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Adnan Nasir

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Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi

Muhammad Raza Younas

PMAS Arid Agricultural university.Rawalpindi,Pakistan

Muhib E Silsila Chist

Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi

PMAS Arid Agricultural university.Rawalpindi,Pakistan

Dr. Anwaar Mohyuddin

Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

Dr. RAFIQ A H M A D KHAN

University of Malakand

Siffat Ullah Khan

University of Malakand

PMAS Arid Agricultural university.Rawalpindi,Pakistan

PMAS Arid Agricultural university.Rawalpindi,Pakistan

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Papers by Adnan Nasir

HYPERGAMY, MARITAL ALLIANCES AND ECONOMIC CHANGE: A STUDY OF INDIGENOUS MARRIAGE PATTERNS

by Muhib E Silsila Chist, Adnan Nasir, and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

In societal structure marriage is one of the important social institutions in which hypergamy and... more In societal structure marriage is one of the important social institutions in which hypergamy and many other indigenous marriage practices are observable. The economic changes can affect the marital alliance positively and negatively due to which changes in marriage institution can be seen. The present study was conducted to investigate the different dimensions of hypergamy practiced especially by females and also to study the effects of economic crisis on marital alliances. For this purpose the data was collected randomly from unmarried women. The study was using the qualitative techniques by drawing a sample of 100 respondents by using a semi structured questionnaire. It has been found that hypergamy is less practice in current societal setting. The economic crisis creates the waves which effects the marital alliances. The study was focused on keeping in mind the indigenous patterns of marriage to know the hypergamy and current societal setup to study the effects of economic crisis on marital alliances

ASCRIBED STATUS AND URBANIZATION: AN EVOLUTIONIST PERSPECTIVE AND INDIGENOUS RESPONSE

Ascribed status is a socially prescribed status assigned to the individual by birth. With rapid u... more Ascribed status is a socially prescribed status assigned to the individual by birth. With rapid urbanization and increase in population, resource inequality between the rural and the urban sectors has majorly increased leading to migration. The role of ascribed status in achieving resources and thus changing the achieved status still prevails in our societies. The objective of the study is to explore the depth of the role played by ascribed status in achieving resources in an urban setup. The type of questionnaire was qualitative in which tool used is mixed of qualitative and quantitative. The sample of study was 50. The data was collected in the area of Shamsabad Rawalpindi and gathered through convenient sampling. Statistical analysis of chi-square proved that hypothesis, people status effect in society significant value is 0.003>0.05 and people change their caste to seek respect significant value is 0.027>0.05.

ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINISM, COMPETITION AND CONFLICT: A MARXIST PERSPECTIVE

Scarcity of natural resources, determines the intensity of the competition and conflict among the... more Scarcity of natural resources, determines the intensity of the competition and conflict among the community, while the victor of the conflict and access to the resources is decided by the social status and class. The paper attempts to form a triangular relationship between 'ecology', 'conflict' and 'access to resources' demonstrating their interplay in the light of environmental determinism and Marxist perspective. The research locale and sampling frame were the villages of „Ghora Gali‟ and „Arukas‟, from where 200 sampling units, 100 from each locale respectively, were selected through convenience sampling. The paper revealed that scarcity of environmental resources, preferential treatment in distribution assets are directly correlated with competition and conflicts. Moreover, access to resources was correlated to preference on the basis of status.

QUASI-JUDICIAL ROLE OF PANCHAYAT SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY SOUTHERN RURAL PUNJAB

Panchayat system has been operational as the lowest administrative unit since pre-partition ancie... more Panchayat system has been operational as the lowest administrative unit since pre-partition ancient medieval times. It has been an influential tool for bringing justice to the local communities, as a conflict resolution body for village level disputes and to systematize social, cultural and religious activities. The paper explores the preference of the community and their views towards the panchayat system as a judicial body. The study locale was district Lodhran‟s village “1-Chak”, the sample size was 153 selected through random sampling. The results reflected that the community was exceptionally dependent upon the „panchayat and biradari system‟ for resolving their issues, and it worked as a fundamental justice providing body. The preference for panchayat system was affirmed to be for various reasons which firstly included; „confidentiality‟, “time efficiency‟ and „the complications of judicial law” provided by the government.

