The author intends to add one particular national point of view to a previous comparative reflect... more The author intends to add one particular national point of view to a previous comparative reflection done by Black and Wiliam (2005), whose thesis is the need to study particular cases before making general proposals addressing the implementation of formative assessment practices. Teachers' conceptions about assessment are considered to be one important factor of pedagogical reform in classrooms. The structure of the educational system is recognized as another important element to be looked at. Fifty teachers from Barcelona city and the surrounding area were interviewed, thirty from primary schools and twenty from secondary schools. Additionally, classroom material which the teachers felt to be significantly representative of their daily assessment practices was demanded from them. A qualitative content analysis allowed the author to define five conceptions about assessment along one continuum, containing four different dimensions. Results reveal important differences between primary and secondary teachers as to their conceptions of assessment, which the author links to the structural changes of the national educational system back in the early 1990s. These differences should be taken into account if significant changes towards a generalization of formative assessment are expected to happen.
The use of antenatal corticosteroids is widespread and it is important to know their effect(s) on... more The use of antenatal corticosteroids is widespread and it is important to know their effect(s) on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays a crucial role in pulmonary development. The purpose of this study was to compare pulmonary VEGF expression in newborn rats that were exposed to antenatal betamethasone versus dexamethasone under normoxia, hypoxia and oxidative stress, and to evaluate its impact on alveolarization. Betamethasone, dexamethasone or equivalent saline solution (control group) was administered to pregnant rats. Newborn rats were randomized to room air, hypoxia followed by hyperoxia, or hypoxia followed by air. Pulmonary VEGF protein, VEGF mRNA, and alveolarization were evaluated at 4 days of life. Betamethasone and dexamethasone were observed to have different actions on VEGF expression with a correlation with alveolarization. Antenatal dexamethasone decreased VEGF expression, and dexamethasone and hyperoxia had an additive effect on the inhibition of VEGF with a reduction in alveolar development. Betamethasone appeared to have an effect on the induction of the expression of VEGF, and it seemed to inhibit the negative action of hyperoxia on VEGF. Moreover, betamethasone did not produce a decrease in alveolarization. Our results support the notion that betamethasone could be better than dexamethasone for antenatal lung maturation.
Fetal and postnatal lung development is regulated by glucocorticoids. The use of antenatal cortic... more Fetal and postnatal lung development is regulated by glucocorticoids. The use of antenatal corticosteroids is reported to produce effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays a crucial role in pulmonary development. The purpose of this study was to compare pulmonary VEGF expression in newborn rats that were exposed to antenatal betamethasone versus dexamethasone and to evaluate its impact on the alveolarization period of rats (0-14 days of life). Betamethasone, dexamethasone or equivalent saline solution (control group) was administered to pregnant rats on 20th and 21st days of gestation. Pulmonary VEGF mRNA, VEGF protein expression, and alveolarization changes were evaluated at birth and at 14 days of life. Betamethasone and dexamethasone were observed to have different actions on VEGF expression with a correlation with alveolarization on both days of study. Antenatal dexamethasone decreased VEGF expression, betamethasone tended to produce the induction of the expression of VEGF, and moreover, betamethasone did not produce a decrease in alveolarization as seen in the animals that received dexamethasone. Our results support the notion that betamethasone could be a better choice than dexamethasone for antenatal lung maturation.
Resumen El artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio de las concepciones del profesorado de ... more Resumen El artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio de las concepciones del profesorado de matemáticas sobre las funciones de la evaluación en la educación obligatoria. Los datos corresponden a las entrevistas realizadas a 50 profesores de edu-cación primaria y de ...
A particular framework of teachers' conceptions about assessment in school is presented. Fifty te... more A particular framework of teachers' conceptions about assessment in school is presented. Fifty teachers of primary and secondary school were interviewed. Results of a qualitative analysis allowed building a model of conceptions of assessment. This model comprises four dimensions about the effects of assessment on: teaching, learning, accountability of teachers and schools to different audiences and stakeholders, and the certification of achievement. These conceptions, unequally distributed, show some tendencies that might be linked to the intrinsic tension between the by-default co-occurrence of both pedagogic and societal functions of assessment in school, and to difficulties of implementing assessment for learning practices.
La empresa COPESA dedicada a la fabricación de componentes electrónicos, realiza las siguientes o... more La empresa COPESA dedicada a la fabricación de componentes electrónicos, realiza las siguientes operaciones en 2012, todas las operaciones están gravadas con el IVA del 21%.
