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Abolaji Dada

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Papers by Abolaji Dada

Climate change and intellectual property rights in Africa: Environmental necessity-economic opportunity

African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development, Nov 15, 2016

Promoting the development of clean technologies is critical in achieving a low-carbon economy in ... more Promoting the development of clean technologies is critical in achieving a low-carbon economy in Africa. The objective of this paper is to shed more light on the role of IPRs in the efforts to mitigate climate change in Africa. This paper argues that the existing IP regime, specifically the patent system, does not necessarily preclude African countries from developing clean technologies that meet world standards. However, African countries lack capacities to adapt, develop, deploy and operate high low-carbon technologies which can give them competitive advantage in the global market. This article proposes that African countries should create an institutional setup by which innovative strategies can easily be shared to accelerate and facilitate the development and diffusion of clean technologies. The paper concludes that unless African countries adopt appropriate policy mix to stimulate technological catch-up with rest of world in the area of clean technology development and diffusion, they will continue to lag behind and face deepening marginalization in the global economy, irrespective of the IP system regime.

Currency Redesign Policy Implementation: Implications for Industrial Performance in Nigeria

American Journal of Industrial and Business Management

This paper investigates the effect of currency redesign policy implementation on industrial perfo... more This paper investigates the effect of currency redesign policy implementation on industrial performance in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design using Google Form and Computer Aided Personal Interviewing (CAPI) tool for data collection, which were carried out in the months of February and March 2023. A total of 514 micro, small, medium and large scale enterprises (MSMLEs) were randomly selected across some selected industrial sectors in five states within the six geo-political zones and Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. A response rate of 59.53% at a reliability level of 95% was recorded. The study revealed that the currency redesign policy implementation has negative short term effect on industrial performance. The effect includes weak access to cash flow, vulnerable economic hardship, inadequate marketing/loss of customers; and low returns on business investment. In the long run, the study revealed the positive effect of the policy as leading to reduced currency counterfeiting, encouraged a cashless economy, addressing cash hoarding that has led to reduction in the incidences of kidnapping and terrorism as well as strengthen the Naira against the US dollar in the long run term. The result also revealed that the policy has a significant difference (X 2 = 15.3, p ≤ 0.05) on enterprise performances by scale from How to cite this paper: Dada, A. D.

Currency Redesign Policy Implementation: Implications for Industrial Performance in Nigeria

Abolaji D. Dada, 2023

This paper investigates the effect of currency redesign policy implementation on industrial perfo... more This paper investigates the effect of currency redesign policy implementation on industrial performance in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design using Google Form and Computer Aided Personal Interviewing (CAPI) tool for data collection, which were carried out in the months of February and March 2023. A total of 514 micro, small, medium and large scale enterprises (MSMLEs) were randomly selected across some selected industrial sectors in five states within the six geo-political zones and Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. A response rate of 59.53% at a reliability level of 95% was recorded. The study revealed that the currency redesign policy implementation has negative short term effect on industrial performance. The effect includes weak access to cash flow, vulnerable economic hardship, inadequate marketing/loss of customers; and low returns on business investment. In the long run, the study revealed the positive effect of the policy as leading to reduced currency counterfeiting, encouraged a cashless economy, addressing cash hoarding that has led to reduction in the incidences of kidnapping and terrorism as well as strengthen the Naira against the US dollar in the long run term. The result also revealed that the policy has a significant difference (X 2 = 15.3, p ≤ 0.05) on enterprise performances by scale from How to cite this paper: Dada, A. D.

Marketing of Fermented Cassava Flour in Akinyele Local Government Area, Oyo State

The study was carried out in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo State on marketing of fermente... more The study was carried out in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo State on marketing of fermented cassava flour (lafun) with the objective of examining the socio-economic characteristics of cassava marketers, determining the profit margin, ascertaining effect of some variables influencing the supply of cassava flour and identifying associated constraints. Primary data used for the study was collected from 80 respondents using simple random sampling technique. The empirical evidence from the analy- sis shows that the traders are predominantly female (70%) and mostly married (62.5%). The study further reveals that the marketing of lafun is a profitable venture at both the wholesale and retail levels with a profit of N6,890.32 per month. The quantity of cassava supplied was significantly determined by transportation cost (P0.01), marketing experience (P0.05), years of education (P0.10) and cost of storage (P0.05).The markets were observed to face transportation, storage and packaging ...