MANNAT AND ASSOCIATED BELIEFS SYSTEM OF PEOPLE VISITING SHRINES

by Attiya Batool, Hyder Shar, and Adnan Nasir

Abstract: Shrines of Sufi Saints remain a significant aspect of the religious and social structur... more Abstract: Shrines of Sufi Saints remain a significant aspect of the religious and social structure of Pakistan. They are
fundamentally functional in creating social participation, provision of entertainment in the form of devotional music
and songs (qawali), educating people, distribution of food, sweets, money etc. The purpose behind the present study
was to explore the notion of Mannat and its existing types and practices in different religions and sects of the existing
society. To uncover the associated belief systems of people visiting Shrines. Moreover, to understand the underlying
casual factors compelling people to make Mannat. The study’s sampling frame was Shrine of Hazrat Bari Imam in village
Noor Pur Shahan of Capital Territory Islamabad, from which a sample of 80 respondents was purposively selected. The
study used a blend of both qualitative and quantitative tools. The results showed

A SOCIAL INQUIRY OR LEARNING HURDLES: MYTH ANALYSIS AND STRUCTURAL PERSPECTIVE OF LEARNING

by Mazhar Hussain, Adnan Nasir, and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Students around the world have to face many dilemmas when it comes to the process of learning and... more Students around the world have to face many dilemmas when it comes to the process of learning and contains many myths concerned with their learning. The study focused to unveil the various hurdles faced by students during the learning process and also analyze the effects of myth on the overall process. The locale of the study was Rawalpindi, while the data was collected from a sample size of 75, using convenience sampling. The conclusion of the study is that the behavior of the teachers, and teacher-student interaction seriously effects the learning ability of a student, self-esteem, confidence level and academic performance.

Rural Conflicts and Alliance Formation: A Cultural Strategy

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Conflict is a form of competition between groups or individuals over incompatible goals, scarce r... more Conflict is a form of competition between groups or individuals over incompatible goals, scarce resources, or power making sources to acquire them. In Asia, particularly in India and Pakistan, socio-cultural conflicts exist not only in villages but also urban areas where most of the time dominating biradaries involved in such conflict to sustain their power within the society. Present research is about grouping/alliance formation and its relation with village conflicts in District Lodhran of Punjab- Pakistan. Biradaries/caste’s are observed as the key determinant of such alliance formation. Data of 153 respondents show that biradari plays a key role to develop influences leading to separate groups and factions. Biradari with 66.67% percentile emerged as the major cause behind power group formation, politics with 27.45% percent and religion with 5.88 percent. The Biradari system is very strong in the area, with people mostly living in joint family systems thus the groups formed are also influenced by the biradaries. Main causes of rural conflicts were; women issue, land conflicts, biradari concerns and honor.

URBAN TRAFFIC JAMS, HEALTH EMERGENCIES AND ARCHITECTURAL PERSPECTIVE

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Traffic congestion is directly consequential of an ineffective city planning, practices of urban ... more Traffic congestion is directly consequential of an ineffective city planning, practices of urban design and zoning laws which unswervingly plays a negative role during health emergencies, often resulting into deaths. The paper highlights the extent to which traffic jams, architectural inadequacy, and traffic planning effect the health emergencies. The study was conducted in the part of ‘Rawalpindi’, through a sample of 50 respondents. Efficient management by the transport authorities, effectual land use, and infrastructural measures are required to tone down traffic congestion and avoid loss of lives during emergencies.

SOCIAL MOBILITY AND CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Social mobility is a movement of individuals, groups or families from one social position to anot... more Social mobility is a movement of individuals, groups or families from one social position to another for the purpose of their occupation, education, as well as updating their social status. When people migrate from one place to another they also transmit and adopt a part of their culture. The current study was organized to explore the various aspects of social mobilityand cultural resource management amongst inhabitants of Dhouk Kala Khan and Christian Colony Rawalpindi. The objective of the study is in the course of study the natural world of social mobility amongst the lowest castes. The data was collected randomly from inhabitants of those areas by using a questionnaire which was close ended as well as open ended and personal observations were also included. In the study we used the qualitative method and sample was of 52 respondents. It has been observed by the examining of various aspects that in present society people are more following social mobility. Inhabitants of those areas were facing economic problems. This study was paying attention especially social mobility in lowest castes.

