We prove some basic properties of strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical convergence of ... more We prove some basic properties of strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical convergence of sequences in probabilistic metric spaces and introduce the notion of strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical cluster point. We also introduce the notion of strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical Cauchy sequences in probabilistic metric spaces. Further, we establish a connection between strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical convergence and strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical Cauchy sequences.
In order to study the effect of thermal condition on crop growth of grass pea, field experiment w... more In order to study the effect of thermal condition on crop growth of grass pea, field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2016-2017 at the Instructional Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design with nine treatments (nine dates of sowing starting from 26 October to 21 December at weekly interval). Crop sown on 16 November produced highest leaf area index at 42 DAS (0.56), 63 DAS (0.89) and at the time of harvest (1.39). During 63 DAS to 84 DAS, crop growth rate was positively correlated with maximum, minimum and average air temperatures (r = 0.70*). Diurnal temperature difference during 63 DAS to 84 DAS showed harmful effect on relative growth rate (r = -0.69*) while during 84 DAS to harvest, diurnal temperature difference showed significant positive effect on NAR (r = 0.67*). The influence of temperature and thermal indices on crop growth parameters varied as growth stages and sowing dates c...
The concept of I-statistical convergence of a double sequence was first introduced and study by D... more The concept of I-statistical convergence of a double sequence was first introduced and study by Das et. el [2]. Here in this paper we discuss some results on rough ideal statistical convergence and also we introduce the notion of rough ideal limit set and discuss some topological aspects on this set.
In this paper we consider the notion of strong $I$-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in p... more In this paper we consider the notion of strong $I$-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in probabilistic metric spaces in line of Das et. al. [6] and introduce the new concept of strong $I^*$-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in real line as well as in probabilistic metric spaces. We mainly study inter relationship among strong $I$-statistical convergence, strong $I$-statistical pre-Cauchy condition and strong $I^*$-statistical pre-Cauchy condition for double sequences in probabilistic metric spaces and examine some basic properties of these notions.
We introduce the notions of stronglyλ-statistically pre-Cauchy and stronglyValléePoussin pre-Cauc... more We introduce the notions of stronglyλ-statistically pre-Cauchy and stronglyValléePoussin pre-Cauchy sequences in probabilistic metric spaces endowed with strong topology. And we show that these two new notions are equivalent. Strongly λ-statistically convergent sequences are strongly λ-statistically pre-Cauchy sequences, and we give an example to show that there is a sequence in a probabilistic metric space which is strongly λ-statistically preCauchy but not strongly λ-statistically convergent.
Dermatophytes are a group of closely related fungi that have the capacity to invade keratinized t... more Dermatophytes are a group of closely related fungi that have the capacity to invade keratinized tissues (hair, skin & nail) of human and other animals to produce an infection, dermatophytosis commonly known as ringworm [1]. Though worldwide in distribution, it is more prevalent in Tropical and Subtropical region. Dermatophytes are more prevalent in India due to favourable climatic conditions like temperature and humidity [2]. The etiological agents of dermatophytosis are classified in three anamorphic (asexual or imperfect) genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton, of
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2019
Day by day, the Internet is getting full of traffic or crowded for that reason, it’s quite unmana... more Day by day, the Internet is getting full of traffic or crowded for that reason, it’s quite unmanageable for Network Administrator and Internet Service Provider (ISP) to handle those huge network traffic or data packet at a time. It’s tough to monitor and analyze that much number of huge network traffic or data packet, because of that Network Administrator and Internet Service Providers are used Intrusion Detection Systems though mainly consist of Data Pre-processor, Detection Model, Detection Engine, Decision Table and, Decision Engine. There are mainly three packet inspection techniques and they are Shallow Packet Inspection (SPI), Medium Packet Inspection (MPI) and, Deep Packet Inspection (DPI). This paper describes all the three packet inspection techniques in detail on Section V. The rest of the paper is formulated as follows. Section II describes the Aim and Objective of this research-work. Section III discusses Related Work done by researcher’s previously on the domain of packet inspection techniques. Section IV presents the Intrusion Detection System and its Components, Functions, Types and Detection Methods. Section V will provide all the three techniques of Packet Inspection; those are Shallow Packet Inspection, Medium Packet Inspection and, Deep Packet Inspection. Lastly, Section VI concludes the research-work with future work and perspective.
