arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 2019
The search for life in the universe is a major theme of astronomy and astrophysics for the next d... more The search for life in the universe is a major theme of astronomy and astrophysics for the next decade. Searches for technosignatures are complementary to searches for biosignatures, in that they offer an alternative path to discovery, and address the question of whether complex (i.e. technological) life exists elsewhere in the Galaxy. This approach has been endorsed in prior Decadal Reviews and National Academies reports, and yet the field still receives almost no federal support in the US. Because of this lack of support, searches for technosignatures, precisely the part of the search of greatest public interest, suffers from a very small pool of trained practitioners. A major source of this issue is institutional inertia at NASA, which avoids the topic as a result of decades-past political grandstanding, conflation of the effort with non-scientific topics such as UFOs, and confusion regarding the scope of the term "SETI." The Astro2020 Decadal should address this issue ...
2021 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE), 2021
I know the meaning of plagiarism and declare that all the work in the document, save for that whi... more I know the meaning of plagiarism and declare that all the work in the document, save for that which is properly acknowledged, is my own. This dissertation has been submitted to the Turnitin module (or equivalent similarity and originality checking software) and I confirm that my supervisor has seen my report and any concerns revealed by such have been resolved with my supervisor. This dissertation is being submitted for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering at the University of Cape Town. This work has not been submitted before for any other degree or examination in any other university.
Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases, 2018
Chikungunya infection has been a cause of countless deaths worldwide. Due to lack of permanent tr... more Chikungunya infection has been a cause of countless deaths worldwide. Due to lack of permanent treatment and prevention of this disease, the mortality rate remains very high. Therefore, we followed an immunoinformatics approach for the development of multi-epitope subunit vaccine which is able to elucidate humoral, cell-mediated and innate immune responses inside the host body. Both structural and non-structural proteins of chikungunya virus were utilized for prediction of B-cell and T-cell binding epitopes along with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) inducing epitopes. The vaccine construct is composed of β-defensin as an adjuvant at the N-terminal followed by Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes (CTL) and Helper T-Lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes. The same vaccine construct was also utilized for the prediction of B-cell binding epitopes and IFN-γ inducing epitopes. This was followed by the 3D model generation, refinement and validation of the vaccine construct. Later on, the interaction of modeled vaccine with th...
Dengue is considered as a major health issue which causes a number of deaths worldwide each year;... more Dengue is considered as a major health issue which causes a number of deaths worldwide each year; tropical countries are majorly affected by dengue outbreaks. It is considered as life threatening issue because, since many decades not a single effective approach for treatment and prevention of dengue has been developed. Therefore, to find new preventive measure, we used immunoinformatics approaches to develop a multi-epitope based subunit vaccine for dengue which can generate various immune responses inside the host. Different B-cell, TC cell, and TH cell binding epitopes were predicted for structural and non-structural proteins of dengue virus. Final vaccine constructs consisting of TC and TH cell epitopes and an adjuvant (β-defensin) at N-terminal of the construct. Presence of B-cell and IFN-γ inducing epitopes confirms the humoral and cell mediated immune response developed by designed vaccine. Designed vaccine was not found allergic and was potentially antigenic in nature. Modeli...
International Journal of Computer Applications, 2016
Cloud computing has bring a revolution in the field of computing. Many algorithms are proposed to... more Cloud computing has bring a revolution in the field of computing. Many algorithms are proposed to make it even more efficient. In cloud computing Virtualization plays an important role and whole performance of cloud depends on VM allocation and Migration. As lots of energy is consumed in this technology so algorithms to save energy and improve efficiency are proposed called Green algorithms. In this paper a green algorithm for VM Migration is proposed using meta-heuristic algorithm called ACO. The variant of ACO used in this paper is Max-Min Ant System. Results show that Max-Min Ant System gives best result as compared to other approaches in terms of VM Migrations, VM consolidation and energy consumptions.
Partial approximate gradient constellation for PAPR reduction in OFDM signals
International Journal of Systems, Control and Communications, 2016
In this paper, a combinational approach for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in orthogonal f... more In this paper, a combinational approach for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is proposed. The key idea of the proposed scheme is to apply partial ...