The author intends to add one particular national point of view to a previous comparative reflect... more The author intends to add one particular national point of view to a previous comparative reflection done by Black and Wiliam (2005), whose thesis is the need to study particular cases before making general proposals addressing the implementation of formative assessment practices. Teachers' conceptions about assessment are considered to be one important factor of pedagogical reform in classrooms. The structure of the educational system is recognized as another important element to be looked at. Fifty teachers from Barcelona city and the surrounding area were interviewed, thirty from primary schools and twenty from secondary schools. Additionally, classroom material which the teachers felt to be significantly representative of their daily assessment practices was demanded from them. A qualitative content analysis allowed the author to define five conceptions about assessment along one continuum, containing four different dimensions. Results reveal important differences between primary and secondary teachers as to their conceptions of assessment, which the author links to the structural changes of the national educational system back in the early 1990s. These differences should be taken into account if significant changes towards a generalization of formative assessment are expected to happen.
The use of antenatal corticosteroids is widespread and it is important to know their effect(s) on... more The use of antenatal corticosteroids is widespread and it is important to know their effect(s) on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays a crucial role in pulmonary development. The purpose of this study was to compare pulmonary VEGF expression in newborn rats that were exposed to antenatal betamethasone versus dexamethasone under normoxia, hypoxia and oxidative stress, and to evaluate its impact on alveolarization. Betamethasone, dexamethasone or equivalent saline solution (control group) was administered to pregnant rats. Newborn rats were randomized to room air, hypoxia followed by hyperoxia, or hypoxia followed by air. Pulmonary VEGF protein, VEGF mRNA, and alveolarization were evaluated at 4 days of life. Betamethasone and dexamethasone were observed to have different actions on VEGF expression with a correlation with alveolarization. Antenatal dexamethasone decreased VEGF expression, and dexamethasone and hyperoxia had an additive effect on the inhibition of VEGF with a reduction in alveolar development. Betamethasone appeared to have an effect on the induction of the expression of VEGF, and it seemed to inhibit the negative action of hyperoxia on VEGF. Moreover, betamethasone did not produce a decrease in alveolarization. Our results support the notion that betamethasone could be better than dexamethasone for antenatal lung maturation.
Fetal and postnatal lung development is regulated by glucocorticoids. The use of antenatal cortic... more Fetal and postnatal lung development is regulated by glucocorticoids. The use of antenatal corticosteroids is reported to produce effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays a crucial role in pulmonary development. The purpose of this study was to compare pulmonary VEGF expression in newborn rats that were exposed to antenatal betamethasone versus dexamethasone and to evaluate its impact on the alveolarization period of rats (0-14 days of life). Betamethasone, dexamethasone or equivalent saline solution (control group) was administered to pregnant rats on 20th and 21st days of gestation. Pulmonary VEGF mRNA, VEGF protein expression, and alveolarization changes were evaluated at birth and at 14 days of life. Betamethasone and dexamethasone were observed to have different actions on VEGF expression with a correlation with alveolarization on both days of study. Antenatal dexamethasone decreased VEGF expression, betamethasone tended to produce the induction of the expression of VEGF, and moreover, betamethasone did not produce a decrease in alveolarization as seen in the animals that received dexamethasone. Our results support the notion that betamethasone could be a better choice than dexamethasone for antenatal lung maturation.
Resumen El artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio de las concepciones del profesorado de ... more Resumen El artículo presenta los resultados de un estudio de las concepciones del profesorado de matemáticas sobre las funciones de la evaluación en la educación obligatoria. Los datos corresponden a las entrevistas realizadas a 50 profesores de edu-cación primaria y de ...
A particular framework of teachers' conceptions about assessment in school is presented. Fifty te... more A particular framework of teachers' conceptions about assessment in school is presented. Fifty teachers of primary and secondary school were interviewed. Results of a qualitative analysis allowed building a model of conceptions of assessment. This model comprises four dimensions about the effects of assessment on: teaching, learning, accountability of teachers and schools to different audiences and stakeholders, and the certification of achievement. These conceptions, unequally distributed, show some tendencies that might be linked to the intrinsic tension between the by-default co-occurrence of both pedagogic and societal functions of assessment in school, and to difficulties of implementing assessment for learning practices.
La empresa COPESA dedicada a la fabricación de componentes electrónicos, realiza las siguientes o... more La empresa COPESA dedicada a la fabricación de componentes electrónicos, realiza las siguientes operaciones en 2012, todas las operaciones están gravadas con el IVA del 21%.
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