This paper is concerned with numerical solutions of singular integral equations with Cauchy-type ... more This paper is concerned with numerical solutions of singular integral equations with Cauchy-type singular kernel. It is well-known that this type of singular integral equations appears in the analysis of crack problems using the continuously distributed dislocation method. In addition, it also appears in the analysis of notch problems using the body force method. In the present analysis, the unknown function of densities of dislocations and body forces are approximated by the product of the fundamental density functions and polynomials. The accuracy of stress intensity factors and stress concentration factors obtained by the present method is verified through the comparison with the exact solution and the reliable numerical solution obtained by other researchers. The present method is found to give good convergency of the numerical results for notch problem as well as internal and edge crack problems.
In this paper a singular integral equation method is applied to calculate the distribution of str... more In this paper a singular integral equation method is applied to calculate the distribution of stress intensity factor along the crack front of a 3D rectangular crack. The stress field induced by a body force doublet in an infinite body is used as the fundamental solution. Then, the problem is formulated as an integral equation with a singularity of the form of r −3 . In solving the integral equation, the unknown functions of body force densities are approximated by the product of a polynomial and a fundamental density function, which expresses stress singularity along the crack front in an infinite body. The calculation shows that the present method gives smooth variations of stress intensity factors along the crack front for various aspect ratios. The present method gives rapidly converging numerical results and highly satisfied boundary conditions throughout the crack boundary.
Efficient syntheses of metabolically stable R-methylspermidine 1, R-methylspermine 2, and bis-R,R... more Efficient syntheses of metabolically stable R-methylspermidine 1, R-methylspermine 2, and bis-R,R′methylated spermine 3 starting from ethyl 3-aminobutyrate are described. The biological tolerance for these compounds was tested in wild-type mice and transgenic mice carrying the metallothionein promoter-driven spermidine/spermine N 1 -acetyltransferase gene (MT-SSAT). The efficient substitution of natural polyamines by their derivatives was confirmed in vivo with the rats harboring the same MT-SSAT transgene and in vitro with the immortalized fibroblasts derived from these animals. Enantiomers of previously unknown 1-amino-8-acetamido-5-azanonane dihydrochloride 4 were synthesized starting from enantiomerically pure (R)-and (S)-alaninols. The studies with recombinant human polyamine oxidase (PAO) showed that PAO (usually splits achiral substrates) strongly favors the (R)-isomer of 4 that demonstrates for the first time that the enzyme has hidden potency for stereospecificity.
Page 1. Hawaiian Herbs Medicinal Value Found Among the Mountains and Elsewhere in the Hawaiian Is... more Page 1. Hawaiian Herbs Medicinal Value Found Among the Mountains and Elsewhere in the Hawaiian Islands, and Known to the Hawaiians toJossess Curative and Palliative toperties Most Effective in Removinn Physical Ailments D. PI. Kaaiakaman JK Akina Page 2. Page 3. ...
Prokaryotes rely on a distant tubulin homolog, FtsZ, for assembling the cytokinetic ring essentia... more Prokaryotes rely on a distant tubulin homolog, FtsZ, for assembling the cytokinetic ring essential for cell division, but are otherwise generally thought to lack tubulin-like polymers that participate in processes such as DNA segregation. Here we characterize a protein (TubZ) from the Bacillus thuringiensis virulence plasmid pBtoxis, which is a member of the tubulin/FtsZ GTPase superfamily but is only distantly related to both FtsZ and tubulin. TubZ assembles dynamic, linear polymers that exhibit directional polymerization with plus and minus ends, movement by treadmilling, and a critical concentration for assembly. A point mutation (D269A) that alters a highly conserved catalytic residue within the T7 loop completely eliminates treadmilling and allows the formation of stable polymers at a much lower protein concentration than the wild-type protein.
To identify genetic loci influencing central obesity and fat distribution, we performed a meta-an... more To identify genetic loci influencing central obesity and fat distribution, we performed a meta-analysis of 16 genome-wide association studies (GWAS, N = 38,580) informative for adult waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR). We selected 26 SNPs for follow-up, for which the evidence of association with measures of central adiposity (WC and/or WHR) was strong and disproportionate to that for overall adiposity or height. Follow-up studies in a maximum of 70,689 individuals identified two loci strongly associated with measures of central adiposity; these map near TFAP2B (WC, P = 1.9610 211 ) and MSRA (WC, P = 8.9610 29 ). A third locus, near LYPLAL1, was associated with WHR in women only (P = 2.6610 28 ). The variants near TFAP2B appear to influence central adiposity through an effect on overall obesity/fat-mass, whereas LYPLAL1 displays a strong female-only association with fat distribution. By focusing on anthropometric measures of central obesity and fat distribution, we have identified three loci implicated in the regulation of human adiposity.