Fraud Detection and Control on ATMs, an Algorithm for Combating Cash and Fund Transfer
Banking sector has been a vital institution that contributes immensely to the sustainability and ... more Banking sector has been a vital institution that contributes immensely to the sustainability and maintenance of the economy in any country. The cases attributed to bank transaction can be negative when infused by intruders or fraudsters. This paper is poised at carefully analyzing the existing system of Electronic Fund Transfer through (EFT) ATM activities as regarding: - Cash withdrawal, fund transfer, password hacking, pin misplacement, and bio-technology. The paper will analyze various kinds of frauds and will try to propose an approach to help in solving and detecting frauds on ATM; thereby proposing a more sophisticated machine that will be able to accept the technologies of security. Fraudsters have untiring times making illegal moneys while the propose algorithm in this work will combat most efforts of illegalities regarding funds by electronic data processing (EDP) in the Banking sector; this will be achieved by data mining the bio-data though biometric combinational operati...
In healthy cell, inappropriate accumulation of poor or damaged proteins is prevented by cellular ... more In healthy cell, inappropriate accumulation of poor or damaged proteins is prevented by cellular quality control system. Autophagy and ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) provides regular cytoprotection against proteotoxicity induced by abnormal or disruptive proteins. E3 ubiquitin ligases are crucial components in this defense mechanism. Mahogunin Ring Finger-1 (MGRN1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase of the Really Interesting New Gene (RING) finger family, plays a pivotal role in many biological and cellular mechanisms. Previous findings indicate that lack of functions of MGRN1 can cause spongiform neurodegeneration, congenital heart defects, abnormal left-right patterning, and mitochondrial dysfunctions in mice brains. However, the detailed molecular pathomechanism of MGRN1 in cellular functions and diseases is not well known. This article comprehensively represents the molecular nature, characterization, and functions of MGRN1; we also summarize possible beneficiary aspects of this novel E3 ubiquitin ligase. Here, we review recent literature on the role of MGRN1 in the neuro-pathobiological mechanisms, with precise focus on the processes of neurodegeneration, and thereby propose new lines of potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Efficient and regular performance of Ubiquitin Proteasome System and Autophagy continuously elimi... more Efficient and regular performance of Ubiquitin Proteasome System and Autophagy continuously eliminate deleterious accumulation of nonnative protiens. In cellular quality control system, E3 ubiquitin ligases are significant employees for defense mechanism against abnormal toxic proteins. Few findings indicate that lack of functions of E3 ubiquitin ligases can be a causative factor of neurodevelopmental disorders, neurodegeneration, cancer and ageing. However, the detailed molecular pathomechanism implying E3 ubiquitin ligases in cellular functions in multifactorial disease conditions are not well understood. This article systematically represents the unique characteristics, molecular nature, and recent developments in the knowledge of neurobiological functions of few crucial E3 ubiquitin ligases. Here, we review recent literature on the roles of E6-AP, HRD1 and ITCH E3 ubiquitin ligases in the neuro-pathobiological mechanisms, with precise focus on the processes of neurodegeneration, and thereby propose new lines of potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss and need of blood transfusion in total knee arthroplasty: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study in Indian population
In this paper, a combinational method is proposed for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in or... more In this paper, a combinational method is proposed for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems using approximate gradientproject with null-subcarriers switching (AGP-NCS) scheme. The key idea of the proposed method is to generate a dynamically extended outer constellation points using AGP method with exploiting the concept of NCS process. The proposed method substantially reduces peakto-average power without sacrificing the bit error rate. Moreover, proposed scheme requires no channel side information during transmission, therefore shows no reduction in data rate. The simulation results of proposed method show a better performance when compared with other methods.
Effect of lipid matrix on repaglinide-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for oral delivery
Therapeutic Delivery, 2010
Aim: To study the effect of different types of lipid on the entrapment efficiency (EE) and physic... more Aim: To study the effect of different types of lipid on the entrapment efficiency (EE) and physical stability of repaglinide (RG)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). RG-loaded SLNs were prepared by modified solvent injection method using stearic acid (RSA), glycerol monosteratae (RGM), glyceryl behenate (RGB) and tristearin (RTS). Poloxamer F68 was used as a stabilizer. Results: SLNs were characterized by particle size, zeta-potential, EE, in vitro release, solid-state properties (differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction) and stability at 30°C/65% relative humidity for 3 months. The mean particle size and zeta-potential of RG-loaded SLNs prepared with different lipids in varying concentrations ranged from 150 to 355 nm and -21.04 ± 3.10 to -30.54 ± 2.76 mV, respectively. Conclusion: EE was found to vary with lipids in the following order: RSA < RGM < RGB < RTS. Tristearin-prepared SLNs showed a significant prolonged d...