PAKISTAN’S ECONOMIC IMBROGLIO IN POST 2008

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

The analysis of economic crisis indicates that there is a considerable shift of public resources ... more The analysis of economic crisis indicates that there is a considerable shift of public resources from social sector to defense sector and security affairs. This shift has changed the development priorities and financial resources have been taken away from socio-economic sector. Supply bottlenecks including gas and power load shedding are considered as a major factor affecting private investment and economic growth. Terrorism has taken a high toll on Pakistan’s economy which leads to slow economic growth, low investment, high rate of inflation, and higher levels of fiscal deficits. Low economic growth and decline in private investment also leads to higher rate of unemployment, which further aggravated the economic situation of the country.

NALA LAI AND URBAN ECOLOGY: A STUDY OF DWELLERS AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

The urban ecology which seriously affects the health and lifestyle of the dwellers, in case of Na... more The urban ecology which seriously affects the health and lifestyle of the dwellers, in case of Nala Lai poses fatal threats to their well-being. These human settlements are crushed and vocations are put at danger, monetary misfortunes are resulted and death toll is influenced. The study highlights the issues faced by the dwellers around Nala Lai, the role of disaster management administration in case of emergencies and other wise, and reveals the issues faced by the dwellers at serious risks. The study was conducted around areas near Nala Lai, Rawalpindi using a sample of 50 households. It is firmly proposed that the crisis administration authorities ought to comprehend life design in powerless territories to proficient and unbiased deal with the assets.

MISAPPLICATION OF FUNCTIONAL ZONES AND IMPLICATION ON ENVIRONMENT DEGRADATION

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

The present study focus on the industrial zone and the impact of industrial pollution on health a... more The present study focus on the industrial zone and the impact of industrial pollution on health and focus on the environment in the area of Peshawar Mor near Golra Mor where there exist plywood industries spanning over six decades and some other small industries. Growing interest in environmental degradation by industrial development witnessed by new journal of ecosystems. The study was based determine potential of functional zone (Plywood industry) for environmental degradation and evaluate the misapplication of functional plywood industry. Industry and development are complementary to each other but one side of story is good the other side of the story is not impressive.

HYPERGAMY, MARITAL ALLIANCES AND ECONOMIC CHANGE: A STUDY OF INDIGENOUS MARRIAGE PATTERNS

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

In societal structure marriage is one of the important social institutions in which hypergamy and... more In societal structure marriage is one of the important social institutions in which hypergamy and many other indigenous marriage practices are observable. The economic changes can affect the marital alliance positively and negatively due to which changes in marriage institution can be seen. The present study was conducted to investigate the different dimensions of hypergamy practiced especially by females and also to study the effects of economic crisis on marital alliances. For this purpose the data was collected randomly from unmarried women. The study was using the qualitative techniques by drawing a sample of 100 respondents by using a semi structured questionnaire. It has been found that hypergamy is less practice in current societal setting. The economic crisis creates the waves which effects the marital alliances. The study was focused on keeping in mind the indigenous patterns of marriage to know the hypergamy and current societal setup to study the effects of economic crisis on marital alliances

GOOD GOVERNANCE AND NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: AN INDIGENOUS PRESPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

by Adnan Nasir, Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry, and aimen hadi

Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) has been verified as essential, if real and effective sustainab... more Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) has been verified as essential, if real and effective sustainable development is the goal. The study focuses to highlight the shortcomings of development projects that consider the traditional knowledge and practices as redundant and ignore the importance of identification and inclusion of local views, perceptions, resources and constraints in the project design and implementation. The data was collected from the locales; Ghora Gali and Arukas, by selecting a sample of 200 respondents through convenience sampling. The results concluded that technologies designed through top-down approach were not easily adopted, only 22.5% adopted the techniques, 3.5% participated then left, while a mounting majority of 74%respondnets were laggards.

