Although the link between the level of the psychological distress of victims after a rape and lif... more Although the link between the level of the psychological distress of victims after a rape and life events that occurred before the attack has historically been attributed to a general event-related disruption of the victim’s psychological equilibrium, recent research suggests that only specific types of preattack events—those the victim perceives as making her vulnerable to future harm—may be associated with the postassault level of fear experienced by the rape victim. To test this thesis empirically, the authors compared the levels of fear of three groups of recent victims, one and six months after the rape: those who had experienced at least one life-threatening event in the year before the attack, those who had experienced only nonthreatening (but major-impact) events, and those who had experienced no major-impact events. Victims who had experienced at least one life-threatening event in the previous year were found to have significantly higher one-month and six-month (controllin...
Family drug courts (FDCs) are designed to help abused and neglected children by addressing parent... more Family drug courts (FDCs) are designed to help abused and neglected children by addressing parental substance abuse within the context of family court child-protection cases. Specifically, FDCs handle cases (1) involving parental rights in which an adult is the respondent; (2) that come before the court through either a civil or criminal process; and (3) that arise out of the substance abuse of the adult parent and deal with custody and visitation disputes; abuse, neglect, and dependency matters; petitions to terminate parental rights; guardianship proceedings; or other laws, restrictions, or limitations of parental rights (Cooper and Bartlett, 1998). According to a recent drug court clearinghouse report, 10 FDCs are operating in the United States and 10 more are in the planning stage (Cooper and Bartlett, 1998).
Final Report on the Evaluation of the Judicial Oversight Demonstration Chapter 1. Executive Summa... more Final Report on the Evaluation of the Judicial Oversight Demonstration Chapter 1. Executive Summary he Judicial Oversight Demonstration (JOD) was designed to test the feasibility and impact of a coordinated response to intimate partner violence (IPV) that involved the courts and justice agencies in a central role. The primary goals were to protect victim safety, hold offenders accountable, and reduce repeat offending. The JOD model called for a strong judicial response combined with coordinated community services and integrated justice system policies in IPV cases. JOD consolidated gains in legal protections for domestic violence victims made in the past two decades within justice agencies and incorporated lessons on effective responses to IPV identified in studies of law enforcement, prosecution, court specialization, victim services, and coordinated community action. To test this model, three sites-Dorchester, Massachusetts, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and Washtenaw County, Michigan-received support for multi-year demonstration projects.
This document was previously available in ASCII format only. It was converted to Portable Documen... more This document was previously available in ASCII format only. It was converted to Portable Document Format (PDF) on the date below as part of ICPSR's CD-ROM project CD0024, supported by the National Institute of Justice. The document is completely searchable. No additional ...
Chapter II. Evaluation of the BTC Implementation of the Drug Court Model and Drug Treatment Servi... more Chapter II. Evaluation of the BTC Implementation of the Drug Court Model and Drug Treatment Services .
To download this abstract, check the box next to the NCJ number then click the &q... more To download this abstract, check the box next to the NCJ number then click the "Back To Search Results" link. Click the "Download" button on the Search Results page. ... In 1997, Birmingham, Alabama, became the first major US city to take a comprehensive approach ...
Abstract: The Children-at-Risk program (CAR), a drug and delinquency prevention program, targets ... more Abstract: The Children-at-Risk program (CAR), a drug and delinquency prevention program, targets high-risk adolescents aged 11 to 13 who live in distressed neighborhoods. The program features integrated delivery of comprehensive services that are tailored to the ...
The evaluation of the Washington, D.C., Superior Court Drug Intervention Program (SCDIP) compared... more The evaluation of the Washington, D.C., Superior Court Drug Intervention Program (SCDIP) compared drug felony defendants randomly assigned to either a docket offering structured graduated sanctions in combination with drug testing and judicial monitoring, or a docket using drug tests and judicial monitoring only. Assignment to the graduated sanctions docket was found to reduce drug use prior to sentencing. Program participants were significantly less likely to use drugs prior to sentencing, and, in the year after sentencing, were significantly less likely to be arrested and and had significantly fewer arrests. This paper describes characteristics of the sanctioning program that appear highly correlated with positive outcomes.
This article reports a State Justice Institute funded research project attempting to demonstrate ... more This article reports a State Justice Institute funded research project attempting to demonstrate the di@erence between mediation and evaluation disputes over child custo+, and visitation where domestic violence is involved. The researchers attempted to develop samples at two courts
In 1999, three communities were selected to participate in a research demonstration designed to t... more In 1999, three communities were selected to participate in a research demonstration designed to test the feasibility and impact of a coordinated response to intimate partner violence that involved the courts and justice agencies in a central role. The primary goals of the Judicial Oversight Demonstration (JOD) were to increase victim safety, hold offenders accountable, and reduce repeat offending using coordinated community services and integrated justice system policies in intimate partner violence court cases. The partnerships differed from earlier coordinated community responses to domestic violence by placing special focus on the role of the court, specifically the judge, to facilitate offender accountability in collaboration with both nonprofit service providers and other criminal justice agencies. This article presents the results of an impact evaluation of this demonstration in all sites. The demonstration received mostly positive responses from justice system agencies, service providers, offenders, and victims. Improvements were
To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally-funded grant final report avail... more To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally-funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. The Judicial Oversight Demonstration (JOD) was designed to implement and test model responses to intimate partner violence (IPV) that featured a strong judicial response combined with coordinated community services and integrated justice system policies. The primary goals of JOD were to protect victim safety, improve offender accountability, and reduce the incidence of intimate partner violence. Core strategies of the Judicial Oversight Demonstration interventions are: • uniform and consistent initial responses to domestic violence offenses, including: a) pro-arrest policies, b) arrest of primary aggressor, and c) coordinated response by law enforcement and victim advocates; • coordinated ...