In this paper we consider the idea of I - convergence of nets of partial function from a metric s... more In this paper we consider the idea of I - convergence of nets of partial function from a metric space (X; d) to a metric space (Y; ?) and derive several basic characterization. This idea extends the concept of convergence of nets of partial function introduced by G. Beer et.al [1].
In this paper we consider the notion of strongly I-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in p... more In this paper we consider the notion of strongly I-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in probabilistic metric spaces in line of Das et. al. (On I-statistically preCauchy sequences, Taiwanese J. Math 18 (1) (2014), 115–126) and introduce the new concept of strongly I∗-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in probabilistic metric spaces. We mainly study interrelationship among strong I-statistical convergence, strong I-statistical pre-Cauchy condition and strong I∗-statistical pre-Cauchy condition for double sequences in probabilistic metric spaces and examine some basic properties of these notions.
This study evaluates the impact of improved agricultural technologies that were introduced in sel... more This study evaluates the impact of improved agricultural technologies that were introduced in selected areas of coastal West Bengal (India) during 2016-2018 to demonstrate their ability to improve the agricultural, social and economic status of farming communities in the study region. The study employed participatory innovation tree (PIT) exercise followed by a questionnaire survey at Rangabelia and Jatirampur villages under Rangabelia gram panchayat, Gosaba Community Development Block of South 24 Parganas district, West Bengal, India. The demonstrated technologies were: Tech. 1, introduction of post-monsoon relay crop lathyrus in medium-up and medium-lowland by adjusting date of sowing of rice varieties; Tech. 2, water saving options (drip irrigation + straw mulch) in high value post-monsoon crop tomato, and Tech. 3, zero tillage and mulching techniques for different potato cultivars. Eighteen impact indicators (II) were identified by PIT exercises on all three technologies and included in an interview schedule. Analyzed data revealed that amongst the eighteen IIs, better yield (II-8) had the highest sensitivity towards adoption of Tech. 1. Less water requirement (II-2) showed highest sensitivity for the adoption of Tech. 2. Both the above-mentioned indicators were equally sensitive for the adoption of Tech. 3. All three technologies mostly reduced the fertilizer application, increased the system productivity, net return and benefit: cost ratio over farmers' conventional practices. Although all three technologies demonstrated almost equal values of sustainable yield index (SYI), based on lowest standard deviation (σ) of respective yield values, the Tech. 1 could be considered as most sustainable in the study location.
Nowadays, most of the people are using Internet, for that reason, Internet getting crowded or ful... more Nowadays, most of the people are using Internet, for that reason, Internet getting crowded or full of traffic in terms of the network traffic. In between, Hackers/Phishers get best of their chances to make it count for doing their anonymous work comfortably. For managing or handling this much number of traffic it's a big task to ask for. So, particularly some techniques are needed to check the incoming traffic is malicious or not. Mainly there are three types of network traffic identification methods. And, they are Port-Matching, Deep Packet Inspection and Machine Learning. Port matching is the simpler among those and mainly used in the past. Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) mainly used for High-Speed networks for detect the Network Traffic. And, some of the country's government likes Egypt, China, etc. is using Deep Packet Inspection for better network traffic identification. Machine Learning mainly used to detect modern-day network traffic. And, it has several classification algorithms like Bayesian identification, Support Vector Machine (SVM), C4.5 and other machine-learning algorithm. This paper proposes a network traffic identification approach using Deep Packet Inspection and Deep Flow Inspection. Besides those above-mentioned identification methods, this paper focuses on P2P traffic identification also because nowadays almost 60%-80% of traffic comes under P2P traffic.
In this paper we are concerned with the recent summability notion of I-statistically pre-Cauchy r... more In this paper we are concerned with the recent summability notion of I-statistically pre-Cauchy real double sequences in line of Das et. al. [6] as a generalization of I-statistical convergence. Here we introduce the notion of double I-natural density and present some interesting properties of I-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences of real numbers. Also in this paper we investigate the notion of I-statistical cluster point of double sequences in finite dimensional normed space.
This paper is discussing about the notion of some new types of convergences namely $I$-convergenc... more This paper is discussing about the notion of some new types of convergences namely $I$-convergence and $I^*$-convergence of a $\Delta$-measurable function $f$ on time scales $T$ by considering ideal on time scales $T$. This idea is further extended to the notion of statistical convergence of a $\Delta$-measurable function $f$ on time scales $T$.