EXPLORING NOISE POLLUTION, SOURCE AND ITS IMPACTS: AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF RAWALPINDI CITY

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

The current study deals with the impact of noise pollution on the population of Rawalpindi and th... more The current study deals with the impact of noise pollution on the population of Rawalpindi and the way noise is leaving adverse affects on the life of residents of Rawalpindi. Literature has been reviewed in two major categories i.e. impact of noise on auditory health and non-auditory health. However specific literature regarding children and minors has also been reviewed to see that how come noise can leave much different kind of unfavourable effects on children. Data was collected through a questionnaire having 25 questions from 50 respondents. Out of 25 questions 16 questions were closed ended and rest of the questions were open ended questions used in the instrument. Data was collected by survey technique in cross sectional time scale

CAUSES OF CHILD DELINQUENCY: MARXIST PERESPECTIVE

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Child delinquency is antisocial behavior or violation of the law that is committed by children th... more Child delinquency is antisocial behavior or violation of the law that is committed by children that is not punished by death or life imprisonment. The purpose of study was to find out the causes of child delinquency keeping in view the Marxist perspective and find out the factors which contribute to child crime. Further, to illustrate the role of socialization and ICT on child delinquency. The study locale was district Rawalpindi, while the data was collected from a sample of 75 respondents which was selected by convenient sampling, through qualitative and quantitative tools. The study reflected that the majority of the respondents claimed that children involved in crimes at some level are majorly affected by the environment of their homes, socialization and some due to the use of ICT.

BIRADARISM AND RURAL CONFLICT AS A DETERMINANT OF POLITICAL BEHAVIOR: A CASE STUDY OF RURAL PUNJAB

by Adnan Nasir, aimen hadi, and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Arousal of conflicts is rooted in the clash of interests, struggle to access resources and persua... more Arousal of conflicts is rooted in the clash of interests, struggle to access resources and persuasion of power. The game of power struggle is not played alone but is supported by factionalism which incase of South Asian countries corresponds majorly to Biradarism. The study highlights the role of rural conflicts among various factions in manipulating and altering political behavior. The data was collected from District Lodhran, village “1-Chak”, Punjab province through a blend of qualitative and quantitative tools, from a sample of 153 respondents.

AN ANTHROPOLGICAL INVESTIGATION OF URBAN HUMAN LIFE AND HEALTH HAZARD

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Rapid urbanization, changing land use, and altering lifestyles undoubtedly affect the health of t... more Rapid urbanization, changing land use, and altering lifestyles undoubtedly affect the health of the community. The paper focuses to encompass the effects of urban human life with respect to their surroundings and highlight the health hazards and challenges faced by the urban dwellers. This study also examines the urban quality of life, focusing on subjective dimension, investigating individual, urban factors, trying to represent the spatial variability of life satisfaction and overall well-being. The study was conducted in “Shamsabad” Rawalpindi, using a blend of qualitative and quantitative tools through a sample of 50. Results showed that urban human life was significantly correlated with health hazards. The busy routines, changing housing patterns, altering family ties, noise pollution, all lead to severe psychological impacts on the dwellers negatively affecting their mental health

A SOCIAL AUDIT OF UNPLANNED URBANIZATION AND HUMAN PSYCHOLOGY

Planning is a process which involves the determination of future course of action. Proper urban p... more Planning is a process which involves the determination of future course of action. Proper urban planning is required to ensure sustainable utilization of land available in urban areas. Urbanization is a driving force as well as a source of development while unplanned urbanization and settlements are the conditions resulted by the improper planning, which leaves adverse effects on the human psychology, health, sanitation, traffic, security, housing and other such aspects of life, marked with uncontrolled migration leading to crime and stress .The present study has been conducted in” Dhokh Khaba” Rawalpindi. The data in this paper has been collected by using structured questionnaire and informal interviews. The correlation analysis showed that unplanned urbanization and migration lead to disorganized housing structures; mainly smaller and vertical buildings, that led to limited social interaction, weakened familial ties, change in interactional patterns with neighbors which combination led to increased stress and depression among the urban dwellers.

TEACHING STYLES: DETERMINANTS OF STUDENT’S LEARNING AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Teaching style is defined as “planed headed for move up effective awareness during teaching, dive... more Teaching style is defined as “planed headed for move up effective awareness during teaching, diversity of lecturer activity and learning atmosphere of the requirement of the students” The present study has been conducted at the PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi as at random sampling used for both male and female students or respondents. The purpose of this study was to explore the Teacher’s strategies to cope with student behavior to enhance academic performance of university students. This research helps to find the relationship of student behavior and their academic performance on teacher behavior .Teacher behavior directly effect on students behavior and their academic performance.