The nonpartisan Urban Institute publishes studies, reports, and books on timely topics worthy of ... more The nonpartisan Urban Institute publishes studies, reports, and books on timely topics worthy of public consideration. The views expressed are those of the authors and should not be attributed to the Urban Institute, its trustees, or its funders.
Key issues: Researchers measured the impact of the programs on defendants' drug use, criminal act... more Key issues: Researchers measured the impact of the programs on defendants' drug use, criminal activity, and social and economic functioning using court records and self-report data from a survey of defendants. The study also examined program costs and estimated the value of benefits in the form of averted costs of victimization, arrest, prosecution, and incarceration. Key findings: Among the impact evaluation findings are the following: q Sanctions program participants were significantly less likely than the standard docket sample to be arrested in the year following sentencing. q Assignment to dockets offering the experimental programs significantly reduced defendants' drug use during pretrial release. The reductions in drug use were even greater
This paper presents a cost-benefit analysis of the returns to the public from reductions in recid... more This paper presents a cost-benefit analysis of the returns to the public from reductions in recidivism associated with a graduated sanctioning program for drug felony defendants. Estimates of program costs for operating a court-based drug testing and sanctioning program are presented with estimates of the value of potential benefits of averted criminal incidents and crime control. The results, based on the evaluation of the Superior Court Drug Intervention Program in Washington, D.C., found that the program saved two dollars in averted crimerelated costs for every dollar spent on the program. This paper presents explicit description of the methods used to derive these results so that they may be applied to the evaluation of other experimental/quasi-experimental programs.
Abstract 1. This research tested the thesis that adolescent problem drinking may be manifest in a... more Abstract 1. This research tested the thesis that adolescent problem drinking may be manifest in any of four independent domains (measured by the 24-item screening instrument, the Adolescent Drinking Inventory: Drinking and You): drinking-related loss of control, social ...
Although the link between the level of the psychological distress of victims after a rape and lif... more Although the link between the level of the psychological distress of victims after a rape and life events that occurred before the attack has historically been attributed to a general event-related disruption of the victim’s psychological equilibrium, recent research suggests that only specific types of preattack events—those the victim perceives as making her vulnerable to future harm—may be associated with the postassault level of fear experienced by the rape victim. To test this thesis empirically, the authors compared the levels of fear of three groups of recent victims, one and six months after the rape: those who had experienced at least one life-threatening event in the year before the attack, those who had experienced only nonthreatening (but major-impact) events, and those who had experienced no major-impact events. Victims who had experienced at least one life-threatening event in the previous year were found to have significantly higher one-month and six-month (controllin...
Family drug courts (FDCs) are designed to help abused and neglected children by addressing parent... more Family drug courts (FDCs) are designed to help abused and neglected children by addressing parental substance abuse within the context of family court child-protection cases. Specifically, FDCs handle cases (1) involving parental rights in which an adult is the respondent; (2) that come before the court through either a civil or criminal process; and (3) that arise out of the substance abuse of the adult parent and deal with custody and visitation disputes; abuse, neglect, and dependency matters; petitions to terminate parental rights; guardianship proceedings; or other laws, restrictions, or limitations of parental rights (Cooper and Bartlett, 1998). According to a recent drug court clearinghouse report, 10 FDCs are operating in the United States and 10 more are in the planning stage (Cooper and Bartlett, 1998).
Final Report on the Evaluation of the Judicial Oversight Demonstration Chapter 1. Executive Summa... more Final Report on the Evaluation of the Judicial Oversight Demonstration Chapter 1. Executive Summary he Judicial Oversight Demonstration (JOD) was designed to test the feasibility and impact of a coordinated response to intimate partner violence (IPV) that involved the courts and justice agencies in a central role. The primary goals were to protect victim safety, hold offenders accountable, and reduce repeat offending. The JOD model called for a strong judicial response combined with coordinated community services and integrated justice system policies in IPV cases. JOD consolidated gains in legal protections for domestic violence victims made in the past two decades within justice agencies and incorporated lessons on effective responses to IPV identified in studies of law enforcement, prosecution, court specialization, victim services, and coordinated community action. To test this model, three sites-Dorchester, Massachusetts, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and Washtenaw County, Michigan-received support for multi-year demonstration projects.
This document was previously available in ASCII format only. It was converted to Portable Documen... more This document was previously available in ASCII format only. It was converted to Portable Document Format (PDF) on the date below as part of ICPSR's CD-ROM project CD0024, supported by the National Institute of Justice. The document is completely searchable. No additional ...
