The Shahrizor Prehistory Project has targeted prehistoric levels of the Late Ubaid and Late Chalc... more The Shahrizor Prehistory Project has targeted prehistoric levels of the Late Ubaid and Late Chalcolithic 4 (LC4; Late Middle Uruk) periods at Gurga Chiya (Shahrizor, Kurdistan region of northern Iraq), along with the Halaf period at the adjacent site of Tepe Marani. Excavations at the latter have produced new dietary and environmental data for the sixth millennium B.C. in the region, while at Gurga Chiya part of a burned Late Ubaid tripartite house was excavated. This has yielded a promising archaeobotanical assemblage and established a benchmark ceramic assemblage for the Shahrizor Plain, which is closely comparable to material known from Tell Madhhur in the Hamrin valley. The related series of radiocarbon dates gives significant new insights into the divergent timing of the Late Ubaid and early LC in northern and southern Mesopotamia. In the following occupation horizon, a ceramic assemblage closely aligned to the southern Middle Uruk indicates convergence of material culture with...
Between 2012 and 2018, the surveys conducted by the french archaeological mission of the Soulaima... more Between 2012 and 2018, the surveys conducted by the french archaeological mission of the Soulaimanih Governorate in the Rania and Peshadar plains of Iraqi Kurdistan, previously devoid of Paleolithic records, have yielded numerous lithic assemblages from open-air sites, caves and rock-shelters. We present here six lithic assemblages from the three districts surveyed, Rania, Peshdar and Dukan. Despite the absence of chronostratigraphic contexts and the still fragmentary data, the first typo-technological analyses carried out allow us to propose a first techno-cultural attribution to the Palaeolithic and, more specifically for some assemblages, to the Middle Palaeolithic. Among the sites uncovered, it is certainly the Paleolithic shelter of Sarsyan-Rostam Agha that was the most distinctive and which represents, with the Shanidar cave, one of the rare Paleolithic sites preserved in the northwestern Zagros. Its preserved Paleolithic sequence, rich in archaeological remains, and explored in a test-pit conducted in 2018, shows clear affinities with the Mousterian Zagros industries, a well-defined entity based on sites such as Shanidar, Bisitun, Warwasi and Mar Tarik. Mots clés: Kurdistan irakien Zagros Paléolithique Moustérien Assemblages lithiques RESUME Les prospections de la mission archéologique française du gouvernorat de Soulaimaniah (MAFGS) menées entre 2012 et 2018 dans les plaines de Rania et de Peshadar au Kurdistan irakien, zone jusqu'alors quasi-dépourvue en sites paléolithiques, ont permis de découvrir, en surface, de nombreux assemblages lithiques issus de sites de plein air, en grottes ou abris sous-roche. Nous présentons ici six assemblages lithiques provenant des trois districts prospectés, Rania, Peshdar et Dukan. Malgré l'absence de contextes chronostratigraphiques et des données encore fragmentaires, les premières analyses typo-technologiques réalisées permettent de proposer une première attribution techno-culturelle au Paléolithique et, plus spécifiquement pour certains assemblages, au Paléolithique moyen. Parmis les sites mis au jour, c'est certainement l'abri moustérien de Sarsyan-Rostam Agha qui fut le plus distinctif et qui représente, avec la grotte de Shanidar, un des rares sites paléolithiques préservés du nord-ouest du Zagros. Sa séquence paléolithique préservée, riche en vestiges archéologiques, et explorée lors d'un sondage réalisé en 2018, présente de nettes affinités avec les industries moustériennes du Zagros, entité bien définie sur la base de sites tels que Shanidar, Bisitun, Warwasi et Mar Tarik.