Ubiquitin ligase ITCH recruitment suppresses the aggregation and cellular toxicity of cytoplasmic misfolded proteins
Scientific reports, Jan 28, 2014
The protein quality control (QC) system protects cells against cellular toxicity induced by misfo... more The protein quality control (QC) system protects cells against cellular toxicity induced by misfolded proteins and maintains overall cellular fitness. Inefficient clearance of or failure to degrade damaged proteins causes several diseases, especially age-linked neurodegenerative disorders. Attenuation of misfolded protein degradation under severe stress conditions leads to the rapid over-accumulation of toxic proteinaceous aggregates in the cytoplasmic compartment. However, the precise cytoplasmic quality control degradation mechanism is unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that the Nedd4-like E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH specifically interacts with mutant bona fide misfolded proteins and colocalizes with their perinuclear aggregates. In a cell culture model, we demonstrate ITCH recruitment by cytoplasmic inclusions containing polyglutamine-expanded huntingtin or ataxin-3 proteins. Transient overexpression of ITCH dramatically induced the degradation of thermally denatured misf...
Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals, Jan 17, 2014
Echocardiography in a 4-year-old boy with cyanosis since early childhood revealed double-outlet r... more Echocardiography in a 4-year-old boy with cyanosis since early childhood revealed double-outlet right ventricle, a subaortic ventricular septal defect, infundibular and valvular pulmonary stenosis, and good-sized pulmonary arteries. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed similar findings with a coronary sinus aneurysm measuring 3.7 3.27 3 cm (Figures 1, 2, and 3). At surgery, the findings were confirmed with L-malposed aorta and an aneurysmal sac from the floor of the coronary sinus. The opening between the aneurysmal sac and coronary sinus measured 4mm. There was no evidence of a left superior vena cava or anomalous drainage of the pulmonary veins to the coronary sinus. Because the right coronary artery crossed the right ventricular outflow tract, intracardiac repair was performed with a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit. The coronary sinus aneurysm was closed from inside and plicated from outside. The patient remained in sinus rhythm postoperatively and was doing well at follow-up.
Neonatal repair of common arterial trunk with intact ventricular septum
World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery, 2015
We report a rare case of common arterial trunk with intact ventricular septum, a large patent art... more We report a rare case of common arterial trunk with intact ventricular septum, a large patent arterial duct, and normally developed aortic arch. We discuss its possible embryology, emphasizing the phenotypic differences from aortopulmonary window, and describe our surgical management.
A rare variety of mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals, 2014
We describe a rare case of mixed supra- and infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connect... more We describe a rare case of mixed supra- and infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in a 2-month-old boy weighing 2.3 kg who was admitted with central cyanosis. Although the surgical repair was successful, the child died due to pulmonary hypertensive crisis.
Impact of the Doppler modulation on the range and Doppler processing in OFDM radar
2014 IEEE Radar Conference, 2014
ABSTRACT Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radar is highly appropriate in applica... more ABSTRACT Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radar is highly appropriate in applications where communication and radar functionalities are intended simultaneously. The same waveform and the same infrastructure are used, reducing hardware complexity. In this paper, we focus on the radar processing of a pulsed waveform, where the pulses are composed of several OFDM symbols. We derive a novel signal processing scheme that retrieves an estimate of the range and the radial velocity when the target is a point scatterer. Rather than a processing based on correlation functions we exploit the phases of the subcarriers and our knowledge of the phase codes. Then, we discuss the impact of the Doppler modulation within the individual pulses and we show how the use of identical sequences (IS) for the phase codes can mitigate the degradation of the retrieval in the range Doppler image. Lastly, we propose two alternative methods that retrieve an unambiguous estimate of the Doppler frequency.