The Costal Saline Zone (CSZ) of West Bengal, India is dominated by rice-fallow-fallow system crop... more The Costal Saline Zone (CSZ) of West Bengal, India is dominated by rice-fallow-fallow system cropping system. Only 4% of the cultivated area of the coastal zone can be irrigated with available sweet water. To cope up with the present situation is introduction of new high value crops to catch the fallow winter period emphasizing on water saving technologies. In this way monocropped saline soils of coastal region can be converted into multiple cropping through the adoption of zero tillage potato technology. Soils of the CSZ show multi-nutritional deficiencies and these deficiencies adversely affect the crop. To address this issue, field experiment was conducted in winter season of 2016-2018 in CSZ of West Bengal, India with the focal objectives of studying the feasibility of potato under zero-tilled-mulched condition in CSZ of West Bengal; assessing the effect of foliar nutrient management practices on growth, yield, quality and economics of potato. The foliar nutritional supplementation with 2% Urea at 30 & 50 days after planting (DAP) of potato along with 0.1% Boron at 30 DAP not only increased tuber number and yield but also quality parameters of potato tuber such as TSS, tuber hardness, vitamin C etc. were significantly increased. It may thus be concluded that 2% Urea at 30 & 50 at DAP of potato along with 0.1% Boron at 30 DAP as foliar application is the best foliar nutrient management option for potato grown under zero tillage and mulching in coastal saline soils of West Bengal, India.
The concept of I-statistical convergence of sequence was first defined by Das et.al [2]. In this ... more The concept of I-statistical convergence of sequence was first defined by Das et.al [2]. In this paper we introduce and study the notion of rough I-statistical convergence of sequence in normed linear Spaces. We also define the set of rough I-statistical limits of a sequence and discuss some topological properties of this set.
Due to seasonal dry-season salt accumulation in the coastal saline zone (CSZ) of West Bengal, Ind... more Due to seasonal dry-season salt accumulation in the coastal saline zone (CSZ) of West Bengal, India, the cultivation of winter crops (following summer rice) is rare. To address this issue, field experiments were conducted over two years (2016–18) in the CSZ to study the feasibility of cropping system intensification through incorporating grass pea into the dominant rice-fallow rotation. The experiment was conducted in strip plot design with two factors namely, Factor A: Six dates of rice sowing (at one-week intervals—2nd week of June to 3rd week of July) and Factor B: Two land situations (Medium-upland and Medium-lowland). The experiment was simulated using APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator) utilizing the APSIM-SWIM water balance module to understand the mechanisms of seasonal soil salinity dynamics and the associated crop responses. The results suggest that irrespective of land situation, early sown rice (2nd week of June) produces higher dry matter and yield compare...
Field experiments were conducted for two successive years with grass pea (cv. ‘Prateek’) sown on ... more Field experiments were conducted for two successive years with grass pea (cv. ‘Prateek’) sown on nine dates at weekly interval at Instructional Farm (22°58´ N, 88°31´ E), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India to investigate the impact of agroclimatic factors on pod filling of grass pea. Results showed that pod filling percentage (PFP) increased with delay in sowing dates, attaining the highest value (96.7 %) in crop sown on 30th November, beyond which it decreased gradually with further delay in sowing. Maximum and minimum temperatures, morning and afternoon soil temperatures, recorded at 5, 15 and 30 cm soil depths, morning and afternoon vapour pressure deficits at pre-flowering phase exhibited negative association and contrarily, when prevailing during reproductive and pod development phases, these parameters demonstrated positive correlation with PFP. Temperature range during reproductive phase increased with delay in sowing dates and it exhibited significant p...
In the coastal zone of the Ganges Delta, water shortages due to soil salinity limit the yield of ... more In the coastal zone of the Ganges Delta, water shortages due to soil salinity limit the yield of dry season crops. To alleviate water shortage as a consequence of salinity stress in the coastal saline ecosystem, the effect of different water-saving (WS) and water-conserving options was assessed on growth, yield and water use of tomato; two field experiments were carried out at Gosaba, West Bengal, India in consecutive seasons during the winter of 2016–17 and 2017–18. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with five treatments viz., surface irrigation, surface irrigation + straw mulching, drip irrigation at 100% reference evapotranspiration (ET0), drip irrigation at 80% ET0, drip irrigation at 80% ET0 + straw mulching. Application of drip irrigation at 80% ET0 + straw mulching brought about significantly the highest fruit as well as the marketable yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The soil reaction (pH), post-harvest organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and...
