2021 International Conference of Women in Data Science at Taif University (WiDSTaif )
The pronunciation of the Arabic language is required all articulatory phonetics organs to formula... more The pronunciation of the Arabic language is required all articulatory phonetics organs to formulate the correct sounds of a word. It is challenging for non-native Arabic speakers to learn to recite the Holy Quran with correct “Tajweed” rules and pronunciation. The limited contributions are made in the development of classic Arabic short vowels dataset that hinder the development of speech recognition system to facilitate the learner during their Holy Quran learning process. Therefore, it is required to have a collection of audio classic Arabic datasets that can help speech recognition and mispronouncing detection of the classic Arabic speech. In this paper, we aim to collect the classical Arabic alphabet with short vowels. Short vowels are an essential part of the Arabic language. One word of the Arabic language consists of at least one or two short vowels. First, we start with requirement gathering for the classical Arabic short vowels. Our primary focus is to record and process the collected audio dataset. The first release of the audio dataset collected consists of 2892 Arabic alphabet short vowels. A significant effort is applied in preprocessing of the dataset consisting of 84 classes of the Arabic alphabet short vowels. Then, the dataset is tested using a sequential convolution neural network (CNN) on 312 phonemes of the collected Arabic Alphabet /a/ “Alif” with short vowels. The result shows that CNN gives high testing accuracy of 100% and a loss of 0.27.
The recent surge of social media networks has provided a channel to gather and publish vital medi... more The recent surge of social media networks has provided a channel to gather and publish vital medical and health information. The focal role of these networks has become more prominent in periods of crisis, such as the recent pandemic of COVID-19. These social networks have been the leading platform for broadcasting health news updates, precaution instructions, and governmental procedures. They also provide an effective means for gathering public opinion and tracking breaking events and stories. To achieve location-based analysis for social media input, the location information of the users must be captured. Most of the time, this information is either missing or hidden. For some languages, such as Arabic, the users’ location can be predicted from their dialects. The Arabic language has many local dialects for most Arab countries. Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques have provided several approaches for dialect identification. The recent advanced language models using context...
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications - AutomotiveUI '10, 2010
Tactile displays are an actively studied means to convey large amount of spatial information in t... more Tactile displays are an actively studied means to convey large amount of spatial information in the car. Their advantage compared to conventional car navigation systems is their ability to free the driver's visual and auditory senses. Previously the tactile displays were integrated into the seat of a car to present multiple direction information to the driver. However, in the commercial cars the seat is used to provide the vibro-tactile warning signals, so driver might not differentiate between navigation and warning information. Furthermore, the amount of information presented with tactile displays can cause significant cognitive workload, performance degradation and distraction to the driver. In this paper, we explore different methods of encoding multiple directions information with a tactile belt in the car. We compare the vibro-tactile presentation of spatial turn-by-turn information with a conventional car navigation system to measure cognitive workload, performance and distraction of the driver. We found that drivers showed better orientation performance on the tactile display than with the conventional car navigation system. At the same time there was no difference in cognitive workload, performance, and distraction. Thus, a tactile interface can be useful to present more information than simple left or right directions in high load driving conditions in which drivers are required to observe the traffic situation with their visual and auditory senses.
Proceedings of the 6th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction Extending Boundaries - NordiCHI '10, 2010
Visual and auditory displays successfully complement each other presenting information in car nav... more Visual and auditory displays successfully complement each other presenting information in car navigation systems. However, they distract the visual and auditory attention of the driver, which is needed in many primary driving tasks, such as maneuvering the car or observing the traffic. Tactile interfaces can form an alternative way to display spatial information. The way of how exactly information should be presented in a vibro-tactile way is explored rarely. In this paper we investigate three different designs of vibro-tactile stimulation to convey distance information to the driver using a tactile waist belt. We explore the tactile parameters intensity, rhythm, duration, and body location for encoding the distance information. We conduct a comparative experiment on a real navigation scenario in an urban environment to evaluate our designs. In our study we discovered that rhythm and duration are suitable parameters to generate tactile stimulation for encoding distance information. In this way the driver perceives countable vibro-tactile pulses, which indicate the distance in turn by turn instructions. The approach is found be simple way of encoding complex navigational information.
Abstract—Navigation systems have become a standard equipment in newer cars on the market. Drivers... more Abstract—Navigation systems have become a standard equipment in newer cars on the market. Drivers are getting used to the electronic map-based route guidance support and the friendly voice announcing the next turn. However, the number and complexity of assistance systems to support driving, navigation, infotainment, and entertainment increase continuously. Most of them require the driver to interact or at least to perceive the presented information and, thus, increase stress. From a safety and convenience perspective user interfaces in cars ...