Taking Local Industry to Global Market: The Case for Nigerian Cassava Processing Companies

Journal of economics and sustainable development, 2016

Nigeria remains the largest economy in Africa and the 26 th largest in the world with GDP of $510... more Nigeria remains the largest economy in Africa and the 26 th largest in the world with GDP of $510 billion in 2013. To maintain the position, Nigeria must accelerate her industrial productivity by building new links with the rest of the global economy. The cassava processing industry is one of the sectors in the Nigerian economy that can help in such competition. Since the 1980s, Nigeria has remained the global leader in cassava production with an annual production of 45 million metric tonnes. However, the utilization of cassava has largely explored traditional technologies for processing of its roots into human food such as garri, fufu, and flour. Through the application of STI, Nigeria’s cassava processing industry can create substantial new business opportunities that can bring Nigeria to the global market arena. This paper therefore observes some potential paths that are useful indicators of how Nigeria’s economic growth and social progress may unfold through the productivity o...

Patenting for economic development: how aware are Nigerian pharmaceutical researchers?

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine, 2010

ABSTRACT This paper presents the level of awareness of Nigerian Pharmaceutical researchers about ... more ABSTRACT This paper presents the level of awareness of Nigerian Pharmaceutical researchers about patent matters with a view to elucidating the reasons for the low number of patents registered from their research efforts. About 42% of the researchers that responded to the study claimed to have developed some inventions. However, only 15% of the inventors have applied for patents. About 73% of the respondents claimed to be at least moderately knowledgeable about patents, and about 74% of the researchers claimed they consulted patent documents mostly when the need arises. Furthermore, about 80% of the researchers claimed to be aware of the provisions made by the Federal Government of Nigeria for patenting of inventions generated from governmentsponsored research. About 46% of these respondents opined that the provisions were adequate to motivate Nigerian researchers to generate inventions. The study recommends the introduction of patent education into university curricula and the need to create avenues such as Seminars, Workshops and Conferences, for sensitising researchers on the importance, procedure and utilisation of patents in their research endeavours.

Climate Change and Intellectual Property Rights for New Plant Varieties

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2011

Debates between developing and developed countries over access to technology to mitigate or adapt... more Debates between developing and developed countries over access to technology to mitigate or adapt to climate change tend to overlook the importance of biotechnology. There has been little comparative analysis of competing IPR regimes for biotechnology. Moreover, the role that compulsory licensing might play in international biotechnology transfer has not been explored in depth. This article focuses on the role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in the international transfer of new plant varieties. Climate change will increase the importance of the development of new plant varieties (primarily genetically modified ones) that can adapt to changing (and more extreme) climactic conditions. We begin our analysis by examining the science and impact of climate change. We then provide an overview of the debates regarding IPRs and international technology transfer. We argue that the impact of IPRs on international technology transfer varies from one area of technology to the next. IPRs represent a more significant obstacle to international biotechnology transfer than they do in other technologies. Subsistence farming increases developing countries' vulnerability to climate change and their need to access the biotechnology on favorable terms. In this regard, the issues that arise with respect to biotechnology are closer to those regarding pharmaceuticals than to those regarding clean energy technology. We therefore compare the economics of IPRs for biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. We then provide a comparative analysis of IPRs for biotechnology in the WTO TRIPS Agreement, the UPOV Convention and the Convention on Biological Diversity. This analysis sheds light on the policy options available to developing countries under the current international legal regime. 1 * The authors would like to acknowledge financial assistance from the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México and the Asociación Mexicana de Cultura A.C. for their generous support of this research. We are solely responsible for the views expressed here.

Linking Innovations with Productivity in a Nigeria Banking Firm: What roles for ICT?

Management, 2012

In the current knowledge-based era, the role of ICT in boosting productivity and economic gro wth... more In the current knowledge-based era, the role of ICT in boosting productivity and economic gro wth cannot be over-emphasised. In this era, the Banking system constitutes a very important lin k between savings (capitalist) and investment (entrepreneurs). The banking system contributes significantly to economic develop ment through venture financing in key sectors of the economy. Over the years, the operations of Nigeria banking sector were manual in nature. The advent of technology explosion however, had made the services faster and efficient. Th is paper therefore examines the roles of ICT on service delivery in a Nigeria banking firm. This is with a view to making suggestions that can improve the productivity of the banking industry in Nigeria. A survey technique was adopted using structured questionnaire with random samplingon 100 respondents of the bank. The result of the study reveals that ICT had made impacts on the productivity of the bank. However, factors such as affordability of the ICT equip ment, high installation and maintenance cost, cultural factors, capability factors, inadequate skilled manpower, network connectivity, cybercrime and response to ICT dynamism among others pose challenges to the applications of ICT in the bank. So me strategies for mit igation of these challenges are suggested.