UN has carried out 67 peacekeeping operations since 1948. Surprisingly, 54 of them have taken pla... more UN has carried out 67 peacekeeping operations since 1948. Surprisingly, 54 of them have taken place since 1988. As international relations are dominated by Great Powers to analyse their attitudes through peacekeeping after 1990, it can be clearly seen how realpolitik still shapes the political world. Peacekeeping was adopted during the Cold War as a substitute for collective security and in response to the stalemate between the Permanent Members of the Security Council. In practice, UN peace operations have developed as ad hoc responses to particular crises. Therefore the key concepts of traditional peacekeeping (consent, impartiality, minimum use of force) are often interpreted differently in different missions, broadening the way in which the international community understands what a threat to international peace is. Andersson (2000) asserts that the increasing number of peacekeeping operations after 1990 was due to a change from realpolitik to idealpolitik. UN Secretary-General Boutros-Ghali reflected in his document Agenda for Peace the same universalist and communitarian approach; and has declared the commitment to the primacy of values over interests in the international community. The egoistic passions and self-interests of Great Powers who are the permanent members of Security Council have motivated the increasing number of UN peacekeeping operations after 1990. The proposed paper will try to explore such a paradigm shift in the UN Peacekeeping operation.
Development of polymeric nanoparticles with highly entrapped herbal hydrophilic drug using nanoprecipitation technique: an approach of quality by design
The UBE3A/E6-AP is known to function both as an E3 ubiquitin ligase of the ubiquitin proteasome s... more The UBE3A/E6-AP is known to function both as an E3 ubiquitin ligase of the ubiquitin proteasome system and as a transcriptional coactivator. E6-AP shows brain-specific imprinting and loss of function of maternally inherited E6-AP causes Angelman syndrome. However, how the loss of function of E6-AP causes disease pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we show that E6-AP interacts with and promotes proteasomemediated degradation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27. E6-AP also directly ubiquitinates p27 in an in vitro ubiquitination assay. Partial knockdown of E6-AP increases the level of p27 leading to cell cycle arrest. Interestingly, partial knockdown also increases the transcription of p27. Finally, we have demonstrated the increased levels of p27 in E6-AP-maternal-deficient and null mice brain. Our result suggests that E6-AP not only enhances the degradation but also regulates the expression of p27 and its loss of function in Angelman syndrome might cause cell cycle alteration leading to disease pathogenesis.
arXiv: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 2019
The search for life in the universe is a major theme of astronomy and astrophysics for the next d... more The search for life in the universe is a major theme of astronomy and astrophysics for the next decade. Searches for technosignatures are complementary to searches for biosignatures, in that they offer an alternative path to discovery, and address the question of whether complex (i.e. technological) life exists elsewhere in the Galaxy. This approach has been endorsed in prior Decadal Reviews and National Academies reports, and yet the field still receives almost no federal support in the US. Because of this lack of support, searches for technosignatures, precisely the part of the search of greatest public interest, suffers from a very small pool of trained practitioners. A major source of this issue is institutional inertia at NASA, which avoids the topic as a result of decades-past political grandstanding, conflation of the effort with non-scientific topics such as UFOs, and confusion regarding the scope of the term "SETI." The Astro2020 Decadal should address this issue ...
2021 International Conference on Electrical, Communication, and Computer Engineering (ICECCE), 2021
I know the meaning of plagiarism and declare that all the work in the document, save for that whi... more I know the meaning of plagiarism and declare that all the work in the document, save for that which is properly acknowledged, is my own. This dissertation has been submitted to the Turnitin module (or equivalent similarity and originality checking software) and I confirm that my supervisor has seen my report and any concerns revealed by such have been resolved with my supervisor. This dissertation is being submitted for the degree of Master of Science in Electrical Engineering at the University of Cape Town. This work has not been submitted before for any other degree or examination in any other university.
Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases, 2018
Chikungunya infection has been a cause of countless deaths worldwide. Due to lack of permanent tr... more Chikungunya infection has been a cause of countless deaths worldwide. Due to lack of permanent treatment and prevention of this disease, the mortality rate remains very high. Therefore, we followed an immunoinformatics approach for the development of multi-epitope subunit vaccine which is able to elucidate humoral, cell-mediated and innate immune responses inside the host body. Both structural and non-structural proteins of chikungunya virus were utilized for prediction of B-cell and T-cell binding epitopes along with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) inducing epitopes. The vaccine construct is composed of β-defensin as an adjuvant at the N-terminal followed by Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes (CTL) and Helper T-Lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes. The same vaccine construct was also utilized for the prediction of B-cell binding epitopes and IFN-γ inducing epitopes. This was followed by the 3D model generation, refinement and validation of the vaccine construct. Later on, the interaction of modeled vaccine with th...