diMIIU, d'1Utt! tnllIJUn brechrienM.1o dietQ1llTe tk la bourgeoisie sur Ie~uple. ecru bourgeoisie... more diMIIU, d'1Utt! tnllIJUn brechrienM.1o dietQ1llTe tk la bourgeoisie sur Ie~uple. ecru bourgeoisie. .. ers lUSt' bourgeoisie d'1UI type spiciaJ qu fI'est pas IQIll composie de possidants que d';",dlecture/s el de cadres adminsrratifs. Celle bourgoisit u sert de us connaissances, de sa position, poUT mainttnir Ie peuple sours sa dominatwn ttpour accroflTt sa/onUM. Ousmane Sem~ne The post-independence period and its d.i.SIIppointmenls have distressed many African intellectuals and writers. According to their view, the attainment of independence by African nations has not only brought on characteristic problems of nation-building. bUI has also accelenued class formation. Indeed. it has triggered. dog-eat-dog fight in the quest for political power. This relentless struggle has resulted in the emergence of • new political elite which. having talcen politicaJ control from its masters, rules and dispenses ravors to those who helped to consolidate its power and ensure its security while crushing and destroying those who opposed its mIe. It is in this perception of postindependence that Sembt.ne wrote his novel. X"'".' to express his
Gurga Chiya and Tepe Marani are small, adjacent mounds located close to the town of Halabja in th... more Gurga Chiya and Tepe Marani are small, adjacent mounds located close to the town of Halabja in the southern part of the Shahrizor Plain, one of the most fertile regions of Iraqi Kurdistan. Survey and excavation at these previously unexplored sites is beginning to produce evidence for human settlement spanning the sixth to the fourth millennia,c. 5600–3300 cal.b.c. In Mesopotamian chronology this corresponds to the Late Neolithic through to Chalcolithic periods; the Halaf, Ubaid, and Uruk phases of conventional culture history. In Iraqi Kurdistan, documentation of these periods—which witnessed many important transformations in prehistoric village life—is currently very thin. Here we offer a preliminary report on the emerging results from the Shahrizor Plain, with a particular focus on the description of material culture (ceramic and lithic assemblages), in order to establish a benchmark for further research. We also provide a detailed report on botanical remains and accompanying radi...
2009 12th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2009
It is mentioned that one million plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles will be on the road by 2015... more It is mentioned that one million plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles will be on the road by 2015 in United States to reduce emission. If one million electric vehicles (EVs) are connected to the existing electric grid randomly, peak load will be very high. Electrified transportation based on a traditional thermal power system will be costly economically and environmentally though it has a great value for electric power and transportation sectors. EVs cannot alone solve the emission problem completely since they need electric power, which is one of the main sources of emission. Therefore, significant emission reduction greatly depends on the maximum utilization of renewable energy. Two models are investigated to show the effect of one million EVs on electric power and transportation sectors. Linear and non-linear systems are used in modeling the emissions generated from the transportation and electric energy sectors respectively.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health . Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering, 1989
Blood samples from 200 Saudi Arabian school boys, aged 6-8 years, were analyzed for their Pb conc... more Blood samples from 200 Saudi Arabian school boys, aged 6-8 years, were analyzed for their Pb concentra-tions by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, Mean Blood-Pb concentration was found to be 6.9 (±3.4) ug/dl. The blood samples were also examined for some ...
Recent palaeoenvironmental, historical, and archaeological investigations, primarily consisting o... more Recent palaeoenvironmental, historical, and archaeological investigations, primarily consisting of site reconnaissance, in the Shahrizor region within the province of Sulaymaniyah in Iraqi Kurdistan are bringing to light new information on the region's social and socio-ecological development. This paper summarises two seasons of work by researchers from German, British, Dutch, and Iraqi-Kurdish institutions working in the survey region. Palaeoenvironmental data have determined that during the Pleistocene many terraces developed which came to be occupied by a number of the larger tell sites in the Holocene. In the sedimentary record, climatic and anthropogenic patterns are noticeable, and alluviation has affected the recovery of archaeological remains through site burial in places. Historical data show the Shahrizor shifting between periods of independence, either occupied by one regional state or several smaller entities, and periods that saw the plain's incorporation within...