Abstract Navigation systems have become a standard equipment in newer cars on the market. Drivers... more Abstract Navigation systems have become a standard equipment in newer cars on the market. Drivers are getting used to the electronic map-based route guidance support and the friendly voice announcing the next turn. However, the number and complexity of ...
Abreu, J., see Amft, O., Jan.--Mar. pp. 63-65. ... Amft, O., R. Medland, M. Foth, P. Petkov, J. A... more Abreu, J., see Amft, O., Jan.--Mar. pp. 63-65. ... Amft, O., R. Medland, M. Foth, P. Petkov, J. Abreu, FC Pereira, P. Johnson, R. Brewer, J. ... Pierce, and E. Paulos, "Smart Energy Systems," Jan.--Mar., pp. 63-65. ... Andre, E., "Experimental Methodology in Emotion-Oriented Computing," July--Sept., pp. 54-57. ... Asif, A., see Boll, S., July--Sept. pp. 35-42. ... Bailenson, J., see Jabon, M., Oct.--Dec. pp. 84-95. ... Barbeau, S., R. Perez, M. Labrador, A. Perez, P. Winters, and N. Georggi, "A Location-Aware ... Framework for Intelligent Real- ...
Tactile belts are an alternative display to present directional information in automobiles. We co... more Tactile belts are an alternative display to present directional information in automobiles. We conducted a user evaluation in a controlled environment to investigate the acceptability of tactile belts for that purpose and circumstances. A tactile belt, consisting of six vibrators was used for continuous direction presentation in a driving simulation. The simulation consisted of a video clip showing a recorded drive from the driver's viewpoint. This was synchronized with a tactile track providing tactile presentations of upcoming ...
Tactile displays are an actively studied means to convey large amount of spatial information in t... more Tactile displays are an actively studied means to convey large amount of spatial information in the car. Their advantage compared to con-ventional car navigation systems is their ability to free the driver’s visual and auditory senses. Previously the tactile displays were integrated into the seat of a car to present multiple direction in-formation to the driver. However, in the commercial cars the seat is used to provide the vibro-tactile warning signals, so driver might not differentiate between navigation and warning information. Fur-thermore, the amount of information presented with tactile displays can cause significant cognitive workload, performance degradation and distraction to the driver. In this paper, we explore different methods of encoding multiple directions information with a tac-tile belt in the car. We compare the vibro-tactile presentation of spatial turn-by-turn information with a conventional car navigation system to measure cognitive workload, performance and di...
oldenburg.de Tactile belts are an alternative display to present directional information in autom... more oldenburg.de Tactile belts are an alternative display to present directional information in automobiles. We conducted a user evaluation in a controlled environment to investigate the acceptability of tactile belts for that purpose and circumstances. A tac-tile belt, consisting of six vibrators was used for continuous direction presentation in a driving simulation. The simula-tion consisted of a video clip showing a recorded drive from the driver’s viewpoint. This was synchronized with a tac-tile track providing tactile presentations of upcoming turns through a tactile belt. Information regarding front direction, right or left turns was presented on participants ’ waist by activating appropriate vibrator(s). Factors of the Technol-ogy Acceptance Model (TAM)[1] have been evaluated with the help of questionnaires afterwards. The results show that tactile belts are acceptable by drivers for directional infor-mation.
A mispronunciation of Arabic short vowels can change the meaning of a complete sentence. For this... more A mispronunciation of Arabic short vowels can change the meaning of a complete sentence. For this reason, both the students and teachers of Classical Arabic (CA) are required extra practice for correcting students’ pronunciation of Arabic short vowels. That makes the teaching and learning task cumbersome for both parties. An intelligent process of students’ evaluation can make learning and teaching easier for both students and teachers. Given that online learning has become a norm these days, modern learning requires assessment by virtual teachers. In our case, the task is about recognizing the exact pronunciation of Arabic alphabets according to the standards. A major challenge in the recognition of precise pronunciation of Arabic alphabets is the correct identification of a large number of short vowels, which cannot be dealt with using traditional statistical audio processing techniques and machine learning models. Therefore, we developed a model that classifies Arabic short vowel...