Dengue is considered as a major health issue which causes a number of deaths worldwide each year;... more Dengue is considered as a major health issue which causes a number of deaths worldwide each year; tropical countries are majorly affected by dengue outbreaks. It is considered as life threatening issue because, since many decades not a single effective approach for treatment and prevention of dengue has been developed. Therefore, to find new preventive measure, we used immunoinformatics approaches to develop a multi-epitope based subunit vaccine for dengue which can generate various immune responses inside the host. Different B-cell, TC cell, and TH cell binding epitopes were predicted for structural and non-structural proteins of dengue virus. Final vaccine constructs consisting of TC and TH cell epitopes and an adjuvant (β-defensin) at N-terminal of the construct. Presence of B-cell and IFN-γ inducing epitopes confirms the humoral and cell mediated immune response developed by designed vaccine. Designed vaccine was not found allergic and was potentially antigenic in nature. Modeli...
International Journal of Computer Applications, 2016
Cloud computing has bring a revolution in the field of computing. Many algorithms are proposed to... more Cloud computing has bring a revolution in the field of computing. Many algorithms are proposed to make it even more efficient. In cloud computing Virtualization plays an important role and whole performance of cloud depends on VM allocation and Migration. As lots of energy is consumed in this technology so algorithms to save energy and improve efficiency are proposed called Green algorithms. In this paper a green algorithm for VM Migration is proposed using meta-heuristic algorithm called ACO. The variant of ACO used in this paper is Max-Min Ant System. Results show that Max-Min Ant System gives best result as compared to other approaches in terms of VM Migrations, VM consolidation and energy consumptions.
Partial approximate gradient constellation for PAPR reduction in OFDM signals
International Journal of Systems, Control and Communications, 2016
In this paper, a combinational approach for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in orthogonal f... more In this paper, a combinational approach for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is proposed. The key idea of the proposed scheme is to apply partial ...
Fraud Detection and Control on ATMs, an Algorithm for Combating Cash and Fund Transfer
Banking sector has been a vital institution that contributes immensely to the sustainability and ... more Banking sector has been a vital institution that contributes immensely to the sustainability and maintenance of the economy in any country. The cases attributed to bank transaction can be negative when infused by intruders or fraudsters. This paper is poised at carefully analyzing the existing system of Electronic Fund Transfer through (EFT) ATM activities as regarding: - Cash withdrawal, fund transfer, password hacking, pin misplacement, and bio-technology. The paper will analyze various kinds of frauds and will try to propose an approach to help in solving and detecting frauds on ATM; thereby proposing a more sophisticated machine that will be able to accept the technologies of security. Fraudsters have untiring times making illegal moneys while the propose algorithm in this work will combat most efforts of illegalities regarding funds by electronic data processing (EDP) in the Banking sector; this will be achieved by data mining the bio-data though biometric combinational operati...
In healthy cell, inappropriate accumulation of poor or damaged proteins is prevented by cellular ... more In healthy cell, inappropriate accumulation of poor or damaged proteins is prevented by cellular quality control system. Autophagy and ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) provides regular cytoprotection against proteotoxicity induced by abnormal or disruptive proteins. E3 ubiquitin ligases are crucial components in this defense mechanism. Mahogunin Ring Finger-1 (MGRN1), an E3 ubiquitin ligase of the Really Interesting New Gene (RING) finger family, plays a pivotal role in many biological and cellular mechanisms. Previous findings indicate that lack of functions of MGRN1 can cause spongiform neurodegeneration, congenital heart defects, abnormal left-right patterning, and mitochondrial dysfunctions in mice brains. However, the detailed molecular pathomechanism of MGRN1 in cellular functions and diseases is not well known. This article comprehensively represents the molecular nature, characterization, and functions of MGRN1; we also summarize possible beneficiary aspects of this novel E3 ubiquitin ligase. Here, we review recent literature on the role of MGRN1 in the neuro-pathobiological mechanisms, with precise focus on the processes of neurodegeneration, and thereby propose new lines of potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Efficient and regular performance of Ubiquitin Proteasome System and Autophagy continuously elimi... more Efficient and regular performance of Ubiquitin Proteasome System and Autophagy continuously eliminate deleterious accumulation of nonnative protiens. In cellular quality control system, E3 ubiquitin ligases are significant employees for defense mechanism against abnormal toxic proteins. Few findings indicate that lack of functions of E3 ubiquitin ligases can be a causative factor of neurodevelopmental disorders, neurodegeneration, cancer and ageing. However, the detailed molecular pathomechanism implying E3 ubiquitin ligases in cellular functions in multifactorial disease conditions are not well understood. This article systematically represents the unique characteristics, molecular nature, and recent developments in the knowledge of neurobiological functions of few crucial E3 ubiquitin ligases. Here, we review recent literature on the roles of E6-AP, HRD1 and ITCH E3 ubiquitin ligases in the neuro-pathobiological mechanisms, with precise focus on the processes of neurodegeneration, and thereby propose new lines of potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
