Esta adenda incluye los resultados del segundo año del monitoreo post-construcción de dos parques... more Esta adenda incluye los resultados del segundo año del monitoreo post-construcción de dos parques eólicos en el Valle del Ebro en la provincia de Zaragoza, además de hacer una corrección a nuestro trabajo anterior. En 2021 detectamos 168 colisiones de murciélagos entre marzo y octubre, lo que representa un descenso del 46.2% respecto al año 2020. Se encontraron tres especies más colisionada, el murciélago rabudo Tadarida teniotis, el murciélago de cueva Miniopterus schreibersii y el nóctulo pequeño Nyctalus leisleri. Empleando las tasas de detectabilidad anteriores de 0,2 y 0,4 y los valores de 3,46 y 6,97 días como tasas de permanencia de los cadáveres y frecuencia entre visitas respectivamente, la estima de siniestralidad fueron de 188-751 murciélagos (17,06-68,26 murciélagos/aero/año, equivalentes a 5,84-23,35 murciélagos/ MW/año). Estos resultados se solapan ligeramente con los obtenidos en 2020. Por ello, concluimos que el descenso de siniestralidad observado puede no ser real....
Este trabajo analiza la siniestralidad de murciélagos (27,09 ae/año) y aves (10,09 ae/ año) en do... more Este trabajo analiza la siniestralidad de murciélagos (27,09 ae/año) y aves (10,09 ae/ año) en dos parques eólicos de cinco y seis aerogeneradores en Aragón a lo largo de un ciclo anual en el Valle del Ebro. Comparamos los resultados de este estudio con los del promotor, profundizando en los errores de detectabilidad y tasa de permanencia asociados que afectan a la estima de mortalidad. Se identificaron cinco especies Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus pygmaeus y Pipistrellus kuhlii, Eptesicus serotinus e Hypsugo savii que colisionaron principalmente entre junio y octubre. La mortalidad anual de quirópteros se estimó entre 388-5.460 ejemplares al año, una de las mayores mortalidades detectadas a nivel mundial. A pesar de ser especies comunes de distribución amplia el impacto cuantitativo no es asumible. Con las conclusiones obtenidas del Plan de Vigilancia Ambiental (PVA) no se evaluaron correctamente los impactos que pasaron desapercibidos por la utilización errónea de la meto...
Se ha revisado la presencia pasada y actual de los buitres leonado, negro, alimoche y quebrantahu... more Se ha revisado la presencia pasada y actual de los buitres leonado, negro, alimoche y quebrantahuesos en islas del Mediterraneo y se describe el proceso de colonizacion y asentamiento en Mallorca del buitre leonado desde 2008. De las cuatro especies de buitres las mayores poblaciones de buitre leonado estan en Creta (Grecia) y Cres (Croacia). Las Baleares acogen las mejores y casi unicas poblaciones de Buitre negro (solo presente en Mallorca) y Alimoche (existe ademas una pequenisima poblacion en Sicilia) mientras el Quebrantahuesos apenas cuenta con una veintena de parejas entre Creta y Corcega conjuntamente. El proceso de colonizacion de Mallorca por el buitre leonado fue singular, favorecido por fuertes vientos del suroeste que empujaron a cientos de aves juveniles en migracion desde la Peninsula Iberica. La observacion de un buitre marcado secuencialmente y en escaso tiempo en Murcia y dias despues en Mallorca permitio determinar el origen de estas aves. A los cuatro anos de ase...
Solar energy is a promising alternative to reduce South Africa's dependency on electricity genera... more Solar energy is a promising alternative to reduce South Africa's dependency on electricity generation from fossil fuels, since the country has one of the world's most favourable solar energy regimes. Utilityscale solar energy developments can impact bird communities through habitat loss and collision mortality, but there are few studies of the impacts of utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) facilities on birds. This study reports how one of South Africa's largest PV facilities (96 MW, 180 ha) has altered bird communities and assesses the risk of avian collision mortality. Bird species richness and density within the PV facility (38 species, 1.80 ± 0.50 birds$ha À1) tended to be lower than the boundary zone (50 species, 2.63 ± 0.86 birds$ha À1) and adjacent untransformed land (47 species, 2.57 ± 0.86 birds$ha À1). Only eight fatalities were detected during 3 months of surveys of the solar field for bird carcasses and other signs of collisions. The extrapolated mortality for the facility was 435 (95% CI 133e805) birds per year (4.5 bird fatalities$MW À1 $yr À1 ; 95% CI, 1.5e8.5). No threatened species were impacted by the PV facility, but further data are required to better understand the risk of PV solar energy developments on birds.