This paper is concerned with numerical solutions of singular integral equations with Cauchy-type ... more This paper is concerned with numerical solutions of singular integral equations with Cauchy-type singular kernel. It is well-known that this type of singular integral equations appears in the analysis of crack problems using the continuously distributed dislocation method. In addition, it also appears in the analysis of notch problems using the body force method. In the present analysis, the unknown function of densities of dislocations and body forces are approximated by the product of the fundamental density functions and polynomials. The accuracy of stress intensity factors and stress concentration factors obtained by the present method is verified through the comparison with the exact solution and the reliable numerical solution obtained by other researchers. The present method is found to give good convergency of the numerical results for notch problem as well as internal and edge crack problems.
In this paper a singular integral equation method is applied to calculate the distribution of str... more In this paper a singular integral equation method is applied to calculate the distribution of stress intensity factor along the crack front of a 3D rectangular crack. The stress field induced by a body force doublet in an infinite body is used as the fundamental solution. Then, the problem is formulated as an integral equation with a singularity of the form of r −3 . In solving the integral equation, the unknown functions of body force densities are approximated by the product of a polynomial and a fundamental density function, which expresses stress singularity along the crack front in an infinite body. The calculation shows that the present method gives smooth variations of stress intensity factors along the crack front for various aspect ratios. The present method gives rapidly converging numerical results and highly satisfied boundary conditions throughout the crack boundary.
Efficient syntheses of metabolically stable R-methylspermidine 1, R-methylspermine 2, and bis-R,R... more Efficient syntheses of metabolically stable R-methylspermidine 1, R-methylspermine 2, and bis-R,R′methylated spermine 3 starting from ethyl 3-aminobutyrate are described. The biological tolerance for these compounds was tested in wild-type mice and transgenic mice carrying the metallothionein promoter-driven spermidine/spermine N 1 -acetyltransferase gene (MT-SSAT). The efficient substitution of natural polyamines by their derivatives was confirmed in vivo with the rats harboring the same MT-SSAT transgene and in vitro with the immortalized fibroblasts derived from these animals. Enantiomers of previously unknown 1-amino-8-acetamido-5-azanonane dihydrochloride 4 were synthesized starting from enantiomerically pure (R)-and (S)-alaninols. The studies with recombinant human polyamine oxidase (PAO) showed that PAO (usually splits achiral substrates) strongly favors the (R)-isomer of 4 that demonstrates for the first time that the enzyme has hidden potency for stereospecificity.
Page 1. Hawaiian Herbs Medicinal Value Found Among the Mountains and Elsewhere in the Hawaiian Is... more Page 1. Hawaiian Herbs Medicinal Value Found Among the Mountains and Elsewhere in the Hawaiian Islands, and Known to the Hawaiians toJossess Curative and Palliative toperties Most Effective in Removinn Physical Ailments D. PI. Kaaiakaman JK Akina Page 2. Page 3. ...
Prokaryotes rely on a distant tubulin homolog, FtsZ, for assembling the cytokinetic ring essentia... more Prokaryotes rely on a distant tubulin homolog, FtsZ, for assembling the cytokinetic ring essential for cell division, but are otherwise generally thought to lack tubulin-like polymers that participate in processes such as DNA segregation. Here we characterize a protein (TubZ) from the Bacillus thuringiensis virulence plasmid pBtoxis, which is a member of the tubulin/FtsZ GTPase superfamily but is only distantly related to both FtsZ and tubulin. TubZ assembles dynamic, linear polymers that exhibit directional polymerization with plus and minus ends, movement by treadmilling, and a critical concentration for assembly. A point mutation (D269A) that alters a highly conserved catalytic residue within the T7 loop completely eliminates treadmilling and allows the formation of stable polymers at a much lower protein concentration than the wild-type protein.
To identify genetic loci influencing central obesity and fat distribution, we performed a meta-an... more To identify genetic loci influencing central obesity and fat distribution, we performed a meta-analysis of 16 genome-wide association studies (GWAS, N = 38,580) informative for adult waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR). We selected 26 SNPs for follow-up, for which the evidence of association with measures of central adiposity (WC and/or WHR) was strong and disproportionate to that for overall adiposity or height. Follow-up studies in a maximum of 70,689 individuals identified two loci strongly associated with measures of central adiposity; these map near TFAP2B (WC, P = 1.9610 211 ) and MSRA (WC, P = 8.9610 29 ). A third locus, near LYPLAL1, was associated with WHR in women only (P = 2.6610 28 ). The variants near TFAP2B appear to influence central adiposity through an effect on overall obesity/fat-mass, whereas LYPLAL1 displays a strong female-only association with fat distribution. By focusing on anthropometric measures of central obesity and fat distribution, we have identified three loci implicated in the regulation of human adiposity.
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