Tomato production is affected by various threats, including pests, pathogens, and nutritional de ... more Tomato production is affected by various threats, including pests, pathogens, and nutritional de ciencies during its growth process. If control is not timely, these threats affect the plant-growth, fruit-yield, or even loss of the entire crop, which is a key danger to farmers' livelihood and food security. Traditional plant disease diagnosis methods heavily rely on plant pathologists that incur high processing time and huge cost. Rapid and cost-effective methods are essential for timely detection and early intervention of basic food threats to ensure food security and reduce substantial economic loss. Recent developments in Arti cial Intelligence (AI) and computer vision allow researchers to develop image-based automatic diagnostic tools to quickly and accurately detect diseases. In this work, we proposed an AI-based approach to detect diseases in tomato plants. Our goal is to develop an end-to-end system to diagnose essential crop problems in real-time, ensuring high accuracy. This paper employs various deep learning models to recognize and predict different diseases caused by pathogens, pests, and nutritional de ciencies. Various Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are trained on a large dataset of leaves and fruits images of tomato plants. We compared the performance of ShallowNet (a shallow network trained from scratch) and the state-of-theart deep learning network (models are ne-tuned via transfer learning). In our experiments, DenseNet consistently achieved high performance with an accuracy score of 95.31% on the test dataset. The results verify that deep learning models with the least number of parameters, reasonable complexity, and appropriate depth achieve the best performance. All experiments are implemented in Python, utilizing the Keras deep learning library backend with TensorFlow.
Visual and auditory displays complement each other in presenting turn-by-turn route information i... more Visual and auditory displays complement each other in presenting turn-by-turn route information in conventional car navigation systems, but may results in driver’s distraction from the primary driving task. In this thesis, we present a tactile car navigation system, which displays turn-by-turn instructions with a vibro-tactile waist belt exploiting a “free” sensory channel. We investigated different tactile parameters such as intensity, duration, and rhythm and designed information presentations for different types of crossings along the route. In different evaluations on urban roads we compared our tactile design with existing car navigation systems measuring performance and cognitive workload of the driver.
Social media postings are increasingly being used in modern days disaster management. Along with ... more Social media postings are increasingly being used in modern days disaster management. Along with the textual information, the contexts and cues inherent in the images posted on social media play an important role in identifying appropriate emergency responses to a particular disaster. In this paper, we proposed a disaster taxonomy of emergency response and used the same taxonomy with an emergency response pipeline together with deep-learning-based image classification and object identification algorithms to automate the emergency response decision-making process. We used the card sorting method to validate the completeness and correctness of the disaster taxonomy. We also used VGG-16 and You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithms to analyze disaster-related images and identify disaster types and relevant cues (such as objects that appeared in those images). Furthermore, using decision tables and applied analytic hierarchy processes (AHP), we aligned the intermediate outputs to map a disas...
This paper aims to improve warning signals of the existing drowsiness detection systems in terms ... more This paper aims to improve warning signals of the existing drowsiness detection systems in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. For this purpose, firstly, we exploit visual, audio and tactile modalities to discover the most suitable signal for alerting the car drivers in drowsiness detection systems. Secondly, the resultant signals are merged into various combinations to form multimodal warnings. From this, we got four different combinations. Furthermore, we have done an experimental evaluation in order to identify the most effective and efficient multimodal warnings for drowsiness detection systems. Results from our observational studies showed that the most suitable unimodal signals are as follows: (1) 40 ms on and 50 ms off the flashlight of smartphone for visual warning, (2) Apple iOS Ringtones-Alarm for the audio warning, and (3) 1 pulse in a second with 500 ms inter-stimulus interval for the vibrotactile warning. From the experimental study, we found that the most efficient ...
The pronunciation of the Arabic language is required all articulatory phonetics organs to formula... more The pronunciation of the Arabic language is required all articulatory phonetics organs to formulate the correct sounds of a word. It is challenging for non-native Arabic speakers to learn to recite the Holy Quran with correct “Tajweed” rules and pronunciation. The limited contributions are made in the development of classic Arabic short vowels dataset that hinder the development of speech recognition system to facilitate the learner during their Holy Quran learning process. Therefore, it is required to have a collection of audio classic Arabic datasets that can help speech recognition and mispronouncing detection of the classic Arabic speech. In this paper, we aim to collect the classical Arabic alphabet with short vowels. Short vowels are an essential part of the Arabic language. One word of the Arabic language consists of at least one or two short vowels. First, we start with requirement gathering for the classical Arabic short vowels. Our primary focus is to record and process th...