HYPERGAMY, MARITAL ALLIANCES AND ECONOMIC CHANGE: A STUDY OF INDIGENOUS MARRIAGE PATTERNS

by Muhib E Silsila Chist, Adnan Nasir, and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

In societal structure marriage is one of the important social institutions in which hypergamy and... more In societal structure marriage is one of the important social institutions in which hypergamy and many other indigenous marriage practices are observable. The economic changes can affect the marital alliance positively and negatively due to which changes in marriage institution can be seen. The present study was conducted to investigate the different dimensions of hypergamy practiced especially by females and also to study the effects of economic crisis on marital alliances. For this purpose the data was collected randomly from unmarried women. The study was using the qualitative techniques by drawing a sample of 100 respondents by using a semi structured questionnaire. It has been found that hypergamy is less practice in current societal setting. The economic crisis creates the waves which effects the marital alliances. The study was focused on keeping in mind the indigenous patterns of marriage to know the hypergamy and current societal setup to study the effects of economic crisis on marital alliances

ASCRIBED STATUS AND URBANIZATION: AN EVOLUTIONIST PERSPECTIVE AND INDIGENOUS RESPONSE

Ascribed status is a socially prescribed status assigned to the individual by birth. With rapid u... more Ascribed status is a socially prescribed status assigned to the individual by birth. With rapid urbanization and increase in population, resource inequality between the rural and the urban sectors has majorly increased leading to migration. The role of ascribed status in achieving resources and thus changing the achieved status still prevails in our societies. The objective of the study is to explore the depth of the role played by ascribed status in achieving resources in an urban setup. The type of questionnaire was qualitative in which tool used is mixed of qualitative and quantitative. The sample of study was 50. The data was collected in the area of Shamsabad Rawalpindi and gathered through convenient sampling. Statistical analysis of chi-square proved that hypothesis, people status effect in society significant value is 0.003>0.05 and people change their caste to seek respect significant value is 0.027>0.05.

ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINISM, COMPETITION AND CONFLICT: A MARXIST PERSPECTIVE

Scarcity of natural resources, determines the intensity of the competition and conflict among the... more Scarcity of natural resources, determines the intensity of the competition and conflict among the community, while the victor of the conflict and access to the resources is decided by the social status and class. The paper attempts to form a triangular relationship between 'ecology', 'conflict' and 'access to resources' demonstrating their interplay in the light of environmental determinism and Marxist perspective. The research locale and sampling frame were the villages of „Ghora Gali‟ and „Arukas‟, from where 200 sampling units, 100 from each locale respectively, were selected through convenience sampling. The paper revealed that scarcity of environmental resources, preferential treatment in distribution assets are directly correlated with competition and conflicts. Moreover, access to resources was correlated to preference on the basis of status.

QUASI-JUDICIAL ROLE OF PANCHAYAT SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY SOUTHERN RURAL PUNJAB

Panchayat system has been operational as the lowest administrative unit since pre-partition ancie... more Panchayat system has been operational as the lowest administrative unit since pre-partition ancient medieval times. It has been an influential tool for bringing justice to the local communities, as a conflict resolution body for village level disputes and to systematize social, cultural and religious activities. The paper explores the preference of the community and their views towards the panchayat system as a judicial body. The study locale was district Lodhran‟s village “1-Chak”, the sample size was 153 selected through random sampling. The results reflected that the community was exceptionally dependent upon the „panchayat and biradari system‟ for resolving their issues, and it worked as a fundamental justice providing body. The preference for panchayat system was affirmed to be for various reasons which firstly included; „confidentiality‟, “time efficiency‟ and „the complications of judicial law” provided by the government.