The establishment of vulture restaurants has been considered a useful conservation tool for prese... more The establishment of vulture restaurants has been considered a useful conservation tool for preserving vulture populations. Since the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy or "mad-cow" disease (BSE hereafter) appeared in Spain (to date 277 cattle affected and increasing) leaving carcasses in the fields for vultures was strictly banned. During 2001-2002, the Spanish Government removed around 305,000 carcasses per year from the fields/farms (0.58% of the National Livestock census). Results of the Surveillance Plan against BSE on removing carcasses have been unequal by region. Only La Rioja Province has managed a good carcass removal program that destroyed 48,025 and 31,277 carcasses in 2001 and 2002 respectively. Anyway, since BSE appeared vulture species in Spain have enough food available. The effect of the corpse removal programme on the breeding success of vulture populations inhabiting large areas of Spain has been analysed. The study area accounted for 84% of Griffon, 50% of Cinereous, 51% of Egyptian and 100% of Bearded Vulture populations. The Bearded Vulture is the only species having a well-established-protection and managedfeeding program. For the rest of species, although there are protected breeding areas, there is not enough protection of feeding places. The National Royal Decree approved in November 2002 and subsequent European regulations do not take into account the extensive grazing management nor the use of ruminant species for feeding vultures. Agreement between biologists and veterinarians is urgent needed in order to balance livestock rearing techniques and carcass availability for vultures.
Spain holds the most important Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus population in the Western Palearctic (... more Spain holds the most important Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus population in the Western Palearctic (more than 17,000 breeding pairs in 1999). A review of current research and conservation measures in the country is provided. The breeding population is still increasing. However, some density-dependent regulation is possibly taking place in some areas, where breeding success seems to be decreasing. In contrast, food availability does not seem to constrain the population and does not determine the Griffon Vulture's distribution in Spain. A common and illegal practice of leaving carcasses in the field or at traditional feeding sites called inuladares has supplemented the birds' dietary requirements. Some old regulations established by the Government in the 1950s were mostly overlooked by shepherds. Since 1973 ca. 5,000 Griffon Vultures have been ringed with metal rings and ca. 1,000 have been ringed with Darvic plastic rings. Resightings and recoveries of ringed birds have provided some information about the migratory routes of Griffon Vultures within Spain and Africa. However, the migratory movements are still not well known and the wintering areas in Africa and Spain still need to be identified. The use of satellite-transmitters is urgently needed in order to highlight many aspects of the species' ecology. Human-induced threats (e.g. egg collecting, disturbance at breeding colonies, shooting and poisoning) have been reduced through the implementation of national legislation and the protection of colonies. Most of the birds admitted to rehabilitation centres are malnourished and weak. A high percentage of them are released. A serious resurgence of poison incidents has been noticed since 2000, as compared with the preceding ten-year-period. New threats have arisen in recent years, including the impact of windfarms and attacks by vultures on livestock. Serious studies regarding the impact of windfarms on avian populations are lacking. Attacks on livestock occur as the animals are generally too weak to protect themselves.
Información del artículo Comparación de tres técnicas de censo en una población de ciervo ("... more Información del artículo Comparación de tres técnicas de censo en una población de ciervo ("Cervus elaphus" L.) de las montañas del Sistema Ibérico.
