Papers by Adriana Fontanals
www.mdpi.com/journal/viruses
Role of polyphenols in the antimicrobial activity of ethanol Tamarindus indica L leaves fluid ext... more Role of polyphenols in the antimicrobial activity of ethanol Tamarindus indica L leaves fluid extract
InVet, 2012
Feline asthma is a chronic bronchial disease of high incidence, with pathological findings simila... more Feline asthma is a chronic bronchial disease of high incidence, with pathological findings similar to the allergic asthma of the people. Is characterized by ...
InVet, 2013
The aim of this study was to report the comparative results using combined antiviral drugs on nat... more The aim of this study was to report the comparative results using combined antiviral drugs on naturally-infected FIV cats in the asymptomatic and AIDS stages...
Shock (Augusta, Ga.), Jan 23, 2018
Sepsis constitutes one of the major causes of death in intensive care units. In sepsis induced by... more Sepsis constitutes one of the major causes of death in intensive care units. In sepsis induced by Gram-negative, while LPS initially induces an exacerbated secretion of proinflammatory cytokines leading to endotoxic shock and death resembling a septic shock, it is also capable of inducing refractoriness to subsequent challenge with LPS, a state known as endotoxin tolerance, which is considered the initial step of the immunosuppression found in septic patients. Since we previously demonstrated the importance of glucocorticoids in endotoxin tolerance, the aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of IL-10 both in the endotoxic shock and in the development of the tolerance and its relationship with glucocorticoids. Our results show that, upon LPS challenge, IL-10 KO mice had an enhanced LPS sensitivity, along with elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines as TNF-α, IL-12 and IFN-γ, and enhanced tissue damage, despite the high levels of glucocorticoids. This effect may be du...
Frontiers in immunology, 2018
The ability of(Mtb) to persist in its human host relies on numerous immune evasion strategies, su... more The ability of(Mtb) to persist in its human host relies on numerous immune evasion strategies, such as the deregulation of the lipid metabolism leading to the formation of foamy macrophages (FM). Yet, the specific host factors leading to the foamy phenotype of Mtb-infected macrophages remain unknown. Herein, we aimed to address whether host cytokines contribute to FM formation in the context of Mtb infection. Our approach is based on the use of an acellular fraction of tuberculous pleural effusions (TB-PE) as a physiological source of local factors released during Mtb infection. We found that TB-PE induced FM differentiation as observed by the increase in lipid bodies, intracellular cholesterol, and expression of the scavenger receptor CD36, as well as the enzyme acyl CoA:cholesterol acyl transferase (ACAT). Importantly, interleukin-10 (IL-10) depletion from TB-PE prevented the augmentation of all these parameters. Moreover, we observed a positive correlation between the levels of I...
![Research paper thumbnail of [Immune response against foot-and-mouth disease virus in cattle: effect of vaccination]](https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg)
Medicina, 1989
Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) is one of the most feared animal virus and vaccination still ... more Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) is one of the most feared animal virus and vaccination still has to be used in many countries. In previous reports, using a murine model, we studied the cellular basis of immune responses against FMDV and were able to show that they are atypical. In cattle, although complete protection may be attained after only one dose of killed virus vaccine, very little is known about protection against FMDV, except for antibody responses, but practically nothing concerning the cellular basis of their immune response. Moreover, since neutralizing titers do not always correlate with protection, the potency of vaccines in controlled by viral challenge. Our aim is to study cellular immune responses against FMDV, and to search for a correlate to protection. As a first step, 55 virgin cattle from a non endemic area (Patagonia) were divided into three groups: C: non immunized controls; HS: immunized with saponine containing vaccine; and EO: with oil emulsified vacci...