Tranexamic acid reduces blood loss and need of blood transfusion in total knee arthroplasty: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study in Indian population
In this paper, a combinational method is proposed for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in or... more In this paper, a combinational method is proposed for peak-to-average power ratio reduction in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems using approximate gradientproject with null-subcarriers switching (AGP-NCS) scheme. The key idea of the proposed method is to generate a dynamically extended outer constellation points using AGP method with exploiting the concept of NCS process. The proposed method substantially reduces peakto-average power without sacrificing the bit error rate. Moreover, proposed scheme requires no channel side information during transmission, therefore shows no reduction in data rate. The simulation results of proposed method show a better performance when compared with other methods.
Effect of lipid matrix on repaglinide-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for oral delivery
Therapeutic Delivery, 2010
Aim: To study the effect of different types of lipid on the entrapment efficiency (EE) and physic... more Aim: To study the effect of different types of lipid on the entrapment efficiency (EE) and physical stability of repaglinide (RG)-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). RG-loaded SLNs were prepared by modified solvent injection method using stearic acid (RSA), glycerol monosteratae (RGM), glyceryl behenate (RGB) and tristearin (RTS). Poloxamer F68 was used as a stabilizer. Results: SLNs were characterized by particle size, zeta-potential, EE, in vitro release, solid-state properties (differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction) and stability at 30°C/65% relative humidity for 3 months. The mean particle size and zeta-potential of RG-loaded SLNs prepared with different lipids in varying concentrations ranged from 150 to 355 nm and -21.04 ± 3.10 to -30.54 ± 2.76 mV, respectively. Conclusion: EE was found to vary with lipids in the following order: RSA < RGM < RGB < RTS. Tristearin-prepared SLNs showed a significant prolonged d...
Ubiquitin ligase ITCH recruitment suppresses the aggregation and cellular toxicity of cytoplasmic misfolded proteins
Scientific reports, Jan 28, 2014
The protein quality control (QC) system protects cells against cellular toxicity induced by misfo... more The protein quality control (QC) system protects cells against cellular toxicity induced by misfolded proteins and maintains overall cellular fitness. Inefficient clearance of or failure to degrade damaged proteins causes several diseases, especially age-linked neurodegenerative disorders. Attenuation of misfolded protein degradation under severe stress conditions leads to the rapid over-accumulation of toxic proteinaceous aggregates in the cytoplasmic compartment. However, the precise cytoplasmic quality control degradation mechanism is unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that the Nedd4-like E3 ubiquitin ligase ITCH specifically interacts with mutant bona fide misfolded proteins and colocalizes with their perinuclear aggregates. In a cell culture model, we demonstrate ITCH recruitment by cytoplasmic inclusions containing polyglutamine-expanded huntingtin or ataxin-3 proteins. Transient overexpression of ITCH dramatically induced the degradation of thermally denatured misf...
Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals, Jan 17, 2014
Echocardiography in a 4-year-old boy with cyanosis since early childhood revealed double-outlet r... more Echocardiography in a 4-year-old boy with cyanosis since early childhood revealed double-outlet right ventricle, a subaortic ventricular septal defect, infundibular and valvular pulmonary stenosis, and good-sized pulmonary arteries. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed similar findings with a coronary sinus aneurysm measuring 3.7 3.27 3 cm (Figures 1, 2, and 3). At surgery, the findings were confirmed with L-malposed aorta and an aneurysmal sac from the floor of the coronary sinus. The opening between the aneurysmal sac and coronary sinus measured 4mm. There was no evidence of a left superior vena cava or anomalous drainage of the pulmonary veins to the coronary sinus. Because the right coronary artery crossed the right ventricular outflow tract, intracardiac repair was performed with a right ventricle-to-pulmonary artery conduit. The coronary sinus aneurysm was closed from inside and plicated from outside. The patient remained in sinus rhythm postoperatively and was doing well at follow-up.