The effects of supplemental feeding on Eurasian Griffon range from increased survival and reprodu... more The effects of supplemental feeding on Eurasian Griffon range from increased survival and reproduction to population recoveries. In 2000, the appearance of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in Europe resulted in the implementation of the 1774/2002 regulation that required carcass removal and incineration at processing plants within the European Union and resulted in an immediate reduction of food availability for scavengers. We wished to evaluate the effect of the implementation of the reduced food availability on the scavenging Eurasian Griffon population. The study was conducted in La Rioja province (northern Spain). Eurasian Griffon fledglings are regularly brought to a rehabilitation center and can help evaluate the changes in nutritional condition before and after the enactment of the BSE regulations. A total of 47 first year griffons were sampled. Ptilochronology was applied to the rectrices, growth bars that are grown during the fledgling period were counted among nestlings before and after implementation of the EU-BSE directives. We found that the width of the growth bars, that represent the nutritional condition of the bird, showed significant differences over time. The growth bars before the implementation of the BSE EU-directives were significantly narrower than the subsequent period wherein carcasses were greatly reduced. The frequency of fault bars showed trends opposite to those of growth bars and there were significantly more fault bars in the pre-removal implementation period than the post-removal period. In conclusion, we consider this to be a result wherein the local adults with fidelity to their breeding colonies remained in the area while the non-breeding sub-adults and floaters have strayed in search of food. This has resulted in reduced inter-and intra-specific competition and only adults in good body condition breed resulting in healthier fledglings.
Diclofenac (NSAID) for veterinary use, the same that previously reduced south Asian Gyps vulture ... more Diclofenac (NSAID) for veterinary use, the same that previously reduced south Asian Gyps vulture populations by nearly 99% in the late 1990s, was approved in Spain in 2013 for cattle, swine and horses. We assessed its availability and the potential exposure to European Griffon Gyps fulvus, Cinereous Aegypius monachus, Egyptian Neophron percnopterus and Bearded vultures Gypaetus barbatus in Spain. In 2014, a telephone questionnaire to 1073 official pharmaceutical distributers (POS) found 230 responses and 82 were currently selling diclofenac. The preliminary assessment for Spain showed a widespread exposure to diclofenac that extends across 275,391 km 2 , i.e. 54% of the territory. Diclofenac availability is related to livestock densities and certain rearing practices, especially cattle and extensive swine farming, but not with horse farms. Livestock farming carcass disposal practices and subsequent carcass availability to vultures are of concern when controlling for diclofenac potential use and residues in corpses. Overlap of diclofenac exposure with vulture distribution ranges and population sizes per region were highest for Cinereous Vulture (88% and 73% overlap with range and population size respectively), 62/56% for the Egyptian Vulture, 58/57% for the Griffon and 42/36% for the Bearded Vultures. Ensuring the safety of carcasses consumed by vultures with specific tests for NSAIDs and their use in farming practices is required.
Solar energy is a promising alternative to reduce South Africa's dependency on electricity genera... more Solar energy is a promising alternative to reduce South Africa's dependency on electricity generation from fossil fuels, since the country has one of the world's most favourable solar energy regimes. Utility-scale solar energy developments can impact bird communities through habitat loss and collision mortality , but there are few studies of the impacts of utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) facilities on birds. This study reports how one of South Africa's largest PV facilities (96 MW, 180 ha) has altered bird communities and assesses the risk of avian collision mortality. Bird species richness and density within the PV facility (38 species, 1.80 ± 0.50 birds$ha À1) tended to be lower than the boundary zone (50 species, 2.63 ± 0.86 birds$ha À1) and adjacent untransformed land (47 species, 2.57 ± 0.86 birds$ha À1). Only eight fatalities were detected during 3 months of surveys of the solar field for bird carcasses and other signs of collisions. The extrapolated mortality for the facility was 435 (95% CI 133e805) birds per year (4.5 bird fatalities$MW À1 $yr À1 ; 95% CI, 1.5e8.5). No threatened species were impacted by the PV facility, but further data are required to better understand the risk of PV solar energy developments on birds.
RESUMEN El presente trabajo recoge la información acumulada durante el período comprendido entre ... more RESUMEN El presente trabajo recoge la información acumulada durante el período comprendido entre 1986 y 1990, ambos inclusive, sobre 38 especies de mamíferos en una 2ana del Suroeste riojano que compren de el tramo más aleo del río NajerilJa y ...