MANNAT AND ASSOCIATED BELIEFS SYSTEM OF PEOPLE VISITING SHRINES

by Attiya Batool, Hyder Shar, and Adnan Nasir

Abstract: Shrines of Sufi Saints remain a significant aspect of the religious and social structur... more Abstract: Shrines of Sufi Saints remain a significant aspect of the religious and social structure of Pakistan. They are
fundamentally functional in creating social participation, provision of entertainment in the form of devotional music
and songs (qawali), educating people, distribution of food, sweets, money etc. The purpose behind the present study
was to explore the notion of Mannat and its existing types and practices in different religions and sects of the existing
society. To uncover the associated belief systems of people visiting Shrines. Moreover, to understand the underlying
casual factors compelling people to make Mannat. The study’s sampling frame was Shrine of Hazrat Bari Imam in village
Noor Pur Shahan of Capital Territory Islamabad, from which a sample of 80 respondents was purposively selected. The
study used a blend of both qualitative and quantitative tools. The results showed

A SOCIAL INQUIRY OR LEARNING HURDLES: MYTH ANALYSIS AND STRUCTURAL PERSPECTIVE OF LEARNING

by Mazhar Hussain, Adnan Nasir, and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Students around the world have to face many dilemmas when it comes to the process of learning and... more Students around the world have to face many dilemmas when it comes to the process of learning and contains many myths concerned with their learning. The study focused to unveil the various hurdles faced by students during the learning process and also analyze the effects of myth on the overall process. The locale of the study was Rawalpindi, while the data was collected from a sample size of 75, using convenience sampling. The conclusion of the study is that the behavior of the teachers, and teacher-student interaction seriously effects the learning ability of a student, self-esteem, confidence level and academic performance.

Rural Conflicts and Alliance Formation: A Cultural Strategy

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Conflict is a form of competition between groups or individuals over incompatible goals, scarce r... more Conflict is a form of competition between groups or individuals over incompatible goals, scarce resources, or power making sources to acquire them. In Asia, particularly in India and Pakistan, socio-cultural conflicts exist not only in villages but also urban areas where most of the time dominating biradaries involved in such conflict to sustain their power within the society. Present research is about grouping/alliance formation and its relation with village conflicts in District Lodhran of Punjab- Pakistan. Biradaries/caste’s are observed as the key determinant of such alliance formation. Data of 153 respondents show that biradari plays a key role to develop influences leading to separate groups and factions. Biradari with 66.67% percentile emerged as the major cause behind power group formation, politics with 27.45% percent and religion with 5.88 percent. The Biradari system is very strong in the area, with people mostly living in joint family systems thus the groups formed are also influenced by the biradaries. Main causes of rural conflicts were; women issue, land conflicts, biradari concerns and honor.

URBAN TRAFFIC JAMS, HEALTH EMERGENCIES AND ARCHITECTURAL PERSPECTIVE

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Traffic congestion is directly consequential of an ineffective city planning, practices of urban ... more Traffic congestion is directly consequential of an ineffective city planning, practices of urban design and zoning laws which unswervingly plays a negative role during health emergencies, often resulting into deaths. The paper highlights the extent to which traffic jams, architectural inadequacy, and traffic planning effect the health emergencies. The study was conducted in the part of ‘Rawalpindi’, through a sample of 50 respondents. Efficient management by the transport authorities, effectual land use, and infrastructural measures are required to tone down traffic congestion and avoid loss of lives during emergencies.

SOCIAL MOBILITY AND CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Social mobility is a movement of individuals, groups or families from one social position to anot... more Social mobility is a movement of individuals, groups or families from one social position to another for the purpose of their occupation, education, as well as updating their social status. When people migrate from one place to another they also transmit and adopt a part of their culture. The current study was organized to explore the various aspects of social mobilityand cultural resource management amongst inhabitants of Dhouk Kala Khan and Christian Colony Rawalpindi. The objective of the study is in the course of study the natural world of social mobility amongst the lowest castes. The data was collected randomly from inhabitants of those areas by using a questionnaire which was close ended as well as open ended and personal observations were also included. In the study we used the qualitative method and sample was of 52 respondents. It has been observed by the examining of various aspects that in present society people are more following social mobility. Inhabitants of those areas were facing economic problems. This study was paying attention especially social mobility in lowest castes.