We prove some basic properties of strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical convergence of ... more We prove some basic properties of strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical convergence of sequences in probabilistic metric spaces and introduce the notion of strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical cluster point. We also introduce the notion of strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical Cauchy sequences in probabilistic metric spaces. Further, we establish a connection between strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical convergence and strong ℐ λ {\mathcal{I}_{\lambda}} -statistical Cauchy sequences.
In order to study the effect of thermal condition on crop growth of grass pea, field experiment w... more In order to study the effect of thermal condition on crop growth of grass pea, field experiment was conducted during Rabi season of 2016-2017 at the Instructional Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design with nine treatments (nine dates of sowing starting from 26 October to 21 December at weekly interval). Crop sown on 16 November produced highest leaf area index at 42 DAS (0.56), 63 DAS (0.89) and at the time of harvest (1.39). During 63 DAS to 84 DAS, crop growth rate was positively correlated with maximum, minimum and average air temperatures (r = 0.70*). Diurnal temperature difference during 63 DAS to 84 DAS showed harmful effect on relative growth rate (r = -0.69*) while during 84 DAS to harvest, diurnal temperature difference showed significant positive effect on NAR (r = 0.67*). The influence of temperature and thermal indices on crop growth parameters varied as growth stages and sowing dates c...
The concept of I-statistical convergence of a double sequence was first introduced and study by D... more The concept of I-statistical convergence of a double sequence was first introduced and study by Das et. el [2]. Here in this paper we discuss some results on rough ideal statistical convergence and also we introduce the notion of rough ideal limit set and discuss some topological aspects on this set.
In this paper we consider the notion of strong $I$-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in p... more In this paper we consider the notion of strong $I$-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in probabilistic metric spaces in line of Das et. al. [6] and introduce the new concept of strong $I^*$-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in real line as well as in probabilistic metric spaces. We mainly study inter relationship among strong $I$-statistical convergence, strong $I$-statistical pre-Cauchy condition and strong $I^*$-statistical pre-Cauchy condition for double sequences in probabilistic metric spaces and examine some basic properties of these notions.
We introduce the notions of stronglyλ-statistically pre-Cauchy and stronglyValléePoussin pre-Cauc... more We introduce the notions of stronglyλ-statistically pre-Cauchy and stronglyValléePoussin pre-Cauchy sequences in probabilistic metric spaces endowed with strong topology. And we show that these two new notions are equivalent. Strongly λ-statistically convergent sequences are strongly λ-statistically pre-Cauchy sequences, and we give an example to show that there is a sequence in a probabilistic metric space which is strongly λ-statistically preCauchy but not strongly λ-statistically convergent.
Dermatophytes are a group of closely related fungi that have the capacity to invade keratinized t... more Dermatophytes are a group of closely related fungi that have the capacity to invade keratinized tissues (hair, skin & nail) of human and other animals to produce an infection, dermatophytosis commonly known as ringworm [1]. Though worldwide in distribution, it is more prevalent in Tropical and Subtropical region. Dermatophytes are more prevalent in India due to favourable climatic conditions like temperature and humidity [2]. The etiological agents of dermatophytosis are classified in three anamorphic (asexual or imperfect) genera Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton, of
International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research, 2019
Day by day, the Internet is getting full of traffic or crowded for that reason, it’s quite unmana... more Day by day, the Internet is getting full of traffic or crowded for that reason, it’s quite unmanageable for Network Administrator and Internet Service Provider (ISP) to handle those huge network traffic or data packet at a time. It’s tough to monitor and analyze that much number of huge network traffic or data packet, because of that Network Administrator and Internet Service Providers are used Intrusion Detection Systems though mainly consist of Data Pre-processor, Detection Model, Detection Engine, Decision Table and, Decision Engine. There are mainly three packet inspection techniques and they are Shallow Packet Inspection (SPI), Medium Packet Inspection (MPI) and, Deep Packet Inspection (DPI). This paper describes all the three packet inspection techniques in detail on Section V. The rest of the paper is formulated as follows. Section II describes the Aim and Objective of this research-work. Section III discusses Related Work done by researcher’s previously on the domain of packet inspection techniques. Section IV presents the Intrusion Detection System and its Components, Functions, Types and Detection Methods. Section V will provide all the three techniques of Packet Inspection; those are Shallow Packet Inspection, Medium Packet Inspection and, Deep Packet Inspection. Lastly, Section VI concludes the research-work with future work and perspective.