Esta adenda incluye los resultados del segundo año del monitoreo post-construcción de dos parques... more Esta adenda incluye los resultados del segundo año del monitoreo post-construcción de dos parques eólicos en el Valle del Ebro en la provincia de Zaragoza, además de hacer una corrección a nuestro trabajo anterior. En 2021 detectamos 168 colisiones de murciélagos entre marzo y octubre, lo que representa un descenso del 46.2% respecto al año 2020. Se encontraron tres especies más colisionada, el murciélago rabudo Tadarida teniotis, el murciélago de cueva Miniopterus schreibersii y el nóctulo pequeño Nyctalus leisleri. Empleando las tasas de detectabilidad anteriores de 0,2 y 0,4 y los valores de 3,46 y 6,97 días como tasas de permanencia de los cadáveres y frecuencia entre visitas respectivamente, la estima de siniestralidad fueron de 188-751 murciélagos (17,06-68,26 murciélagos/aero/año, equivalentes a 5,84-23,35 murciélagos/ MW/año). Estos resultados se solapan ligeramente con los obtenidos en 2020. Por ello, concluimos que el descenso de siniestralidad observado puede no ser real....
Este trabajo analiza la siniestralidad de murciélagos (27,09 ae/año) y aves (10,09 ae/ año) en do... more Este trabajo analiza la siniestralidad de murciélagos (27,09 ae/año) y aves (10,09 ae/ año) en dos parques eólicos de cinco y seis aerogeneradores en Aragón a lo largo de un ciclo anual en el Valle del Ebro. Comparamos los resultados de este estudio con los del promotor, profundizando en los errores de detectabilidad y tasa de permanencia asociados que afectan a la estima de mortalidad. Se identificaron cinco especies Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus pygmaeus y Pipistrellus kuhlii, Eptesicus serotinus e Hypsugo savii que colisionaron principalmente entre junio y octubre. La mortalidad anual de quirópteros se estimó entre 388-5.460 ejemplares al año, una de las mayores mortalidades detectadas a nivel mundial. A pesar de ser especies comunes de distribución amplia el impacto cuantitativo no es asumible. Con las conclusiones obtenidas del Plan de Vigilancia Ambiental (PVA) no se evaluaron correctamente los impactos que pasaron desapercibidos por la utilización errónea de la meto...
Se ha revisado la presencia pasada y actual de los buitres leonado, negro, alimoche y quebrantahu... more Se ha revisado la presencia pasada y actual de los buitres leonado, negro, alimoche y quebrantahuesos en islas del Mediterraneo y se describe el proceso de colonizacion y asentamiento en Mallorca del buitre leonado desde 2008. De las cuatro especies de buitres las mayores poblaciones de buitre leonado estan en Creta (Grecia) y Cres (Croacia). Las Baleares acogen las mejores y casi unicas poblaciones de Buitre negro (solo presente en Mallorca) y Alimoche (existe ademas una pequenisima poblacion en Sicilia) mientras el Quebrantahuesos apenas cuenta con una veintena de parejas entre Creta y Corcega conjuntamente. El proceso de colonizacion de Mallorca por el buitre leonado fue singular, favorecido por fuertes vientos del suroeste que empujaron a cientos de aves juveniles en migracion desde la Peninsula Iberica. La observacion de un buitre marcado secuencialmente y en escaso tiempo en Murcia y dias despues en Mallorca permitio determinar el origen de estas aves. A los cuatro anos de ase...
Solar energy is a promising alternative to reduce South Africa's dependency on electricity genera... more Solar energy is a promising alternative to reduce South Africa's dependency on electricity generation from fossil fuels, since the country has one of the world's most favourable solar energy regimes. Utilityscale solar energy developments can impact bird communities through habitat loss and collision mortality, but there are few studies of the impacts of utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) facilities on birds. This study reports how one of South Africa's largest PV facilities (96 MW, 180 ha) has altered bird communities and assesses the risk of avian collision mortality. Bird species richness and density within the PV facility (38 species, 1.80 ± 0.50 birds$ha À1) tended to be lower than the boundary zone (50 species, 2.63 ± 0.86 birds$ha À1) and adjacent untransformed land (47 species, 2.57 ± 0.86 birds$ha À1). Only eight fatalities were detected during 3 months of surveys of the solar field for bird carcasses and other signs of collisions. The extrapolated mortality for the facility was 435 (95% CI 133e805) birds per year (4.5 bird fatalities$MW À1 $yr À1 ; 95% CI, 1.5e8.5). No threatened species were impacted by the PV facility, but further data are required to better understand the risk of PV solar energy developments on birds.
