Papers by Amitava Gangopadhyay
Phytoremediation of Parboiled Rice Mill Wastewater Using Water Lettuce (<i>Pistia Stratiotes</i>)
International Journal of Phytoremediation, Sep 5, 2014
ABSTRACT Phytoremediation is an emerging technology applied for treatment of wastewater. It is a ... more ABSTRACT Phytoremediation is an emerging technology applied for treatment of wastewater. It is a suitable option notably in developing countries as it is simple, sustainable and cost effective. In the present lab-based batch study the free floating aquatic plant water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) is used for treatment of parboiled rice mill wastewater having low pH, high chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen and phosphate. In raw rice mill wastewater (undiluted) growth of water lettuce is found to be inhibited. Later on, two different dilution approaches (raw and facultative pond effluent 1:1; raw and tap water 1:1) are applied in order to effectively use this technology. In all cases a control (without plant) is maintained to compare the performance with the Aquatic Plant based Treatment (APT) system. In the APT system results reveal that removal of soluble COD (SCOD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) and soluble phosphorus (sol. P) are upto 65%, 98%, 70% and 65% respectively. The study highlights the efficacy of water lettuce in removing organics and nutrients from parboiled rice mill wastewater.
Journal of International Environmental Application and Science, 2014
In India, unsystematic E-waste handling is a major challenge. Over last two decades, escalating g... more In India, unsystematic E-waste handling is a major challenge. Over last two decades, escalating generation rate, varying composition and unorganized recycling have made the E-waste handling a complicated practice. Hazardous metals and plastics are major issues and concern when E-wastes are mixed with municipal solid waste along with its haphazard dumping. A skillful management and planning is urgently required for systematic and scientific handling of E-waste.
In developing country like India E-waste management is being reckoned as a challenging task due t... more In developing country like India E-waste management is being reckoned as a challenging task due to unplanned discarding of E-waste along with municipal solid waste. A “systematic & scientific” trade chain of E-waste is essential to manage the present scenario both in terms of environmental protection and health perspective. The prevalence of informal E-waste handling in India has put forward several issues of concern (metals, plastic, informal recycling) that need to be addressed to protect environment and human health. One of the important aspects of current informal handling of E-waste is its recycling to minimize exposure level. However, it needs skillful protocol (formal handling) to ensure the implementation of policy. Legal frame work is another essential part that will also help in E-waste management even in grass root level. A comprehensive E-waste management plan is also needed to improve disposal practice (recycling, landfill, and reuse) to reduce the magnitude of exposure...
This paper presents different techniques suggested for cleaner production in three pharmaceutical... more This paper presents different techniques suggested for cleaner production in three pharmaceutical plants. The main focus of this paper is towards evaluation of source reduction and waste minimization. This paper also finds the various other possibilities to reuse the waste produced in the above-mentioned unit. All input materials, starting from raw materials, potable water, purified water, and water for injection and polyethylene granules are so quantified as to fix limit for all raw materials as 2.5 EU/ gm determined through Bacterial Endotoxin Test (BET). An extensive literature review presents different approaches made by leading pharmaceutical industries to save materials and to minimize wastes generated. Attempts to replace organic solvents by aqueous media have been proved to be successful in all respects. It is successfully experimented that in large volume parenterals industry a measure of endotoxin test at raw material stage, intermediate stage and finished stage could save...
Many pharmaceutical industries in India are concern of environment management through waste treat... more Many pharmaceutical industries in India are concern of environment management through waste treatment only, some are concern of environment management through waste treatment and minimization only, very few are concern of environment management through implementation of international standard ISO14001:2004 1 . This paper presents an analysis on implementation of environment management system following the requirements of ISO14001:2004 international standard and its impacts on a pharmaceutical industry of Kolkata, India. The main focus of this paper is the evaluation of achievement in waste management through implementation of ISO14001:2004, Environment management system (EMS) in a pharmaceutical formulation industry.
This paper highlights different techniques used for waste minimization in one of the units of a c... more This paper highlights different techniques used for waste minimization in one of the units of a chlor-alkali plant in Uttarpradesh, India. This paper points out various possibilities to reuse the waste produced in the above-mentioned unit. The main focus of this paper is on the evaluation of waste minimization at source due to process modification. The possible improvement of the treatment of effluent is also duly considered.
Scenario of future e-waste generation and recycle-reuse-landfill-based disposal pattern in India: a system dynamics approach
Environment, Development and Sustainability, 2016
The fundamental requirements of the e-waste management system are the forecasting of the future g... more The fundamental requirements of the e-waste management system are the forecasting of the future generation of e-waste and in situ planning to minimize the risk. The prediction analysis (a simulation exercise with base year 2012 and end year 2025) for several e-waste items (desktop, notebook, refrigerator, television and washing machine) reflects an increasing waste generation pattern. The present study deals with the prediction of e-waste generation and the percentage distribution of e-waste through different disposal pathways (landfill, second-hand market and recycling) based on the system dynamics approach (using STELLA software, version 8.0) for the purpose of improved management practice in near future in India. During the prediction of disposal options, the role, importance and functionality of various pathways are also critically analyzed. The simulation results indicate that the specific route of e-waste disposal will largely control the e-waste generation in India as informal sectors, in future, will solely utilize recycle and reuse pathways due to the economics of the specific components of the generated e-waste. On the other hand, the percentage of landfillable e-waste will decrease from 8.06 to 6.54 % within a decade (2012–2025). Finally, the study emphasizes on delineation of a well-composed guideline for policy orientation to protect the human health and environment, as e-waste items and their various components often emit toxic substances particularly during informal trade chain practices.
Phytoremediation of Parboiled Rice Mill Wastewater Using Water Lettuce (Pistia Stratiotes)
International Journal of Phytoremediation, 2014
ABSTRACT Phytoremediation is an emerging technology applied for treatment of wastewater. It is a ... more ABSTRACT Phytoremediation is an emerging technology applied for treatment of wastewater. It is a suitable option notably in developing countries as it is simple, sustainable and cost effective. In the present lab-based batch study the free floating aquatic plant water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) is used for treatment of parboiled rice mill wastewater having low pH, high chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen and phosphate. In raw rice mill wastewater (undiluted) growth of water lettuce is found to be inhibited. Later on, two different dilution approaches (raw and facultative pond effluent 1:1; raw and tap water 1:1) are applied in order to effectively use this technology. In all cases a control (without plant) is maintained to compare the performance with the Aquatic Plant based Treatment (APT) system. In the APT system results reveal that removal of soluble COD (SCOD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH4-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) and soluble phosphorus (sol. P) are upto 65%, 98%, 70% and 65% respectively. The study highlights the efficacy of water lettuce in removing organics and nutrients from parboiled rice mill wastewater.
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Papers by Amitava Gangopadhyay