Chapter II. Evaluation of the BTC Implementation of the Drug Court Model and Drug Treatment Servi... more Chapter II. Evaluation of the BTC Implementation of the Drug Court Model and Drug Treatment Services .
To download this abstract, check the box next to the NCJ number then click the &q... more To download this abstract, check the box next to the NCJ number then click the "Back To Search Results" link. Click the "Download" button on the Search Results page. ... In 1997, Birmingham, Alabama, became the first major US city to take a comprehensive approach ...
Abstract: The Children-at-Risk program (CAR), a drug and delinquency prevention program, targets ... more Abstract: The Children-at-Risk program (CAR), a drug and delinquency prevention program, targets high-risk adolescents aged 11 to 13 who live in distressed neighborhoods. The program features integrated delivery of comprehensive services that are tailored to the ...
The evaluation of the Washington, D.C., Superior Court Drug Intervention Program (SCDIP) compared... more The evaluation of the Washington, D.C., Superior Court Drug Intervention Program (SCDIP) compared drug felony defendants randomly assigned to either a docket offering structured graduated sanctions in combination with drug testing and judicial monitoring, or a docket using drug tests and judicial monitoring only. Assignment to the graduated sanctions docket was found to reduce drug use prior to sentencing. Program participants were significantly less likely to use drugs prior to sentencing, and, in the year after sentencing, were significantly less likely to be arrested and and had significantly fewer arrests. This paper describes characteristics of the sanctioning program that appear highly correlated with positive outcomes.
This article reports a State Justice Institute funded research project attempting to demonstrate ... more This article reports a State Justice Institute funded research project attempting to demonstrate the di@erence between mediation and evaluation disputes over child custo+, and visitation where domestic violence is involved. The researchers attempted to develop samples at two courts
In 1999, three communities were selected to participate in a research demonstration designed to t... more In 1999, three communities were selected to participate in a research demonstration designed to test the feasibility and impact of a coordinated response to intimate partner violence that involved the courts and justice agencies in a central role. The primary goals of the Judicial Oversight Demonstration (JOD) were to increase victim safety, hold offenders accountable, and reduce repeat offending using coordinated community services and integrated justice system policies in intimate partner violence court cases. The partnerships differed from earlier coordinated community responses to domestic violence by placing special focus on the role of the court, specifically the judge, to facilitate offender accountability in collaboration with both nonprofit service providers and other criminal justice agencies. This article presents the results of an impact evaluation of this demonstration in all sites. The demonstration received mostly positive responses from justice system agencies, service providers, offenders, and victims. Improvements were
To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally-funded grant final report avail... more To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally-funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. The Judicial Oversight Demonstration (JOD) was designed to implement and test model responses to intimate partner violence (IPV) that featured a strong judicial response combined with coordinated community services and integrated justice system policies. The primary goals of JOD were to protect victim safety, improve offender accountability, and reduce the incidence of intimate partner violence. Core strategies of the Judicial Oversight Demonstration interventions are: • uniform and consistent initial responses to domestic violence offenses, including: a) pro-arrest policies, b) arrest of primary aggressor, and c) coordinated response by law enforcement and victim advocates; • coordinated ...
The nonpartisan Urban Institute publishes studies, reports, and books on timely topics worthy of ... more The nonpartisan Urban Institute publishes studies, reports, and books on timely topics worthy of public consideration. The views expressed are those of the authors and should not be attributed to the Urban Institute, its trustees, or its funders.
Key issues: Researchers measured the impact of the programs on defendants' drug use, criminal act... more Key issues: Researchers measured the impact of the programs on defendants' drug use, criminal activity, and social and economic functioning using court records and self-report data from a survey of defendants. The study also examined program costs and estimated the value of benefits in the form of averted costs of victimization, arrest, prosecution, and incarceration. Key findings: Among the impact evaluation findings are the following: q Sanctions program participants were significantly less likely than the standard docket sample to be arrested in the year following sentencing. q Assignment to dockets offering the experimental programs significantly reduced defendants' drug use during pretrial release. The reductions in drug use were even greater
This paper presents a cost-benefit analysis of the returns to the public from reductions in recid... more This paper presents a cost-benefit analysis of the returns to the public from reductions in recidivism associated with a graduated sanctioning program for drug felony defendants. Estimates of program costs for operating a court-based drug testing and sanctioning program are presented with estimates of the value of potential benefits of averted criminal incidents and crime control. The results, based on the evaluation of the Superior Court Drug Intervention Program in Washington, D.C., found that the program saved two dollars in averted crimerelated costs for every dollar spent on the program. This paper presents explicit description of the methods used to derive these results so that they may be applied to the evaluation of other experimental/quasi-experimental programs.
Abstract 1. This research tested the thesis that adolescent problem drinking may be manifest in a... more Abstract 1. This research tested the thesis that adolescent problem drinking may be manifest in any of four independent domains (measured by the 24-item screening instrument, the Adolescent Drinking Inventory: Drinking and You): drinking-related loss of control, social ...
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