Appraisal of the Central Bank of Nigeria’s 2012 Currency Restructuring Proposal

Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2018

This paper examines the 2012 proposed currency restructuring in Nigeria, under which a new higher... more This paper examines the 2012 proposed currency restructuring in Nigeria, under which a new higher bill of N5,000 was to be introduced alongside the coining of the existing N20, N10 and N5 notes. The paper identifies the implications of the currency regime to include; increased portability, annual saving of about N7 billion from the cost of production, distribution and disposal of banknotes, enhanced quality and integrity of the banknotes, incorporation of a more effective feature for the visually challenged, and elimination of the payment of royalties on erstwhile patented security features. However, the implementation of the policy might exacerbate money laundering and corruption, increase in general public apathy for coin utilization, and inflationary pressures due to ill-informed expectations and cost-push factors, making locally produced tradable goods less competitive, enhanced smuggling, and increased unemployment and crime rates. The paper identifies the challenges which mil...

Taking Local Business to Global Market: The Case for Nigerian Cassava Processing Industry

Nigeria remains the second largest economy in Africa and the 22 nd largest in the world with Gros... more Nigeria remains the second largest economy in Africa and the 22 nd largest in the world with Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of $1.105 trillion on an annual growth rate of 5% as at 2015. To maintain the position, Nigeria must accelerate her industrial productivity by building new links with the rest of the global economy. Considering the global event in recent times, Nigeria needs to diversify her economy from resource-based to a knowledge-based and innovation-driven one. The cassava processing industry is one of the sectors in the Nigerian economy that can advance such competition. Since the 1980s, Nigeria has remained the global leader in cassava production with an annual production of 45 million metric tonnes. However, the utilization of cassava has largely explored traditional technologies for processing of its roots into human food such as garri, fufu, and flour. Through the application of science, technology and innovation (STI), Nigeria’s cassava processing industry can create...

Bridging Research-Industry Divide in Food and Beverage Enterprises: Empirical Evidence from Southwestern Nigeria

This paper investigates the gaps between research institutions and industry in R&D collaboration ... more This paper investigates the gaps between research institutions and industry in R&D collaboration towards the promotion of innovation, creativity and competitiveness among food and beverage enterprises (FBEs) in Nigeria. This was measured by the level impact of R&D institutional support services for technological innovations in the industry. A multi-staged sampling method was adopted to select 150 registered FBEs from three small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) populated States in Southwestern Nigeria with a response rate of 64% recorded. Adopting model regression analysis, the study showed that the contributions of R&D institutions to innovative performance of the industry was low (R2 = 0.008). However, training and information dissemination (β=36.49, P≤ 0.05) and provision of analytical services (β = 36.67, P≤ 0.05) were found to have significant impact on the innovative performance of the industry. No significant difference (F=0.336, P≤ 0.05) between the two methods of suppo...

Academic Entrepreneurship of Technological Universities and Sustainable Development in Nigeria

Universities are recognised as important sources of knowledge for critical innovative performance... more Universities are recognised as important sources of knowledge for critical innovative performance of industries through commercialisation of their Research and Development (R&D) outputs otherwise called Academic entrepreneurship. This paper examines the approaches and extent of Academic entrepreneurship of the Federal Universities of Technology in pursuit of sustainable development in Nigeria. The study adopted survey technique with population of all the lecturers in the Universities. A sample size of 528 researchers/lecturers were drawn from the rank of Senior Lecturer to Professor in 16 relevant Departments of the Federal Universities of Technology, Akure (FUTA), Owerri (FUTO) and Minna (FUTM) with a response rate of 67.07%. Descriptive statistics such as percentage and mean; and regression analysis as inferential statistics were employed for data Original Research Article Dada et al.; AIR, 22(1): 49-65, 2021; Article no.AIR.65914 50 analysis. The result of analysis revealed that ...

