitable alternative analgesic technique in patients undergoing TKA when psoas compartment block is unwarranted in the setting of perioperative anticoagulation as recommended by ASRA.
International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, May 1, 2020
Nowadays the world discuss the problem of the cryptocurrency and shows several risks in dealing w... more Nowadays the world discuss the problem of the cryptocurrency and shows several risks in dealing with this new investment or banning it by governments and the main issue of this paper is how can the third part ex: (exchange market for trading cryptocurrencies) avoid cybercriminal activities, In this paper, we will define only two of cybercriminals that related to the third part directly, First: Ransomware attacks and how the process of storing cryptocurrencies can be secured. Second: Black net in which many illegal trades could be done and how can the third part (governments) monitor the relationship between buyers and sellers to avoid this problem. In this paper, we propose a framework that proposed in anew exchange market by integrating blockchain technology and IOT (internet of things) to increase the security in the two processes that consider the main issues for the exchange market: first: storing the cryptocurrencies securely and avoid ransomware attacks, second: monitoring the transactions and avoid illegal business (black net) could happen through it. And we can implement this framework for special types of partially decentralized cryptocurrencies ex: NEO and Libra coin.
European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) coexists in up to 80% of patients with primary sclero... more Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) coexists in up to 80% of patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). The aim of this study is to investigate the outcomes of immunomodulator (IMM)/advanced therapies for the treatment of PSC-IBD. Methods This was a single-center, retrospective study of patients with PSC from 1 January 2012 to 1 April 2021. Adult patients (age ≥ 18 years) with PSC-IBD were included. Primary outcomes were rates and predictors of IMM/advanced therapies to treat PSC-IBD. Secondary outcomes included rates of cholangitis, PSC-IBD clinical remission, and endoscopic healing. Results A total of 106 patients with PSC were reviewed and 72 (68%) with confirmed PSC-IBD were included in the study. The median age was 48 years (IQR, 33–59.5) and 69.4% were male. Overall, 28 patients (38.9%) required IMM/advanced therapies to treat PSC-IBD (22 biologic/small molecule therapy and six thiopurine monotherapy). Patients in the IMM/advanced therapies group were more lik...
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