In this paper we consider the idea of I - convergence of nets of partial function from a metric s... more In this paper we consider the idea of I - convergence of nets of partial function from a metric space (X; d) to a metric space (Y; ?) and derive several basic characterization. This idea extends the concept of convergence of nets of partial function introduced by G. Beer et.al [1].
In this paper we consider the notion of strongly I-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in p... more In this paper we consider the notion of strongly I-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in probabilistic metric spaces in line of Das et. al. (On I-statistically preCauchy sequences, Taiwanese J. Math 18 (1) (2014), 115–126) and introduce the new concept of strongly I∗-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences in probabilistic metric spaces. We mainly study interrelationship among strong I-statistical convergence, strong I-statistical pre-Cauchy condition and strong I∗-statistical pre-Cauchy condition for double sequences in probabilistic metric spaces and examine some basic properties of these notions.
This study evaluates the impact of improved agricultural technologies that were introduced in sel... more This study evaluates the impact of improved agricultural technologies that were introduced in selected areas of coastal West Bengal (India) during 2016-2018 to demonstrate their ability to improve the agricultural, social and economic status of farming communities in the study region. The study employed participatory innovation tree (PIT) exercise followed by a questionnaire survey at Rangabelia and Jatirampur villages under Rangabelia gram panchayat, Gosaba Community Development Block of South 24 Parganas district, West Bengal, India. The demonstrated technologies were: Tech. 1, introduction of post-monsoon relay crop lathyrus in medium-up and medium-lowland by adjusting date of sowing of rice varieties; Tech. 2, water saving options (drip irrigation + straw mulch) in high value post-monsoon crop tomato, and Tech. 3, zero tillage and mulching techniques for different potato cultivars. Eighteen impact indicators (II) were identified by PIT exercises on all three technologies and included in an interview schedule. Analyzed data revealed that amongst the eighteen IIs, better yield (II-8) had the highest sensitivity towards adoption of Tech. 1. Less water requirement (II-2) showed highest sensitivity for the adoption of Tech. 2. Both the above-mentioned indicators were equally sensitive for the adoption of Tech. 3. All three technologies mostly reduced the fertilizer application, increased the system productivity, net return and benefit: cost ratio over farmers' conventional practices. Although all three technologies demonstrated almost equal values of sustainable yield index (SYI), based on lowest standard deviation (σ) of respective yield values, the Tech. 1 could be considered as most sustainable in the study location.
Nowadays, most of the people are using Internet, for that reason, Internet getting crowded or ful... more Nowadays, most of the people are using Internet, for that reason, Internet getting crowded or full of traffic in terms of the network traffic. In between, Hackers/Phishers get best of their chances to make it count for doing their anonymous work comfortably. For managing or handling this much number of traffic it's a big task to ask for. So, particularly some techniques are needed to check the incoming traffic is malicious or not. Mainly there are three types of network traffic identification methods. And, they are Port-Matching, Deep Packet Inspection and Machine Learning. Port matching is the simpler among those and mainly used in the past. Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) mainly used for High-Speed networks for detect the Network Traffic. And, some of the country's government likes Egypt, China, etc. is using Deep Packet Inspection for better network traffic identification. Machine Learning mainly used to detect modern-day network traffic. And, it has several classification algorithms like Bayesian identification, Support Vector Machine (SVM), C4.5 and other machine-learning algorithm. This paper proposes a network traffic identification approach using Deep Packet Inspection and Deep Flow Inspection. Besides those above-mentioned identification methods, this paper focuses on P2P traffic identification also because nowadays almost 60%-80% of traffic comes under P2P traffic.
In this paper we are concerned with the recent summability notion of I-statistically pre-Cauchy r... more In this paper we are concerned with the recent summability notion of I-statistically pre-Cauchy real double sequences in line of Das et. al. [6] as a generalization of I-statistical convergence. Here we introduce the notion of double I-natural density and present some interesting properties of I-statistically pre-Cauchy double sequences of real numbers. Also in this paper we investigate the notion of I-statistical cluster point of double sequences in finite dimensional normed space.
This paper is discussing about the notion of some new types of convergences namely $I$-convergenc... more This paper is discussing about the notion of some new types of convergences namely $I$-convergence and $I^*$-convergence of a $\Delta$-measurable function $f$ on time scales $T$ by considering ideal on time scales $T$. This idea is further extended to the notion of statistical convergence of a $\Delta$-measurable function $f$ on time scales $T$.