The establishment of vulture restaurants has been considered a useful conservation tool for prese... more The establishment of vulture restaurants has been considered a useful conservation tool for preserving vulture populations. Since the Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy or "mad-cow" disease (BSE hereafter) appeared in Spain (to date 277 cattle affected and increasing) leaving carcasses in the fields for vultures was strictly banned. During 2001-2002, the Spanish Government removed around 305,000 carcasses per year from the fields/farms (0.58% of the National Livestock census). Results of the Surveillance Plan against BSE on removing carcasses have been unequal by region. Only La Rioja Province has managed a good carcass removal program that destroyed 48,025 and 31,277 carcasses in 2001 and 2002 respectively. Anyway, since BSE appeared vulture species in Spain have enough food available. The effect of the corpse removal programme on the breeding success of vulture populations inhabiting large areas of Spain has been analysed. The study area accounted for 84% of Griffon, 50% of Cinereous, 51% of Egyptian and 100% of Bearded Vulture populations. The Bearded Vulture is the only species having a well-established-protection and managedfeeding program. For the rest of species, although there are protected breeding areas, there is not enough protection of feeding places. The National Royal Decree approved in November 2002 and subsequent European regulations do not take into account the extensive grazing management nor the use of ruminant species for feeding vultures. Agreement between biologists and veterinarians is urgent needed in order to balance livestock rearing techniques and carcass availability for vultures.
Spain holds the most important Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus population in the Western Palearctic (... more Spain holds the most important Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus population in the Western Palearctic (more than 17,000 breeding pairs in 1999). A review of current research and conservation measures in the country is provided. The breeding population is still increasing. However, some density-dependent regulation is possibly taking place in some areas, where breeding success seems to be decreasing. In contrast, food availability does not seem to constrain the population and does not determine the Griffon Vulture's distribution in Spain. A common and illegal practice of leaving carcasses in the field or at traditional feeding sites called inuladares has supplemented the birds' dietary requirements. Some old regulations established by the Government in the 1950s were mostly overlooked by shepherds. Since 1973 ca. 5,000 Griffon Vultures have been ringed with metal rings and ca. 1,000 have been ringed with Darvic plastic rings. Resightings and recoveries of ringed birds have provided some information about the migratory routes of Griffon Vultures within Spain and Africa. However, the migratory movements are still not well known and the wintering areas in Africa and Spain still need to be identified. The use of satellite-transmitters is urgently needed in order to highlight many aspects of the species' ecology. Human-induced threats (e.g. egg collecting, disturbance at breeding colonies, shooting and poisoning) have been reduced through the implementation of national legislation and the protection of colonies. Most of the birds admitted to rehabilitation centres are malnourished and weak. A high percentage of them are released. A serious resurgence of poison incidents has been noticed since 2000, as compared with the preceding ten-year-period. New threats have arisen in recent years, including the impact of windfarms and attacks by vultures on livestock. Serious studies regarding the impact of windfarms on avian populations are lacking. Attacks on livestock occur as the animals are generally too weak to protect themselves.
Información del artículo Comparación de tres técnicas de censo en una población de ciervo ("... more Información del artículo Comparación de tres técnicas de censo en una población de ciervo ("Cervus elaphus" L.) de las montañas del Sistema Ibérico.
The effects of supplemental feeding on Eurasian Griffon range from increased survival and reprodu... more The effects of supplemental feeding on Eurasian Griffon range from increased survival and reproduction to population recoveries. In 2000, the appearance of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in Europe resulted in the implementation of the 1774/2002 regulation that required carcass removal and incineration at processing plants within the European Union and resulted in an immediate reduction of food availability for scavengers. We wished to evaluate the effect of the implementation of the reduced food availability on the scavenging Eurasian Griffon population. The study was conducted in La Rioja province (northern Spain). Eurasian Griffon fledglings are regularly brought to a rehabilitation center and can help evaluate the changes in nutritional condition before and after the enactment of the BSE regulations. A total of 47 first year griffons were sampled. Ptilochronology was applied to the rectrices, growth bars that are grown during the fledgling period were counted among nestlings before and after implementation of the EU-BSE directives. We found that the width of the growth bars, that represent the nutritional condition of the bird, showed significant differences over time. The growth bars before the implementation of the BSE EU-directives were significantly narrower than the subsequent period wherein carcasses were greatly reduced. The frequency of fault bars showed trends opposite to those of growth bars and there were significantly more fault bars in the pre-removal implementation period than the post-removal period. In conclusion, we consider this to be a result wherein the local adults with fidelity to their breeding colonies remained in the area while the non-breeding sub-adults and floaters have strayed in search of food. This has resulted in reduced inter-and intra-specific competition and only adults in good body condition breed resulting in healthier fledglings.