Understanding the Nexus of R&D, Innovation and Economic Growth in Nigeria

R&D and Innovation activities, which lead to technological progress, are considered as important ... more R&D and Innovation activities, which lead to technological progress, are considered as important factors contributing to stable and continuous economic growth. Total Factor Productivity accounts for the proportion of economic growth that is not captured by labour and capital inputs, and is measured by R&D and innovation in this paper. The paper investigates the impact of R&D and innovation, labour and capital on economic growth in Nigeria using Least Square Method. The result of the thirty one (31) years (1977-2007) reviewed shows that Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD) has significant impact on economic growth. The coefficient of R&D which is negatively related to economic growth implies that it is not enough to increase spending on R&D and innovation when there are weak institutions, high corruption practices, low interaction between the academia and the industry, uncoordinated industrial clusters, among others. The result also shows that both labour and capital are directly related ...

Innovative approaches to industrial utilisation of cassava in a developing economy

Nigeria has remained the world's leading economy in the production of cassava for about two d... more Nigeria has remained the world's leading economy in the production of cassava for about two decades. Nevertheless, the industrial utilization of this agricultural produce has remained low. We synthesize the findings of an extensive literature on some innovative approaches to this challenge. There is a need for policy learning on how Nigeria can sustain global leadership in cassava production by an efficient utilization of cassava in the industrial sector to transform the Nigerian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The Nigerian government is encouraging private sector participation in developing technologies for expanded use of cassava as raw materials in the food and non-food industries. The development of the sector will require activities in capacity building, further product development, fabrication and transfer of processing technologies to target beneficiaries, and development of clusters to supply identified markets. To sustain Nigeria's global leadership in cassava production, the paper also suggests the need to map out the cassava value chain in the cassava sectoral innovation system. This will help, no doubt, to strengthen the links between the supply and demand in the most effective way.

Harnessing science and technology for cassava productivity and food security in Nigeria

PICMET '09 - 2009 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology, 2009

In Nigeria, cassava has grown to become one of the most popular staple food crops. For more than ... more In Nigeria, cassava has grown to become one of the most popular staple food crops. For more than a decade, Nigeria has maintained global leadership in cassava production. This paper reviews and discusses the Nigeria capacity in cassava production and processing. The aim is to make policy suggestions that can assist government initiatives on promotion of cassava production and processing

SMEs funding: an assessment of an intervention scheme in Nigeria

World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 2008

... also given special consideration by both the formal funding institutions (Banks, Micro-credit... more

Understanding the Nexus of R&D, Innovation and Economic Growth in Nigeria

International Business Research, 2012

R&D and Innovation activities, which lead to technological progress, are considered as important ... more R&D and Innovation activities, which lead to technological progress, are considered as important factors contributing to stable and continuous economic growth. Total Factor Productivity accounts for the proportion of economic growth that is not captured by labour and capital inputs, and is measured by R&D and innovation in this paper. The paper investigates the impact of R&D and innovation, labour and capital on economic growth in Nigeria using Least Square Method. The result of the thirty one (31) years (1977-2007) reviewed shows that Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD) has significant impact on economic growth. The coefficient of R&D which is negatively related to economic growth implies that it is not enough to increase spending on R&D and innovation when there are weak institutions, high corruption practices, low interaction between the academia and the industry, uncoordinated industrial clusters, among others. The result also shows that both labour and capital are directly related to economic growth, though the former plays a significant role while the latter does not. This paper concludes that government must be committed to R&D and innovation funding, developing strong institutions, enhancing the academia-industrial linkage as well as implementing a workable science, technology and innovation policy in order to bolster and diversify the economy. Government should also provide various fiscal incentives for the industrial firms in their various clusters so as to encourage them to engage in R&D and innovation activities, either through reverse engineering or inventing new ones, as this will not only lead to economic growth but also raise the global competitiveness of Nigeria.

Determinants of entrepreneurial propensity of Nigerian undergraduates: an empirical assessment

International Journal of Business Environment, 2012

The specific factors that influence the entrepreneurial inclination of students were studied with... more The specific factors that influence the entrepreneurial inclination of students were studied with a view to proposing appropriate policy measures on entrepreneurship within tertiary institutions. The sample for the study consisted of 7,560 students from a total of 25 tertiary institutions with 83% response rate. While we found that entrepreneurial interest among Nigerian students is quite high, the expression of this interest in practice is rather low. The main factors found to significantly explain entrepreneurial interest are parents' educational ...