PAKISTAN’S ECONOMIC IMBROGLIO IN POST 2008

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

The analysis of economic crisis indicates that there is a considerable shift of public resources ... more The analysis of economic crisis indicates that there is a considerable shift of public resources from social sector to defense sector and security affairs. This shift has changed the development priorities and financial resources have been taken away from socio-economic sector. Supply bottlenecks including gas and power load shedding are considered as a major factor affecting private investment and economic growth. Terrorism has taken a high toll on Pakistan’s economy which leads to slow economic growth, low investment, high rate of inflation, and higher levels of fiscal deficits. Low economic growth and decline in private investment also leads to higher rate of unemployment, which further aggravated the economic situation of the country.

NALA LAI AND URBAN ECOLOGY: A STUDY OF DWELLERS AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

The urban ecology which seriously affects the health and lifestyle of the dwellers, in case of Na... more The urban ecology which seriously affects the health and lifestyle of the dwellers, in case of Nala Lai poses fatal threats to their well-being. These human settlements are crushed and vocations are put at danger, monetary misfortunes are resulted and death toll is influenced. The study highlights the issues faced by the dwellers around Nala Lai, the role of disaster management administration in case of emergencies and other wise, and reveals the issues faced by the dwellers at serious risks. The study was conducted around areas near Nala Lai, Rawalpindi using a sample of 50 households. It is firmly proposed that the crisis administration authorities ought to comprehend life design in powerless territories to proficient and unbiased deal with the assets.

MISAPPLICATION OF FUNCTIONAL ZONES AND IMPLICATION ON ENVIRONMENT DEGRADATION

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

The present study focus on the industrial zone and the impact of industrial pollution on health a... more The present study focus on the industrial zone and the impact of industrial pollution on health and focus on the environment in the area of Peshawar Mor near Golra Mor where there exist plywood industries spanning over six decades and some other small industries. Growing interest in environmental degradation by industrial development witnessed by new journal of ecosystems. The study was based determine potential of functional zone (Plywood industry) for environmental degradation and evaluate the misapplication of functional plywood industry. Industry and development are complementary to each other but one side of story is good the other side of the story is not impressive.

HYPERGAMY, MARITAL ALLIANCES AND ECONOMIC CHANGE: A STUDY OF INDIGENOUS MARRIAGE PATTERNS

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

In societal structure marriage is one of the important social institutions in which hypergamy and... more In societal structure marriage is one of the important social institutions in which hypergamy and many other indigenous marriage practices are observable. The economic changes can affect the marital alliance positively and negatively due to which changes in marriage institution can be seen. The present study was conducted to investigate the different dimensions of hypergamy practiced especially by females and also to study the effects of economic crisis on marital alliances. For this purpose the data was collected randomly from unmarried women. The study was using the qualitative techniques by drawing a sample of 100 respondents by using a semi structured questionnaire. It has been found that hypergamy is less practice in current societal setting. The economic crisis creates the waves which effects the marital alliances. The study was focused on keeping in mind the indigenous patterns of marriage to know the hypergamy and current societal setup to study the effects of economic crisis on marital alliances

GOOD GOVERNANCE AND NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT: AN INDIGENOUS PRESPECTIVE ON SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

by Adnan Nasir, Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry, and aimen hadi

Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) has been verified as essential, if real and effective sustainab... more Indigenous Knowledge System (IKS) has been verified as essential, if real and effective sustainable development is the goal. The study focuses to highlight the shortcomings of development projects that consider the traditional knowledge and practices as redundant and ignore the importance of identification and inclusion of local views, perceptions, resources and constraints in the project design and implementation. The data was collected from the locales; Ghora Gali and Arukas, by selecting a sample of 200 respondents through convenience sampling. The results concluded that technologies designed through top-down approach were not easily adopted, only 22.5% adopted the techniques, 3.5% participated then left, while a mounting majority of 74%respondnets were laggards.