Diclofenac (NSAID) for veterinary use, the same that previously reduced south Asian Gyps vulture ... more Diclofenac (NSAID) for veterinary use, the same that previously reduced south Asian Gyps vulture populations by nearly 99% in the late 1990s, was approved in Spain in 2013 for cattle, swine and horses. We assessed its availability and the potential exposure to European Griffon Gyps fulvus, Cinereous Aegypius monachus, Egyptian Neophron percnopterus and Bearded vultures Gypaetus barbatus in Spain. In 2014, a telephone questionnaire to 1073 official pharmaceutical distributers (POS) found 230 responses and 82 were currently selling diclofenac. The preliminary assessment for Spain showed a widespread exposure to diclofenac that extends across 275,391 km 2 , i.e. 54% of the territory. Diclofenac availability is related to livestock densities and certain rearing practices, especially cattle and extensive swine farming, but not with horse farms. Livestock farming carcass disposal practices and subsequent carcass availability to vultures are of concern when controlling for diclofenac potential use and residues in corpses. Overlap of diclofenac exposure with vulture distribution ranges and population sizes per region were highest for Cinereous Vulture (88% and 73% overlap with range and population size respectively), 62/56% for the Egyptian Vulture, 58/57% for the Griffon and 42/36% for the Bearded Vultures. Ensuring the safety of carcasses consumed by vultures with specific tests for NSAIDs and their use in farming practices is required.
Solar energy is a promising alternative to reduce South Africa's dependency on electricity genera... more Solar energy is a promising alternative to reduce South Africa's dependency on electricity generation from fossil fuels, since the country has one of the world's most favourable solar energy regimes. Utility-scale solar energy developments can impact bird communities through habitat loss and collision mortality , but there are few studies of the impacts of utility-scale photovoltaic (PV) facilities on birds. This study reports how one of South Africa's largest PV facilities (96 MW, 180 ha) has altered bird communities and assesses the risk of avian collision mortality. Bird species richness and density within the PV facility (38 species, 1.80 ± 0.50 birds$ha À1) tended to be lower than the boundary zone (50 species, 2.63 ± 0.86 birds$ha À1) and adjacent untransformed land (47 species, 2.57 ± 0.86 birds$ha À1). Only eight fatalities were detected during 3 months of surveys of the solar field for bird carcasses and other signs of collisions. The extrapolated mortality for the facility was 435 (95% CI 133e805) birds per year (4.5 bird fatalities$MW À1 $yr À1 ; 95% CI, 1.5e8.5). No threatened species were impacted by the PV facility, but further data are required to better understand the risk of PV solar energy developments on birds.
RESUMEN El presente trabajo recoge la información acumulada durante el período comprendido entre ... more RESUMEN El presente trabajo recoge la información acumulada durante el período comprendido entre 1986 y 1990, ambos inclusive, sobre 38 especies de mamíferos en una 2ana del Suroeste riojano que compren de el tramo más aleo del río NajerilJa y ...