Climate change and intellectual property rights in Africa: Environmental necessity-economic opportunity

African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development, Nov 15, 2016

Promoting the development of clean technologies is critical in achieving a low-carbon economy in ... more Promoting the development of clean technologies is critical in achieving a low-carbon economy in Africa. The objective of this paper is to shed more light on the role of IPRs in the efforts to mitigate climate change in Africa. This paper argues that the existing IP regime, specifically the patent system, does not necessarily preclude African countries from developing clean technologies that meet world standards. However, African countries lack capacities to adapt, develop, deploy and operate high low-carbon technologies which can give them competitive advantage in the global market. This article proposes that African countries should create an institutional setup by which innovative strategies can easily be shared to accelerate and facilitate the development and diffusion of clean technologies. The paper concludes that unless African countries adopt appropriate policy mix to stimulate technological catch-up with rest of world in the area of clean technology development and diffusion, they will continue to lag behind and face deepening marginalization in the global economy, irrespective of the IP system regime.

Currency Redesign Policy Implementation: Implications for Industrial Performance in Nigeria

American Journal of Industrial and Business Management

This paper investigates the effect of currency redesign policy implementation on industrial perfo... more This paper investigates the effect of currency redesign policy implementation on industrial performance in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design using Google Form and Computer Aided Personal Interviewing (CAPI) tool for data collection, which were carried out in the months of February and March 2023. A total of 514 micro, small, medium and large scale enterprises (MSMLEs) were randomly selected across some selected industrial sectors in five states within the six geo-political zones and Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. A response rate of 59.53% at a reliability level of 95% was recorded. The study revealed that the currency redesign policy implementation has negative short term effect on industrial performance. The effect includes weak access to cash flow, vulnerable economic hardship, inadequate marketing/loss of customers; and low returns on business investment. In the long run, the study revealed the positive effect of the policy as leading to reduced currency counterfeiting, encouraged a cashless economy, addressing cash hoarding that has led to reduction in the incidences of kidnapping and terrorism as well as strengthen the Naira against the US dollar in the long run term. The result also revealed that the policy has a significant difference (X 2 = 15.3, p ≤ 0.05) on enterprise performances by scale from How to cite this paper: Dada, A. D.

Currency Redesign Policy Implementation: Implications for Industrial Performance in Nigeria

Abolaji D. Dada, 2023

This paper investigates the effect of currency redesign policy implementation on industrial perfo... more This paper investigates the effect of currency redesign policy implementation on industrial performance in Nigeria. The study adopted survey research design using Google Form and Computer Aided Personal Interviewing (CAPI) tool for data collection, which were carried out in the months of February and March 2023. A total of 514 micro, small, medium and large scale enterprises (MSMLEs) were randomly selected across some selected industrial sectors in five states within the six geo-political zones and Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. A response rate of 59.53% at a reliability level of 95% was recorded. The study revealed that the currency redesign policy implementation has negative short term effect on industrial performance. The effect includes weak access to cash flow, vulnerable economic hardship, inadequate marketing/loss of customers; and low returns on business investment. In the long run, the study revealed the positive effect of the policy as leading to reduced currency counterfeiting, encouraged a cashless economy, addressing cash hoarding that has led to reduction in the incidences of kidnapping and terrorism as well as strengthen the Naira against the US dollar in the long run term. The result also revealed that the policy has a significant difference (X 2 = 15.3, p ≤ 0.05) on enterprise performances by scale from How to cite this paper: Dada, A. D.

Marketing of Fermented Cassava Flour in Akinyele Local Government Area, Oyo State

The study was carried out in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo State on marketing of fermente... more The study was carried out in Akinyele Local Government Area of Oyo State on marketing of fermented cassava flour (lafun) with the objective of examining the socio-economic characteristics of cassava marketers, determining the profit margin, ascertaining effect of some variables influencing the supply of cassava flour and identifying associated constraints. Primary data used for the study was collected from 80 respondents using simple random sampling technique. The empirical evidence from the analy- sis shows that the traders are predominantly female (70%) and mostly married (62.5%). The study further reveals that the marketing of lafun is a profitable venture at both the wholesale and retail levels with a profit of N6,890.32 per month. The quantity of cassava supplied was significantly determined by transportation cost (P0.01), marketing experience (P0.05), years of education (P0.10) and cost of storage (P0.05).The markets were observed to face transportation, storage and packaging ...