The Shahrizor Prehistory Project has targeted prehistoric levels of the Late Ubaid and Late Chalc... more The Shahrizor Prehistory Project has targeted prehistoric levels of the Late Ubaid and Late Chalcolithic 4 (LC4; Late Middle Uruk) periods at Gurga Chiya (Shahrizor, Kurdistan region of northern Iraq), along with the Halaf period at the adjacent site of Tepe Marani. Excavations at the latter have produced new dietary and environmental data for the sixth millennium B.C. in the region, while at Gurga Chiya part of a burned Late Ubaid tripartite house was excavated. This has yielded a promising archaeobotanical assemblage and established a benchmark ceramic assemblage for the Shahrizor Plain, which is closely comparable to material known from Tell Madhhur in the Hamrin valley. The related series of radiocarbon dates gives significant new insights into the divergent timing of the Late Ubaid and early LC in northern and southern Mesopotamia. In the following occupation horizon, a ceramic assemblage closely aligned to the southern Middle Uruk indicates convergence of material culture with...
Between 2012 and 2018, the surveys conducted by the french archaeological mission of the Soulaima... more Between 2012 and 2018, the surveys conducted by the french archaeological mission of the Soulaimanih Governorate in the Rania and Peshadar plains of Iraqi Kurdistan, previously devoid of Paleolithic records, have yielded numerous lithic assemblages from open-air sites, caves and rock-shelters. We present here six lithic assemblages from the three districts surveyed, Rania, Peshdar and Dukan. Despite the absence of chronostratigraphic contexts and the still fragmentary data, the first typo-technological analyses carried out allow us to propose a first techno-cultural attribution to the Palaeolithic and, more specifically for some assemblages, to the Middle Palaeolithic. Among the sites uncovered, it is certainly the Paleolithic shelter of Sarsyan-Rostam Agha that was the most distinctive and which represents, with the Shanidar cave, one of the rare Paleolithic sites preserved in the northwestern Zagros. Its preserved Paleolithic sequence, rich in archaeological remains, and explored in a test-pit conducted in 2018, shows clear affinities with the Mousterian Zagros industries, a well-defined entity based on sites such as Shanidar, Bisitun, Warwasi and Mar Tarik. Mots clés: Kurdistan irakien Zagros Paléolithique Moustérien Assemblages lithiques RESUME Les prospections de la mission archéologique française du gouvernorat de Soulaimaniah (MAFGS) menées entre 2012 et 2018 dans les plaines de Rania et de Peshadar au Kurdistan irakien, zone jusqu'alors quasi-dépourvue en sites paléolithiques, ont permis de découvrir, en surface, de nombreux assemblages lithiques issus de sites de plein air, en grottes ou abris sous-roche. Nous présentons ici six assemblages lithiques provenant des trois districts prospectés, Rania, Peshdar et Dukan. Malgré l'absence de contextes chronostratigraphiques et des données encore fragmentaires, les premières analyses typo-technologiques réalisées permettent de proposer une première attribution techno-culturelle au Paléolithique et, plus spécifiquement pour certains assemblages, au Paléolithique moyen. Parmis les sites mis au jour, c'est certainement l'abri moustérien de Sarsyan-Rostam Agha qui fut le plus distinctif et qui représente, avec la grotte de Shanidar, un des rares sites paléolithiques préservés du nord-ouest du Zagros. Sa séquence paléolithique préservée, riche en vestiges archéologiques, et explorée lors d'un sondage réalisé en 2018, présente de nettes affinités avec les industries moustériennes du Zagros, entité bien définie sur la base de sites tels que Shanidar, Bisitun, Warwasi et Mar Tarik.