Neonatal repair of common arterial trunk with intact ventricular septum
World journal for pediatric & congenital heart surgery, 2015
We report a rare case of common arterial trunk with intact ventricular septum, a large patent art... more We report a rare case of common arterial trunk with intact ventricular septum, a large patent arterial duct, and normally developed aortic arch. We discuss its possible embryology, emphasizing the phenotypic differences from aortopulmonary window, and describe our surgical management.
A rare variety of mixed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Asian cardiovascular & thoracic annals, 2014
We describe a rare case of mixed supra- and infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connect... more We describe a rare case of mixed supra- and infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection in a 2-month-old boy weighing 2.3 kg who was admitted with central cyanosis. Although the surgical repair was successful, the child died due to pulmonary hypertensive crisis.
Impact of the Doppler modulation on the range and Doppler processing in OFDM radar
2014 IEEE Radar Conference, 2014
ABSTRACT Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radar is highly appropriate in applica... more ABSTRACT Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) radar is highly appropriate in applications where communication and radar functionalities are intended simultaneously. The same waveform and the same infrastructure are used, reducing hardware complexity. In this paper, we focus on the radar processing of a pulsed waveform, where the pulses are composed of several OFDM symbols. We derive a novel signal processing scheme that retrieves an estimate of the range and the radial velocity when the target is a point scatterer. Rather than a processing based on correlation functions we exploit the phases of the subcarriers and our knowledge of the phase codes. Then, we discuss the impact of the Doppler modulation within the individual pulses and we show how the use of identical sequences (IS) for the phase codes can mitigate the degradation of the retrieval in the range Doppler image. Lastly, we propose two alternative methods that retrieve an unambiguous estimate of the Doppler frequency.
UN has carried out 67 peacekeeping operations since 1948. Surprisingly, 54 of them have taken pla... more UN has carried out 67 peacekeeping operations since 1948. Surprisingly, 54 of them have taken place since 1988. As international relations are dominated by Great Powers to analyse their attitudes through peacekeeping after 1990, it can be clearly seen how realpolitik still shapes the political world. Peacekeeping was adopted during the Cold War as a substitute for collective security and in response to the stalemate between the Permanent Members of the Security Council. In practice, UN peace operations have developed as ad hoc responses to particular crises. Therefore the key concepts of traditional peacekeeping (consent, impartiality, minimum use of force) are often interpreted differently in different missions, broadening the way in which the international community understands what a threat to international peace is. Andersson (2000) asserts that the increasing number of peacekeeping operations after 1990 was due to a change from realpolitik to idealpolitik. UN Secretary-General Boutros-Ghali reflected in his document Agenda for Peace the same universalist and communitarian approach; and has declared the commitment to the primacy of values over interests in the international community. The egoistic passions and self-interests of Great Powers who are the permanent members of Security Council have motivated the increasing number of UN peacekeeping operations after 1990. The proposed paper will try to explore such a paradigm shift in the UN Peacekeeping operation.
Development of polymeric nanoparticles with highly entrapped herbal hydrophilic drug using nanoprecipitation technique: an approach of quality by design
The UBE3A/E6-AP is known to function both as an E3 ubiquitin ligase of the ubiquitin proteasome s... more The UBE3A/E6-AP is known to function both as an E3 ubiquitin ligase of the ubiquitin proteasome system and as a transcriptional coactivator. E6-AP shows brain-specific imprinting and loss of function of maternally inherited E6-AP causes Angelman syndrome. However, how the loss of function of E6-AP causes disease pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here, we show that E6-AP interacts with and promotes proteasomemediated degradation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27. E6-AP also directly ubiquitinates p27 in an in vitro ubiquitination assay. Partial knockdown of E6-AP increases the level of p27 leading to cell cycle arrest. Interestingly, partial knockdown also increases the transcription of p27. Finally, we have demonstrated the increased levels of p27 in E6-AP-maternal-deficient and null mice brain. Our result suggests that E6-AP not only enhances the degradation but also regulates the expression of p27 and its loss of function in Angelman syndrome might cause cell cycle alteration leading to disease pathogenesis.
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Papers by Amit ᭄᭄ Mishra