2021 International Conference of Women in Data Science at Taif University (WiDSTaif )
The pronunciation of the Arabic language is required all articulatory phonetics organs to formula... more The pronunciation of the Arabic language is required all articulatory phonetics organs to formulate the correct sounds of a word. It is challenging for non-native Arabic speakers to learn to recite the Holy Quran with correct “Tajweed” rules and pronunciation. The limited contributions are made in the development of classic Arabic short vowels dataset that hinder the development of speech recognition system to facilitate the learner during their Holy Quran learning process. Therefore, it is required to have a collection of audio classic Arabic datasets that can help speech recognition and mispronouncing detection of the classic Arabic speech. In this paper, we aim to collect the classical Arabic alphabet with short vowels. Short vowels are an essential part of the Arabic language. One word of the Arabic language consists of at least one or two short vowels. First, we start with requirement gathering for the classical Arabic short vowels. Our primary focus is to record and process the collected audio dataset. The first release of the audio dataset collected consists of 2892 Arabic alphabet short vowels. A significant effort is applied in preprocessing of the dataset consisting of 84 classes of the Arabic alphabet short vowels. Then, the dataset is tested using a sequential convolution neural network (CNN) on 312 phonemes of the collected Arabic Alphabet /a/ “Alif” with short vowels. The result shows that CNN gives high testing accuracy of 100% and a loss of 0.27.
The recent surge of social media networks has provided a channel to gather and publish vital medi... more The recent surge of social media networks has provided a channel to gather and publish vital medical and health information. The focal role of these networks has become more prominent in periods of crisis, such as the recent pandemic of COVID-19. These social networks have been the leading platform for broadcasting health news updates, precaution instructions, and governmental procedures. They also provide an effective means for gathering public opinion and tracking breaking events and stories. To achieve location-based analysis for social media input, the location information of the users must be captured. Most of the time, this information is either missing or hidden. For some languages, such as Arabic, the users’ location can be predicted from their dialects. The Arabic language has many local dialects for most Arab countries. Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques have provided several approaches for dialect identification. The recent advanced language models using context...
Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications - AutomotiveUI '10, 2010
Tactile displays are an actively studied means to convey large amount of spatial information in t... more Tactile displays are an actively studied means to convey large amount of spatial information in the car. Their advantage compared to conventional car navigation systems is their ability to free the driver's visual and auditory senses. Previously the tactile displays were integrated into the seat of a car to present multiple direction information to the driver. However, in the commercial cars the seat is used to provide the vibro-tactile warning signals, so driver might not differentiate between navigation and warning information. Furthermore, the amount of information presented with tactile displays can cause significant cognitive workload, performance degradation and distraction to the driver. In this paper, we explore different methods of encoding multiple directions information with a tactile belt in the car. We compare the vibro-tactile presentation of spatial turn-by-turn information with a conventional car navigation system to measure cognitive workload, performance and distraction of the driver. We found that drivers showed better orientation performance on the tactile display than with the conventional car navigation system. At the same time there was no difference in cognitive workload, performance, and distraction. Thus, a tactile interface can be useful to present more information than simple left or right directions in high load driving conditions in which drivers are required to observe the traffic situation with their visual and auditory senses.
Proceedings of the 6th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction Extending Boundaries - NordiCHI '10, 2010
Visual and auditory displays successfully complement each other presenting information in car nav... more Visual and auditory displays successfully complement each other presenting information in car navigation systems. However, they distract the visual and auditory attention of the driver, which is needed in many primary driving tasks, such as maneuvering the car or observing the traffic. Tactile interfaces can form an alternative way to display spatial information. The way of how exactly information should be presented in a vibro-tactile way is explored rarely. In this paper we investigate three different designs of vibro-tactile stimulation to convey distance information to the driver using a tactile waist belt. We explore the tactile parameters intensity, rhythm, duration, and body location for encoding the distance information. We conduct a comparative experiment on a real navigation scenario in an urban environment to evaluate our designs. In our study we discovered that rhythm and duration are suitable parameters to generate tactile stimulation for encoding distance information. In this way the driver perceives countable vibro-tactile pulses, which indicate the distance in turn by turn instructions. The approach is found be simple way of encoding complex navigational information.
Abstract—Navigation systems have become a standard equipment in newer cars on the market. Drivers... more Abstract—Navigation systems have become a standard equipment in newer cars on the market. Drivers are getting used to the electronic map-based route guidance support and the friendly voice announcing the next turn. However, the number and complexity of assistance systems to support driving, navigation, infotainment, and entertainment increase continuously. Most of them require the driver to interact or at least to perceive the presented information and, thus, increase stress. From a safety and convenience perspective user interfaces in cars ...