diMIIU, d'1Utt! tnllIJUn brechrienM.1o dietQ1llTe tk la bourgeoisie sur Ie~uple. ecru bourgeoisie... more diMIIU, d'1Utt! tnllIJUn brechrienM.1o dietQ1llTe tk la bourgeoisie sur Ie~uple. ecru bourgeoisie. .. ers lUSt' bourgeoisie d'1UI type spiciaJ qu fI'est pas IQIll composie de possidants que d';",dlecture/s el de cadres adminsrratifs. Celle bourgoisit u sert de us connaissances, de sa position, poUT mainttnir Ie peuple sours sa dominatwn ttpour accroflTt sa/onUM. Ousmane Sem~ne The post-independence period and its d.i.SIIppointmenls have distressed many African intellectuals and writers. According to their view, the attainment of independence by African nations has not only brought on characteristic problems of nation-building. bUI has also accelenued class formation. Indeed. it has triggered. dog-eat-dog fight in the quest for political power. This relentless struggle has resulted in the emergence of • new political elite which. having talcen politicaJ control from its masters, rules and dispenses ravors to those who helped to consolidate its power and ensure its security while crushing and destroying those who opposed its mIe. It is in this perception of postindependence that Sembt.ne wrote his novel. X"'".' to express his
Gurga Chiya and Tepe Marani are small, adjacent mounds located close to the town of Halabja in th... more Gurga Chiya and Tepe Marani are small, adjacent mounds located close to the town of Halabja in the southern part of the Shahrizor Plain, one of the most fertile regions of Iraqi Kurdistan. Survey and excavation at these previously unexplored sites is beginning to produce evidence for human settlement spanning the sixth to the fourth millennia,c. 5600–3300 cal.b.c. In Mesopotamian chronology this corresponds to the Late Neolithic through to Chalcolithic periods; the Halaf, Ubaid, and Uruk phases of conventional culture history. In Iraqi Kurdistan, documentation of these periods—which witnessed many important transformations in prehistoric village life—is currently very thin. Here we offer a preliminary report on the emerging results from the Shahrizor Plain, with a particular focus on the description of material culture (ceramic and lithic assemblages), in order to establish a benchmark for further research. We also provide a detailed report on botanical remains and accompanying radi...
2009 12th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2009
It is mentioned that one million plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles will be on the road by 2015... more It is mentioned that one million plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles will be on the road by 2015 in United States to reduce emission. If one million electric vehicles (EVs) are connected to the existing electric grid randomly, peak load will be very high. Electrified transportation based on a traditional thermal power system will be costly economically and environmentally though it has a great value for electric power and transportation sectors. EVs cannot alone solve the emission problem completely since they need electric power, which is one of the main sources of emission. Therefore, significant emission reduction greatly depends on the maximum utilization of renewable energy. Two models are investigated to show the effect of one million EVs on electric power and transportation sectors. Linear and non-linear systems are used in modeling the emissions generated from the transportation and electric energy sectors respectively.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health . Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering, 1989
Blood samples from 200 Saudi Arabian school boys, aged 6-8 years, were analyzed for their Pb conc... more Blood samples from 200 Saudi Arabian school boys, aged 6-8 years, were analyzed for their Pb concentra-tions by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, Mean Blood-Pb concentration was found to be 6.9 (±3.4) ug/dl. The blood samples were also examined for some ...
Recent palaeoenvironmental, historical, and archaeological investigations, primarily consisting o... more Recent palaeoenvironmental, historical, and archaeological investigations, primarily consisting of site reconnaissance, in the Shahrizor region within the province of Sulaymaniyah in Iraqi Kurdistan are bringing to light new information on the region's social and socio-ecological development. This paper summarises two seasons of work by researchers from German, British, Dutch, and Iraqi-Kurdish institutions working in the survey region. Palaeoenvironmental data have determined that during the Pleistocene many terraces developed which came to be occupied by a number of the larger tell sites in the Holocene. In the sedimentary record, climatic and anthropogenic patterns are noticeable, and alluviation has affected the recovery of archaeological remains through site burial in places. Historical data show the Shahrizor shifting between periods of independence, either occupied by one regional state or several smaller entities, and periods that saw the plain's incorporation within...
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Papers by Ahmed Saber