Papers by Abraham Kuruvilla
American Journal of Electroneurodiagnostic Technology
Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Jan 15, 2011
Up to 15-25% of patients with ischemic stroke wake up with their deficits. Because of the uncerta... more Up to 15-25% of patients with ischemic stroke wake up with their deficits. Because of the uncertainty about the time of onset, these patients are generally not offered thrombolytic therapy. Some of these wake-up stroke patients may be eligible for acute endovascular stroke therapy based on hyperacute CT or MR imaging independent of the time window. We report two patients with acute ischemic stroke whose symptoms were present upon awakening and who were successfully treated with endovascular interventions. The first patient was discharged with complete neurological recovery on second day after endovascular intervention. The second patient went home on fifth day with a mild left facial paresis and left arm drift. Both these patients did not have any neurological deficit on 18-month follow up. Some patients who present with stroke on awakening may be candidates for thrombolytic therapy or recanalization techniques irrespective of mode of therapy (intravenous, intravenous+intra-arterial or intra-arterial tPA alone). Further randomized, controlled studies are warranted to safely identify those candidates who would benefit from thrombolysis and endovascular interventions in ischemic wake-up strokes.
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, 1986
A permanent cell line, S635c15, was derived from an anaplastic astrocytoma induced by the Schmidt... more A permanent cell line, S635c15, was derived from an anaplastic astrocytoma induced by the Schmidt-Ruppin strain of avian sarcoma virus (ASV) in a female F-344 rat. Persistent expression of the astrocytic differentiation protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), was detected both in cultured cells after 100 passages in vitro and in transplanted tumors. Subcutaneous and intracerebral transplantation of S635c15 cells in syngeneic rats resulted in a 100% tumor incidence and a reproducible mortality distribution. S635c15 cells formed discrete masses after subcutaneous injection but grew intracranially as infiltrative lesions. Tumor blood flow and blood-to-tissue transport studies yield comparable values to other rat glioma models; S635c15 intracranial tumors proved to be a homogeneous model with little variation within and between tumors with respect to morphology, GFAP expression, blood flow, and permeability. This cell line provides a GFAP-expressing brain tumor model that extends the use of autochthonous ASV-induced astrocytomas by allowing in vitro and in vivo studies. It may be useful for further studies in neurobiology and brain tumor biology, diagnosis, and therapy.
Neurology India, 2001
We report a patient, with Wilson's disease, who showed the characteristic radiolo... more We report a patient, with Wilson's disease, who showed the characteristic radiological sign known as 'Face of the giant panda sign' on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain.
Neurology India, Apr 1, 2001
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 1996
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control, 1995
Poster session 19. Mvotonia and neuromyotonia them, and threefold higher with all 3 of the growth... more Poster session 19. Mvotonia and neuromyotonia them, and threefold higher with all 3 of the growth factors. These findings indicate that CGRE EGF and IL-6 facilitate myoblast differentiation and act through different mechanisms.
Neurology India, 2002
Magnetic resonance images (MRI) in a patient with primary lateral sclerosis is described. T2WI, M... more Magnetic resonance images (MRI) in a patient with primary lateral sclerosis is described. T2WI, MRI of brain showed characteristic hyperintensities of the corticospinal tracts bilaterally, extending from the internal capsule to the brain stem - producing a 'wine glass' appearance on coronal sections, which has not been described so far to the best of our knowledge. Differential diagnosis of this interesting 'wine glass' appearance on MRI along with a review of the MR-signal abnormalities in motor neuron disease is discussed.