Taking Local Industry to Global Market: The Case for Nigerian Cassava Processing Companies

Journal of economics and sustainable development, 2016

Nigeria remains the largest economy in Africa and the 26 th largest in the world with GDP of $510... more Nigeria remains the largest economy in Africa and the 26 th largest in the world with GDP of $510 billion in 2013. To maintain the position, Nigeria must accelerate her industrial productivity by building new links with the rest of the global economy. The cassava processing industry is one of the sectors in the Nigerian economy that can help in such competition. Since the 1980s, Nigeria has remained the global leader in cassava production with an annual production of 45 million metric tonnes. However, the utilization of cassava has largely explored traditional technologies for processing of its roots into human food such as garri, fufu, and flour. Through the application of STI, Nigeria’s cassava processing industry can create substantial new business opportunities that can bring Nigeria to the global market arena. This paper therefore observes some potential paths that are useful indicators of how Nigeria’s economic growth and social progress may unfold through the productivity o...

Patenting for economic development: how aware are Nigerian pharmaceutical researchers?

Nigerian Journal of Natural Products and Medicine, 2010

ABSTRACT This paper presents the level of awareness of Nigerian Pharmaceutical researchers about ... more ABSTRACT This paper presents the level of awareness of Nigerian Pharmaceutical researchers about patent matters with a view to elucidating the reasons for the low number of patents registered from their research efforts. About 42% of the researchers that responded to the study claimed to have developed some inventions. However, only 15% of the inventors have applied for patents. About 73% of the respondents claimed to be at least moderately knowledgeable about patents, and about 74% of the researchers claimed they consulted patent documents mostly when the need arises. Furthermore, about 80% of the researchers claimed to be aware of the provisions made by the Federal Government of Nigeria for patenting of inventions generated from governmentsponsored research. About 46% of these respondents opined that the provisions were adequate to motivate Nigerian researchers to generate inventions. The study recommends the introduction of patent education into university curricula and the need to create avenues such as Seminars, Workshops and Conferences, for sensitising researchers on the importance, procedure and utilisation of patents in their research endeavours.

Climate Change and Intellectual Property Rights for New Plant Varieties

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2011

Debates between developing and developed countries over access to technology to mitigate or adapt... more Debates between developing and developed countries over access to technology to mitigate or adapt to climate change tend to overlook the importance of biotechnology. There has been little comparative analysis of competing IPR regimes for biotechnology. Moreover, the role that compulsory licensing might play in international biotechnology transfer has not been explored in depth. This article focuses on the role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in the international transfer of new plant varieties. Climate change will increase the importance of the development of new plant varieties (primarily genetically modified ones) that can adapt to changing (and more extreme) climactic conditions. We begin our analysis by examining the science and impact of climate change. We then provide an overview of the debates regarding IPRs and international technology transfer. We argue that the impact of IPRs on international technology transfer varies from one area of technology to the next. IPRs represent a more significant obstacle to international biotechnology transfer than they do in other technologies. Subsistence farming increases developing countries' vulnerability to climate change and their need to access the biotechnology on favorable terms. In this regard, the issues that arise with respect to biotechnology are closer to those regarding pharmaceuticals than to those regarding clean energy technology. We therefore compare the economics of IPRs for biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. We then provide a comparative analysis of IPRs for biotechnology in the WTO TRIPS Agreement, the UPOV Convention and the Convention on Biological Diversity. This analysis sheds light on the policy options available to developing countries under the current international legal regime. 1 * The authors would like to acknowledge financial assistance from the Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México and the Asociación Mexicana de Cultura A.C. for their generous support of this research. We are solely responsible for the views expressed here.

Linking Innovations with Productivity in a Nigeria Banking Firm: What roles for ICT?

Management, 2012

In the current knowledge-based era, the role of ICT in boosting productivity and economic gro wth... more In the current knowledge-based era, the role of ICT in boosting productivity and economic gro wth cannot be over-emphasised. In this era, the Banking system constitutes a very important lin k between savings (capitalist) and investment (entrepreneurs). The banking system contributes significantly to economic develop ment through venture financing in key sectors of the economy. Over the years, the operations of Nigeria banking sector were manual in nature. The advent of technology explosion however, had made the services faster and efficient. Th is paper therefore examines the roles of ICT on service delivery in a Nigeria banking firm. This is with a view to making suggestions that can improve the productivity of the banking industry in Nigeria. A survey technique was adopted using structured questionnaire with random samplingon 100 respondents of the bank. The result of the study reveals that ICT had made impacts on the productivity of the bank. However, factors such as affordability of the ICT equip ment, high installation and maintenance cost, cultural factors, capability factors, inadequate skilled manpower, network connectivity, cybercrime and response to ICT dynamism among others pose challenges to the applications of ICT in the bank. So me strategies for mit igation of these challenges are suggested.