EXPLORING NOISE POLLUTION, SOURCE AND ITS IMPACTS: AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDY OF RAWALPINDI CITY

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

The current study deals with the impact of noise pollution on the population of Rawalpindi and th... more The current study deals with the impact of noise pollution on the population of Rawalpindi and the way noise is leaving adverse affects on the life of residents of Rawalpindi. Literature has been reviewed in two major categories i.e. impact of noise on auditory health and non-auditory health. However specific literature regarding children and minors has also been reviewed to see that how come noise can leave much different kind of unfavourable effects on children. Data was collected through a questionnaire having 25 questions from 50 respondents. Out of 25 questions 16 questions were closed ended and rest of the questions were open ended questions used in the instrument. Data was collected by survey technique in cross sectional time scale

CAUSES OF CHILD DELINQUENCY: MARXIST PERESPECTIVE

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Child delinquency is antisocial behavior or violation of the law that is committed by children th... more Child delinquency is antisocial behavior or violation of the law that is committed by children that is not punished by death or life imprisonment. The purpose of study was to find out the causes of child delinquency keeping in view the Marxist perspective and find out the factors which contribute to child crime. Further, to illustrate the role of socialization and ICT on child delinquency. The study locale was district Rawalpindi, while the data was collected from a sample of 75 respondents which was selected by convenient sampling, through qualitative and quantitative tools. The study reflected that the majority of the respondents claimed that children involved in crimes at some level are majorly affected by the environment of their homes, socialization and some due to the use of ICT.

BIRADARISM AND RURAL CONFLICT AS A DETERMINANT OF POLITICAL BEHAVIOR: A CASE STUDY OF RURAL PUNJAB

by Adnan Nasir, aimen hadi, and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Arousal of conflicts is rooted in the clash of interests, struggle to access resources and persua... more Arousal of conflicts is rooted in the clash of interests, struggle to access resources and persuasion of power. The game of power struggle is not played alone but is supported by factionalism which incase of South Asian countries corresponds majorly to Biradarism. The study highlights the role of rural conflicts among various factions in manipulating and altering political behavior. The data was collected from District Lodhran, village “1-Chak”, Punjab province through a blend of qualitative and quantitative tools, from a sample of 153 respondents.

AN ANTHROPOLGICAL INVESTIGATION OF URBAN HUMAN LIFE AND HEALTH HAZARD

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Rapid urbanization, changing land use, and altering lifestyles undoubtedly affect the health of t... more Rapid urbanization, changing land use, and altering lifestyles undoubtedly affect the health of the community. The paper focuses to encompass the effects of urban human life with respect to their surroundings and highlight the health hazards and challenges faced by the urban dwellers. This study also examines the urban quality of life, focusing on subjective dimension, investigating individual, urban factors, trying to represent the spatial variability of life satisfaction and overall well-being. The study was conducted in “Shamsabad” Rawalpindi, using a blend of qualitative and quantitative tools through a sample of 50. Results showed that urban human life was significantly correlated with health hazards. The busy routines, changing housing patterns, altering family ties, noise pollution, all lead to severe psychological impacts on the dwellers negatively affecting their mental health

A SOCIAL AUDIT OF UNPLANNED URBANIZATION AND HUMAN PSYCHOLOGY

Planning is a process which involves the determination of future course of action. Proper urban p... more Planning is a process which involves the determination of future course of action. Proper urban planning is required to ensure sustainable utilization of land available in urban areas. Urbanization is a driving force as well as a source of development while unplanned urbanization and settlements are the conditions resulted by the improper planning, which leaves adverse effects on the human psychology, health, sanitation, traffic, security, housing and other such aspects of life, marked with uncontrolled migration leading to crime and stress .The present study has been conducted in” Dhokh Khaba” Rawalpindi. The data in this paper has been collected by using structured questionnaire and informal interviews. The correlation analysis showed that unplanned urbanization and migration lead to disorganized housing structures; mainly smaller and vertical buildings, that led to limited social interaction, weakened familial ties, change in interactional patterns with neighbors which combination led to increased stress and depression among the urban dwellers.

TEACHING STYLES: DETERMINANTS OF STUDENT’S LEARNING AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

by Adnan Nasir and Dr. Abid G. Chaudhry

Teaching style is defined as “planed headed for move up effective awareness during teaching, dive... more Teaching style is defined as “planed headed for move up effective awareness during teaching, diversity of lecturer activity and learning atmosphere of the requirement of the students” The present study has been conducted at the PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi as at random sampling used for both male and female students or respondents. The purpose of this study was to explore the Teacher’s strategies to cope with student behavior to enhance academic performance of university students. This research helps to find the relationship of student behavior and their academic performance on teacher behavior .Teacher behavior directly effect on students behavior and their academic performance.