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2012
The aim of the present study was to determine whether lipoarabinomannan (LAM), in combination wit... more The aim of the present study was to determine whether lipoarabinomannan (LAM), in combination with Freund's incomplete adjuvant (FIA), was able to improve cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immune responses against ovalbumin (OVA) in cattle. Twenty-three calves were assigned to four treatment groups, which were subcutaneously immunized with either OVA plus FIA, OVA plus FIA and LAM from Mycobacterium avium subsp avium, FIA plus LAM, or FIA alone. Lymphoproliferation, IFN-γ production and cell subpopulations on peripheral blood mononuclear cells before and 15 days after treatment were evaluated. Delayed hypersensitivity was evaluated on day 57. Specific humoral immune response was measured by ELISA. Inoculation with LAM induced higher levels of lymphoproliferation and IFN-γ production in response to ConA and OVA (P < 0.05). Specific antibody titers were similar in both OVA-immunized groups. Interestingly, our results showed that the use of LAM in vaccine preparations improved specific cell immune response evaluated by lymphoproliferation and IFN-γ production by at least 50 and 25%, respectively, in cattle without interfering with tuberculosis and paratuberculosis diagnosis.
Viruses, 2012
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the antiretrovirals: Zidovudine (ZDV) alone... more The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the antiretrovirals: Zidovudine (ZDV) alone; ZDV + Recombinant Human Interferon-α (rHuIFN-α); ZDV + Lamivudine (3TC) and ZDV + valproic acid (Valp) on naturally feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected cats, in the late phase of the asymptomatic stage of infection. The follow-up was performed over one year, through clinical evaluation and the determination of viral loads and CD4+/CD8+ ratios. Neurological signs were studied by visual and auditory evoked potentials (VEP, AEP) and the responses were abnormal in 80% of the FIV-infected cats. After one year, an improvement in VEP and AEP was observed in the ZDV + Valp group and a worsening in the group receiving ZDV + rHuIFN-α. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio showed a significant increase (both intra and inter-groups) only in ZDV and ZDV + 3TC, between their pre-treatment and one year values, as well as among the other groups. Viral load only showed a significant decrease in
Veterinary Research, 2007
Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), is a chronic granu... more Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), is a chronic granulomatous enteric disease in cattle. Among molecular components of Map, protein p34 was identified as specific and immunodominant for bovine B cells. In order to determine if specific antibodies could influence the course of Map pathogenesis, the interaction between bacteria and bovine macrophages was studied. Bovine polyclonal antibodies from 3 calves vaccinated with protein p34-cx, 6 calves vaccinated with heatkilled Map, 8 naturally infected, and 3 healthy calves-as negative controls-were used. Specific anti-Map,-p34-cx and-PPA-3 antibodies were evaluated and isotype characterized. Infected and Map vaccinated animals showed similar IgG1 and IgG2 response against Map whole bacteria. When p34-cx was used as the antigen, mainly IgG1 and IgG3 were detected in infected and only IgG1 in p34-cx vaccinated animals. Bovine polyclonal antibodies from three animals of each category were isolated and affinity purified through Map and p34-cx columns. The effect of these antibodies in association with Map and a transformed bovine peritoneal macrophage's cell line (Bov-Mac) as well as activation of NF-κB transcription factor was studied. Our results show that association of Map significantly increased in vitro after pretreatment with bovine anti-Map or anti-p34-cx antibodies obtained from vaccinated or infected cattle when compared with those of controls. Improved activation of NF-κB was detected in macrophages that ingested Map opsonized with either anti-Map or anti-p34-cx specific antibodies of infected or vaccinated calves, suggesting that both anti-Map and IgG1 anti-p34-cx antibodies support Map-macrophage interactions. Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / p34 / IgG1 / macrophages / cattle
Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2011
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a lentivirus that causes a progressive disruption of immun... more Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a lentivirus that causes a progressive disruption of immune function in cats. The neuroendocrine and immune systems communicate bidirectionally, mediated by cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF), several interleukins (IL-1, IL-6, IL-10), and through signals induced by the ratio of IL-10 to IL-12. FIV can affect both pituitary adrenal and thyroid axis function. Twenty FIV-infected cats in similar stages of the disease were evaluated for six months. A cross-sectional study in which the twenty cats were divided into two groups was performed. Ten were treated with Zidovudine (ZDV: 5mg/kg/d, PO, q12h, for six months) and 10 were untreated. Plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, T4, FT4, T3, IL-10, IL-12 and viral load (VL) were evaluated after six months. ACTH was found in significantly lower concentrations (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.0001) in the treated group whereas cortisol did not show significant differences between the two groups. Both T4 and FT4 had high values in untreated individuals (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001) compared with Zidovudine treated cats. T3 did not show significant differences between the two groups. Both IL-10 and IL-12 were found in significantly higher concentrations in ZDV treated cats (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001). By contrast, the IL10/IL-12 ratio values were significantly lower in untreated cats. Viral load was significantly lower in the treated cats after six months of therapy, compared with values detected pre-treatment (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.002). Untreated cats showed a significant increase of VL (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.04) compared with the values at the beginning of the study. In treated cats, VL showed lower numbers of viral copies than in untreated cats (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.01). In summary, Zidovudine treatment appeared to contribute to the normalization of both the adrenal and thyroid axes. This effect could be attributed to the decrease observed in VL, resulting in a change in cytokine patterns.