Singapore medical journal, 2001
Little has been published on Neurocysticercosis (NCC) in the State of Kerala, South India. This s... more Little has been published on Neurocysticercosis (NCC) in the State of Kerala, South India. This study was conducted to describe the clinical and radiological features of NCC in Kerala and also to study the frequency of NCC as seen in a tertiary referral setting. We evaluated retrospectively 11 patients who were admitted with a diagnosis of NCC from 1986 to 1998. A pre-abstracted proforma containing detailed demographic data, dietary habits, clinical features and history of travel outside Kerala and neuroimaging findings were obtained from patient records and the data was tabulated and analysed. Follow up assessment was made three months after treatment. There were a total of 11 patients, including nine males and two females in the age range of 24 to 62 years and a mean age of 35.2 years. All were nonvegans, only 36% were pork eaters while 18% claimed consumption of salads and uncooked vegetables. 55% of patients were migrants. Migrants were defined as those who lived outside the sta...
Journal of the Indian Medical Association, 2004
In this study, 55 cases of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) in children and adolescents of 2-18 year... more In this study, 55 cases of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) in children and adolescents of 2-18 years of age were analysed retrospectively to study the clinical profile and to evaluate the prognostic value of reduced compound muscle action potential (CMAP) on the need for ventilation and functional outcome. Of the 28 boys and 27 girls 87.3% were bed-bound at peak deficit. Other features were as follows: Bifacial weakness-75%, bulbar weakness-56.4%, need for assisted ventilation-41.8% and albuminocytological dissociation-65.9%. In the ventilated and non-ventilated group no difference was noted in the incidence of reduced CMAP amplitude (p-value > 0.5). At 3 months 83.3% and at 6 months 80.8% cases were ambulant with support. Reduced CMAP amplitude of less than 20% of the lower limit of the normal in at least 2 nerves did not predict the need for ventilation or the chance of independent walking at 3 or 6 months.
The Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 1997
In this retrospective study the clinical features in 16 children with spinal muscular atrophy (SM... more In this retrospective study the clinical features in 16 children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) were reviewed and classified into three stages. The muscle biopsy specimen were routinely processed with liquid-nitrogen-isopentane and 8 micron thick frozen-sections were studied for histochemical changes. The clinical features in Type III SMA resembled with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy andthe muscle biopsy was useful in distinguishing these two entities. It is being evaluated that prenatal diagnosis of SMA is possible with DNA technology" developed recently in our country.
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control, 1995
Poster session 21. Mononeuropathies, plexopathies and radiculopathies evaluation supported the di... more Poster session 21. Mononeuropathies, plexopathies and radiculopathies evaluation supported the diagnosis of the femoral neuropathy at the level of the inguinal ligament. We report this case to emphasize that femoral neuropathy can result as a complication of femoral vessel catherization. The likely etiology in this case could have been the application of prolonged pressure at the puncture site.
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Electromyography and Motor Control, 1995
Seizure, 2002
A distinctive scalp electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern of focal fast rhythmic epileptiform dis... more A distinctive scalp electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern of focal fast rhythmic epileptiform discharges (FREDs) in a 23year-old man with symptomatic localization related epilepsy is presented. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed cortical dysplasia over the right temporal region where the peculiar EEG abnormality was detected. We suggest that this characteristic EEG pattern may be predictive of focal cortical dysplasia (FCD). A brief review of the rhythmic EEG abnormalities in FCDs is also presented.
Seizure, 2003
Intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) has been traditionally used in the surgical management... more Intraoperative electrocorticography (ECoG) has been traditionally used in the surgical management of medically refractory partial epilepsies to identify the location and limits of the epileptogenic area, to guide the extent of resection, and to assess its completeness. Although in clinical use for many years, the basic questions regarding indications and limitations of this method has remained unanswered. ECoG plays a major role in tailored temporal lobectomies, whereas, it serves no practical purpose in standard resection of medial temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). Residual hippocampal spikes, unaltered by resection, correlate with a greater proportion of seizure recurrence. Intraoperative hippocampal ECoG can allow sparing of functionally important hippocampus, thus minimising postoperative memory decline. ECoG eminently aids removal of developmental malformations of brain, and most importantly, the excision of highly epileptogenic cortical dysplasias (CDs) for deciding the extent of resection for best seizure control. The ECoG can be a valuable tool during multiple subpial transections (MST).
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Papers by Abraham Kuruvilla