The Costal Saline Zone (CSZ) of West Bengal, India is dominated by rice-fallow-fallow system crop... more The Costal Saline Zone (CSZ) of West Bengal, India is dominated by rice-fallow-fallow system cropping system. Only 4% of the cultivated area of the coastal zone can be irrigated with available sweet water. To cope up with the present situation is introduction of new high value crops to catch the fallow winter period emphasizing on water saving technologies. In this way monocropped saline soils of coastal region can be converted into multiple cropping through the adoption of zero tillage potato technology. Soils of the CSZ show multi-nutritional deficiencies and these deficiencies adversely affect the crop. To address this issue, field experiment was conducted in winter season of 2016-2018 in CSZ of West Bengal, India with the focal objectives of studying the feasibility of potato under zero-tilled-mulched condition in CSZ of West Bengal; assessing the effect of foliar nutrient management practices on growth, yield, quality and economics of potato. The foliar nutritional supplementation with 2% Urea at 30 & 50 days after planting (DAP) of potato along with 0.1% Boron at 30 DAP not only increased tuber number and yield but also quality parameters of potato tuber such as TSS, tuber hardness, vitamin C etc. were significantly increased. It may thus be concluded that 2% Urea at 30 & 50 at DAP of potato along with 0.1% Boron at 30 DAP as foliar application is the best foliar nutrient management option for potato grown under zero tillage and mulching in coastal saline soils of West Bengal, India.
The concept of I-statistical convergence of sequence was first defined by Das et.al [2]. In this ... more The concept of I-statistical convergence of sequence was first defined by Das et.al [2]. In this paper we introduce and study the notion of rough I-statistical convergence of sequence in normed linear Spaces. We also define the set of rough I-statistical limits of a sequence and discuss some topological properties of this set.
Due to seasonal dry-season salt accumulation in the coastal saline zone (CSZ) of West Bengal, Ind... more Due to seasonal dry-season salt accumulation in the coastal saline zone (CSZ) of West Bengal, India, the cultivation of winter crops (following summer rice) is rare. To address this issue, field experiments were conducted over two years (2016–18) in the CSZ to study the feasibility of cropping system intensification through incorporating grass pea into the dominant rice-fallow rotation. The experiment was conducted in strip plot design with two factors namely, Factor A: Six dates of rice sowing (at one-week intervals—2nd week of June to 3rd week of July) and Factor B: Two land situations (Medium-upland and Medium-lowland). The experiment was simulated using APSIM (Agricultural Production Systems sIMulator) utilizing the APSIM-SWIM water balance module to understand the mechanisms of seasonal soil salinity dynamics and the associated crop responses. The results suggest that irrespective of land situation, early sown rice (2nd week of June) produces higher dry matter and yield compare...
Field experiments were conducted for two successive years with grass pea (cv. ‘Prateek’) sown on ... more Field experiments were conducted for two successive years with grass pea (cv. ‘Prateek’) sown on nine dates at weekly interval at Instructional Farm (22°58´ N, 88°31´ E), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, West Bengal, India to investigate the impact of agroclimatic factors on pod filling of grass pea. Results showed that pod filling percentage (PFP) increased with delay in sowing dates, attaining the highest value (96.7 %) in crop sown on 30th November, beyond which it decreased gradually with further delay in sowing. Maximum and minimum temperatures, morning and afternoon soil temperatures, recorded at 5, 15 and 30 cm soil depths, morning and afternoon vapour pressure deficits at pre-flowering phase exhibited negative association and contrarily, when prevailing during reproductive and pod development phases, these parameters demonstrated positive correlation with PFP. Temperature range during reproductive phase increased with delay in sowing dates and it exhibited significant p...
In the coastal zone of the Ganges Delta, water shortages due to soil salinity limit the yield of ... more In the coastal zone of the Ganges Delta, water shortages due to soil salinity limit the yield of dry season crops. To alleviate water shortage as a consequence of salinity stress in the coastal saline ecosystem, the effect of different water-saving (WS) and water-conserving options was assessed on growth, yield and water use of tomato; two field experiments were carried out at Gosaba, West Bengal, India in consecutive seasons during the winter of 2016–17 and 2017–18. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with five treatments viz., surface irrigation, surface irrigation + straw mulching, drip irrigation at 100% reference evapotranspiration (ET0), drip irrigation at 80% ET0, drip irrigation at 80% ET0 + straw mulching. Application of drip irrigation at 80% ET0 + straw mulching brought about significantly the highest fruit as well as the marketable yield of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The soil reaction (pH), post-harvest organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and...
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