Abstract Navigation systems have become a standard equipment in newer cars on the market. Drivers... more Abstract Navigation systems have become a standard equipment in newer cars on the market. Drivers are getting used to the electronic map-based route guidance support and the friendly voice announcing the next turn. However, the number and complexity of ...
Abreu, J., see Amft, O., Jan.--Mar. pp. 63-65. ... Amft, O., R. Medland, M. Foth, P. Petkov, J. A... more Abreu, J., see Amft, O., Jan.--Mar. pp. 63-65. ... Amft, O., R. Medland, M. Foth, P. Petkov, J. Abreu, FC Pereira, P. Johnson, R. Brewer, J. ... Pierce, and E. Paulos, "Smart Energy Systems," Jan.--Mar., pp. 63-65. ... Andre, E., "Experimental Methodology in Emotion-Oriented Computing," July--Sept., pp. 54-57. ... Asif, A., see Boll, S., July--Sept. pp. 35-42. ... Bailenson, J., see Jabon, M., Oct.--Dec. pp. 84-95. ... Barbeau, S., R. Perez, M. Labrador, A. Perez, P. Winters, and N. Georggi, "A Location-Aware ... Framework for Intelligent Real- ...
Tactile belts are an alternative display to present directional information in automobiles. We co... more Tactile belts are an alternative display to present directional information in automobiles. We conducted a user evaluation in a controlled environment to investigate the acceptability of tactile belts for that purpose and circumstances. A tactile belt, consisting of six vibrators was used for continuous direction presentation in a driving simulation. The simulation consisted of a video clip showing a recorded drive from the driver's viewpoint. This was synchronized with a tactile track providing tactile presentations of upcoming ...
Tactile displays are an actively studied means to convey large amount of spatial information in t... more Tactile displays are an actively studied means to convey large amount of spatial information in the car. Their advantage compared to con-ventional car navigation systems is their ability to free the driver’s visual and auditory senses. Previously the tactile displays were integrated into the seat of a car to present multiple direction in-formation to the driver. However, in the commercial cars the seat is used to provide the vibro-tactile warning signals, so driver might not differentiate between navigation and warning information. Fur-thermore, the amount of information presented with tactile displays can cause significant cognitive workload, performance degradation and distraction to the driver. In this paper, we explore different methods of encoding multiple directions information with a tac-tile belt in the car. We compare the vibro-tactile presentation of spatial turn-by-turn information with a conventional car navigation system to measure cognitive workload, performance and di...
oldenburg.de Tactile belts are an alternative display to present directional information in autom... more oldenburg.de Tactile belts are an alternative display to present directional information in automobiles. We conducted a user evaluation in a controlled environment to investigate the acceptability of tactile belts for that purpose and circumstances. A tac-tile belt, consisting of six vibrators was used for continuous direction presentation in a driving simulation. The simula-tion consisted of a video clip showing a recorded drive from the driver’s viewpoint. This was synchronized with a tac-tile track providing tactile presentations of upcoming turns through a tactile belt. Information regarding front direction, right or left turns was presented on participants ’ waist by activating appropriate vibrator(s). Factors of the Technol-ogy Acceptance Model (TAM)[1] have been evaluated with the help of questionnaires afterwards. The results show that tactile belts are acceptable by drivers for directional infor-mation.
A mispronunciation of Arabic short vowels can change the meaning of a complete sentence. For this... more A mispronunciation of Arabic short vowels can change the meaning of a complete sentence. For this reason, both the students and teachers of Classical Arabic (CA) are required extra practice for correcting students’ pronunciation of Arabic short vowels. That makes the teaching and learning task cumbersome for both parties. An intelligent process of students’ evaluation can make learning and teaching easier for both students and teachers. Given that online learning has become a norm these days, modern learning requires assessment by virtual teachers. In our case, the task is about recognizing the exact pronunciation of Arabic alphabets according to the standards. A major challenge in the recognition of precise pronunciation of Arabic alphabets is the correct identification of a large number of short vowels, which cannot be dealt with using traditional statistical audio processing techniques and machine learning models. Therefore, we developed a model that classifies Arabic short vowel...