Appraisal of the Central Bank of Nigeria’s 2012 Currency Restructuring Proposal

Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 2018

This paper examines the 2012 proposed currency restructuring in Nigeria, under which a new higher... more This paper examines the 2012 proposed currency restructuring in Nigeria, under which a new higher bill of N5,000 was to be introduced alongside the coining of the existing N20, N10 and N5 notes. The paper identifies the implications of the currency regime to include; increased portability, annual saving of about N7 billion from the cost of production, distribution and disposal of banknotes, enhanced quality and integrity of the banknotes, incorporation of a more effective feature for the visually challenged, and elimination of the payment of royalties on erstwhile patented security features. However, the implementation of the policy might exacerbate money laundering and corruption, increase in general public apathy for coin utilization, and inflationary pressures due to ill-informed expectations and cost-push factors, making locally produced tradable goods less competitive, enhanced smuggling, and increased unemployment and crime rates. The paper identifies the challenges which mil...

Taking Local Business to Global Market: The Case for Nigerian Cassava Processing Industry

Nigeria remains the second largest economy in Africa and the 22 nd largest in the world with Gros... more Nigeria remains the second largest economy in Africa and the 22 nd largest in the world with Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of $1.105 trillion on an annual growth rate of 5% as at 2015. To maintain the position, Nigeria must accelerate her industrial productivity by building new links with the rest of the global economy. Considering the global event in recent times, Nigeria needs to diversify her economy from resource-based to a knowledge-based and innovation-driven one. The cassava processing industry is one of the sectors in the Nigerian economy that can advance such competition. Since the 1980s, Nigeria has remained the global leader in cassava production with an annual production of 45 million metric tonnes. However, the utilization of cassava has largely explored traditional technologies for processing of its roots into human food such as garri, fufu, and flour. Through the application of science, technology and innovation (STI), Nigeria’s cassava processing industry can create...

Bridging Research-Industry Divide in Food and Beverage Enterprises: Empirical Evidence from Southwestern Nigeria

This paper investigates the gaps between research institutions and industry in R&D collaboration ... more This paper investigates the gaps between research institutions and industry in R&D collaboration towards the promotion of innovation, creativity and competitiveness among food and beverage enterprises (FBEs) in Nigeria. This was measured by the level impact of R&D institutional support services for technological innovations in the industry. A multi-staged sampling method was adopted to select 150 registered FBEs from three small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) populated States in Southwestern Nigeria with a response rate of 64% recorded. Adopting model regression analysis, the study showed that the contributions of R&D institutions to innovative performance of the industry was low (R2 = 0.008). However, training and information dissemination (β=36.49, P≤ 0.05) and provision of analytical services (β = 36.67, P≤ 0.05) were found to have significant impact on the innovative performance of the industry. No significant difference (F=0.336, P≤ 0.05) between the two methods of suppo...

Academic Entrepreneurship of Technological Universities and Sustainable Development in Nigeria

Universities are recognised as important sources of knowledge for critical innovative performance... more Universities are recognised as important sources of knowledge for critical innovative performance of industries through commercialisation of their Research and Development (R&D) outputs otherwise called Academic entrepreneurship. This paper examines the approaches and extent of Academic entrepreneurship of the Federal Universities of Technology in pursuit of sustainable development in Nigeria. The study adopted survey technique with population of all the lecturers in the Universities. A sample size of 528 researchers/lecturers were drawn from the rank of Senior Lecturer to Professor in 16 relevant Departments of the Federal Universities of Technology, Akure (FUTA), Owerri (FUTO) and Minna (FUTM) with a response rate of 67.07%. Descriptive statistics such as percentage and mean; and regression analysis as inferential statistics were employed for data Original Research Article Dada et al.; AIR, 22(1): 49-65, 2021; Article no.AIR.65914 50 analysis. The result of analysis revealed that ...