There is not enough recent information on the status of the Eurasian Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus... more There is not enough recent information on the status of the Eurasian Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) in Morocco. Information available describes breeding population referred to some colonies in the Rif mountains close to Tangier and additional ones from Figuig in the East to Goulimine on the west of Anti Atlas, with no breeding places in the Sahara mountains. According to all authors, distribution of griffons there has been drastically reduced by human activities and recent information does not support updated results with new fieldwork. Thus, the extent of the population decline and winter distribution remain unknown. The aim of this report has been: 1) to make a survey for the Griffon Vulture in Northern Morocco searching for breeding colonies and 2) to try to determine its wintering grounds there. The status of the species in Morocco is relevant to its conservation. All migrating western European vultures cross through Morocco to winter in the Southern Sahara countries. This study was done in Northern Morocco, from the North Atlantic coast (60 km north to Kénitra to the eastern Sahara desert (Plateau du Rekkam) through
The Eurasian Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) population inhabiting the Iberian Peninsula has greatl... more The Eurasian Griffon Vulture (Gyps fulvus) population inhabiting the Iberian Peninsula has greatly increased during the last three decades. However, there are few studies analyzing the migration movements throughout Spain. Ah published material is referred to the Strait of Gibraltar area. This paper presents preliminary results of a project regarding the phenology and migratory routes of the species inside the Iberian Peninsula. For these purposes we analyze re-sightings of PVC ringed vultures, ringed birds recoveries, simultaneous counts at "muladares” and feeding places and incomes of birds suffering malnutrition at rehabilitation centers. Here we include preliminary results from ringing recoveries, re-sightings and incomes at five rehabilitation centers: La Rioja, Teruel, Castellon, Huelva and Cadiz provinces. From 130 re-sightings of PVC ringed Vultures at feeding places we suggest two main migratory routes. The first one, through the East would gather those young birds that fledged in North and Central Spain; the second one includes Vultures from Western Iberia. Both routes would join at the vicinity of Strait of Gibraltar area. These results are also assessed by 140 recoveries of vultures ringed with metal rings until year 2000. There is an evidence of a third route throughout Central Spain; however further data analysis is needed. All this information confirms previously published material; mostly, migrating vultures are juveniles not able for breeding. This fact is also supported .by the incomes, more than 500 birds, at rehabilitation centers from the five provinces above mentioned. At the same time these incomes reveal a latitudinal gradient from northern to Southern Spain. Most juvenile Vultures suffered from malnutrition and disorientation. This is a risk for young birds both at fledging and migration times. The knowledge of the migration phenology is essential for establishing conservation measures: Nowadays, the EU plan against bovine espongiform encephalopathy can drastically reducefood sources for Vultures.
This document analyzes the gaps of the pre-construction bird monitoring of Monlora III Wind Farm,... more This document analyzes the gaps of the pre-construction bird monitoring of Monlora III Wind Farm, Zaragoza, Aragón. The project has been approved with a not proper bird monitoring methodology. As a result, the consultancy agrees it is a "go" project. On the other side, cumulative Impacts have been omitted, neither stakeholder consultation. The mitigation measures proposed are not enough or have been demonstrated to be useful yet. There are Endangered species affected such as the Egyptian vulture, the Bonelli`s eagle and the Red Kite.
Uploads
Papers by Alvaro Camina
Iberian Peninsula. For these purposes we analyze re-sightings of PVC ringed vultures, ringed birds recoveries, simultaneous counts at "muladares” and feeding places and incomes of birds suffering malnutrition at rehabilitation centers. Here we include preliminary results from ringing recoveries, re-sightings and incomes at five rehabilitation centers: La Rioja, Teruel, Castellon, Huelva and Cadiz provinces. From 130 re-sightings of PVC ringed Vultures at feeding places we suggest two main migratory routes. The first one, through the East would gather those young birds that fledged in North and Central Spain; the second one includes Vultures from Western Iberia. Both routes would join at the vicinity of Strait of Gibraltar area. These results are also assessed by 140 recoveries of vultures ringed with metal rings until year 2000. There is an evidence of a third route throughout Central Spain; however further data analysis is needed. All this information confirms previously published material; mostly, migrating vultures are juveniles not able for breeding.
This fact is also supported .by the incomes, more than 500 birds, at rehabilitation centers from the five provinces above mentioned. At the same time these incomes reveal a latitudinal gradient from northern to Southern Spain. Most juvenile Vultures suffered from malnutrition and disorientation. This is a risk for young birds both at fledging and migration times. The knowledge of the migration phenology is essential
for establishing conservation measures: Nowadays, the EU plan against bovine espongiform encephalopathy can drastically reducefood sources for Vultures.