Tomato production is affected by various threats, including pests, pathogens, and nutritional de ... more Tomato production is affected by various threats, including pests, pathogens, and nutritional de ciencies during its growth process. If control is not timely, these threats affect the plant-growth, fruit-yield, or even loss of the entire crop, which is a key danger to farmers' livelihood and food security. Traditional plant disease diagnosis methods heavily rely on plant pathologists that incur high processing time and huge cost. Rapid and cost-effective methods are essential for timely detection and early intervention of basic food threats to ensure food security and reduce substantial economic loss. Recent developments in Arti cial Intelligence (AI) and computer vision allow researchers to develop image-based automatic diagnostic tools to quickly and accurately detect diseases. In this work, we proposed an AI-based approach to detect diseases in tomato plants. Our goal is to develop an end-to-end system to diagnose essential crop problems in real-time, ensuring high accuracy. This paper employs various deep learning models to recognize and predict different diseases caused by pathogens, pests, and nutritional de ciencies. Various Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are trained on a large dataset of leaves and fruits images of tomato plants. We compared the performance of ShallowNet (a shallow network trained from scratch) and the state-of-theart deep learning network (models are ne-tuned via transfer learning). In our experiments, DenseNet consistently achieved high performance with an accuracy score of 95.31% on the test dataset. The results verify that deep learning models with the least number of parameters, reasonable complexity, and appropriate depth achieve the best performance. All experiments are implemented in Python, utilizing the Keras deep learning library backend with TensorFlow.
Visual and auditory displays complement each other in presenting turn-by-turn route information i... more Visual and auditory displays complement each other in presenting turn-by-turn route information in conventional car navigation systems, but may results in driver’s distraction from the primary driving task. In this thesis, we present a tactile car navigation system, which displays turn-by-turn instructions with a vibro-tactile waist belt exploiting a “free” sensory channel. We investigated different tactile parameters such as intensity, duration, and rhythm and designed information presentations for different types of crossings along the route. In different evaluations on urban roads we compared our tactile design with existing car navigation systems measuring performance and cognitive workload of the driver.
Social media postings are increasingly being used in modern days disaster management. Along with ... more Social media postings are increasingly being used in modern days disaster management. Along with the textual information, the contexts and cues inherent in the images posted on social media play an important role in identifying appropriate emergency responses to a particular disaster. In this paper, we proposed a disaster taxonomy of emergency response and used the same taxonomy with an emergency response pipeline together with deep-learning-based image classification and object identification algorithms to automate the emergency response decision-making process. We used the card sorting method to validate the completeness and correctness of the disaster taxonomy. We also used VGG-16 and You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithms to analyze disaster-related images and identify disaster types and relevant cues (such as objects that appeared in those images). Furthermore, using decision tables and applied analytic hierarchy processes (AHP), we aligned the intermediate outputs to map a disas...
This paper aims to improve warning signals of the existing drowsiness detection systems in terms ... more This paper aims to improve warning signals of the existing drowsiness detection systems in terms of efficiency and effectiveness. For this purpose, firstly, we exploit visual, audio and tactile modalities to discover the most suitable signal for alerting the car drivers in drowsiness detection systems. Secondly, the resultant signals are merged into various combinations to form multimodal warnings. From this, we got four different combinations. Furthermore, we have done an experimental evaluation in order to identify the most effective and efficient multimodal warnings for drowsiness detection systems. Results from our observational studies showed that the most suitable unimodal signals are as follows: (1) 40 ms on and 50 ms off the flashlight of smartphone for visual warning, (2) Apple iOS Ringtones-Alarm for the audio warning, and (3) 1 pulse in a second with 500 ms inter-stimulus interval for the vibrotactile warning. From the experimental study, we found that the most efficient ...
The pronunciation of the Arabic language is required all articulatory phonetics organs to formula... more The pronunciation of the Arabic language is required all articulatory phonetics organs to formulate the correct sounds of a word. It is challenging for non-native Arabic speakers to learn to recite the Holy Quran with correct “Tajweed” rules and pronunciation. The limited contributions are made in the development of classic Arabic short vowels dataset that hinder the development of speech recognition system to facilitate the learner during their Holy Quran learning process. Therefore, it is required to have a collection of audio classic Arabic datasets that can help speech recognition and mispronouncing detection of the classic Arabic speech. In this paper, we aim to collect the classical Arabic alphabet with short vowels. Short vowels are an essential part of the Arabic language. One word of the Arabic language consists of at least one or two short vowels. First, we start with requirement gathering for the classical Arabic short vowels. Our primary focus is to record and process th...
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Papers by Amna Asif