Understanding the Nexus of R&D, Innovation and Economic Growth in Nigeria

R&D and Innovation activities, which lead to technological progress, are considered as important ... more R&D and Innovation activities, which lead to technological progress, are considered as important factors contributing to stable and continuous economic growth. Total Factor Productivity accounts for the proportion of economic growth that is not captured by labour and capital inputs, and is measured by R&D and innovation in this paper. The paper investigates the impact of R&D and innovation, labour and capital on economic growth in Nigeria using Least Square Method. The result of the thirty one (31) years (1977-2007) reviewed shows that Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD) has significant impact on economic growth. The coefficient of R&D which is negatively related to economic growth implies that it is not enough to increase spending on R&D and innovation when there are weak institutions, high corruption practices, low interaction between the academia and the industry, uncoordinated industrial clusters, among others. The result also shows that both labour and capital are directly related ...

Innovative approaches to industrial utilisation of cassava in a developing economy

Nigeria has remained the world's leading economy in the production of cassava for about two d... more Nigeria has remained the world's leading economy in the production of cassava for about two decades. Nevertheless, the industrial utilization of this agricultural produce has remained low. We synthesize the findings of an extensive literature on some innovative approaches to this challenge. There is a need for policy learning on how Nigeria can sustain global leadership in cassava production by an efficient utilization of cassava in the industrial sector to transform the Nigerian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The Nigerian government is encouraging private sector participation in developing technologies for expanded use of cassava as raw materials in the food and non-food industries. The development of the sector will require activities in capacity building, further product development, fabrication and transfer of processing technologies to target beneficiaries, and development of clusters to supply identified markets. To sustain Nigeria's global leadership in cassava production, the paper also suggests the need to map out the cassava value chain in the cassava sectoral innovation system. This will help, no doubt, to strengthen the links between the supply and demand in the most effective way.

Harnessing science and technology for cassava productivity and food security in Nigeria

PICMET '09 - 2009 Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering & Technology, 2009

In Nigeria, cassava has grown to become one of the most popular staple food crops. For more than ... more In Nigeria, cassava has grown to become one of the most popular staple food crops. For more than a decade, Nigeria has maintained global leadership in cassava production. This paper reviews and discusses the Nigeria capacity in cassava production and processing. The aim is to make policy suggestions that can assist government initiatives on promotion of cassava production and processing

SMEs funding: an assessment of an intervention scheme in Nigeria

World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 2008

... also given special consideration by both the formal funding institutions (Banks, Micro-credit... more

Understanding the Nexus of R&D, Innovation and Economic Growth in Nigeria

International Business Research, 2012

R&D and Innovation activities, which lead to technological progress, are considered as important ... more R&D and Innovation activities, which lead to technological progress, are considered as important factors contributing to stable and continuous economic growth. Total Factor Productivity accounts for the proportion of economic growth that is not captured by labour and capital inputs, and is measured by R&D and innovation in this paper. The paper investigates the impact of R&D and innovation, labour and capital on economic growth in Nigeria using Least Square Method. The result of the thirty one (31) years (1977-2007) reviewed shows that Gross Expenditure on R&D (GERD) has significant impact on economic growth. The coefficient of R&D which is negatively related to economic growth implies that it is not enough to increase spending on R&D and innovation when there are weak institutions, high corruption practices, low interaction between the academia and the industry, uncoordinated industrial clusters, among others. The result also shows that both labour and capital are directly related to economic growth, though the former plays a significant role while the latter does not. This paper concludes that government must be committed to R&D and innovation funding, developing strong institutions, enhancing the academia-industrial linkage as well as implementing a workable science, technology and innovation policy in order to bolster and diversify the economy. Government should also provide various fiscal incentives for the industrial firms in their various clusters so as to encourage them to engage in R&D and innovation activities, either through reverse engineering or inventing new ones, as this will not only lead to economic growth but also raise the global competitiveness of Nigeria.

Determinants of entrepreneurial propensity of Nigerian undergraduates: an empirical assessment

International Journal of Business Environment, 2012

The specific factors that influence the entrepreneurial inclination of students were studied with... more The specific factors that influence the entrepreneurial inclination of students were studied with a view to proposing appropriate policy measures on entrepreneurship within tertiary institutions. The sample for the study consisted of 7,560 students from a total of 25 tertiary institutions with 83% response rate. While we found that entrepreneurial interest among Nigerian students is quite high, the expression of this interest in practice is rather low. The main factors found to significantly explain entrepreneurial interest are parents' educational ...