Veterinary Microbiology, 1997
An R. equi vaccine, prepared under conditions which induce the expression of many antigens, and w... more An R. equi vaccine, prepared under conditions which induce the expression of many antigens, and which has given encouraging results in field trials, was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblots and compared with other R. equi preparations: a preparation made in with the same technique from a nonvirulent isolate (virulence associated protein negative, VapA-negative); a whole cell preparation of a VapA-positive
Laboratory Animals, 1998
A genetic monitoring of the BALB/c mouse foundation colony in our animal facility was carried out... more A genetic monitoring of the BALB/c mouse foundation colony in our animal facility was carried out. The techniques of choice were skin grafting, coat colour test, flow cytometric analysis for H2 antigens (loci H2-D and H2-A), electrophoretic analysis of isoenzymes (loci Idh1, Pep3, Es3 and Mod1), PCR-amplified microsatellites (loci Igh-V, Ngfg, Plau, Crp, Igh, D16Mit5, D3Mit49 and D17Mit16) and DNA fingerprinting (multilocus probes 33.6, 33.15 and (CAC)5). No evidence of genetic contamination was found, ruling out the possibility of an outcross with AKR, the other albino strain maintained at the facility. Nevertheless, DNA fingerprint patterns revealed evidence of genetic heterogeneity in four out of nine lines of the nucleus colony, interpreted as minisatellite mutations favoured for a single line system with more than 40 generations of separation from the ancestral pair. These mice are mainly used in cancer and immunological research within the institute.
Boletín Latinoamericano y …, 2009
Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto
Veterinary Research, 2008
Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), is a chronic granu... more Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map), is a chronic granulomatous enteric disease in cattle. Among molecular components of Map, protein p34 was identified as specific and immunodominant for bovine B cells. In order to determine if specific antibodies could influence the course of Map pathogenesis, the interaction between bacteria and bovine macrophages was studied. Bovine polyclonal antibodies from 3 calves vaccinated with protein p34-cx, 6 calves vaccinated with heatkilled Map, 8 naturally infected, and 3 healthy calves -as negative controls-were used. Specific anti-Map, -p34-cx and -PPA-3 antibodies were evaluated and isotype characterized. Infected and Map vaccinated animals showed similar IgG1 and IgG2 response against Map whole bacteria. When p34-cx was used as the antigen, mainly IgG1 and IgG3 were detected in infected and only IgG1 in p34-cx vaccinated animals. Bovine polyclonal antibodies from three animals of each category were isolated and affinity purified through Map and p34-cx columns. The effect of these antibodies in association with Map and a transformed bovine peritoneal macrophage's cell line (Bov-Mac) as well as activation of NF-κB transcription factor was studied. Our results show that association of Map significantly increased in vitro after pretreatment with bovine anti-Map or anti-p34-cx antibodies obtained from vaccinated or infected cattle when compared with those of controls. Improved activation of NF-κB was detected in macrophages that ingested Map opsonized with either anti-Map or anti-p34-cx specific antibodies of infected or vaccinated calves, suggesting that both anti-Map and IgG1 anti-p34-cx antibodies support Map-macrophage interactions.
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Papers by Adriana Fontanals