A parser based on this model is being implemented as a component of a larger system, namely a nat... more A parser based on this model is being implemented as a component of a larger system, namely a natural language data base interface. There it will follow a component of morphological analysis (see JSppinen et al C83); hence, throughout the present paper it is assumed that all relevant morpho logical and lexical information is computationally available for all words in a sentence. Even though we have a data base application in mind, sen tence analysis will be based on general linguistic knowledge. All applicatio-. dependent inferences are left to subsequent modules which are not discussed here.
Abstract. This paper describes how to use controlled languages (CLs) to build multilingual sales ... more Abstract. This paper describes how to use controlled languages (CLs) to build multilingual sales catalogue services on the WWW. CLs are human languages restricted to specific domains and with limited vocabulary and restricted syntax. Control aims to minimise ambiguities in the texts. This enables practical and costeffective solutions, e.g., for machine translation and text mining, which both are extremely difficult with unrestricted natural languages. In this paper, we present Webtran project in which we have designed a generic CL translation software. We report how it is used to translate product pages into Finnish and Estonian from a Swedish WWW mail-order catalogue. 1.
This paper describes the Cataloguing Tool of the Mkbeem multilingual eCommerce mediation system. ... more This paper describes the Cataloguing Tool of the Mkbeem multilingual eCommerce mediation system. The Cataloguing Tool is used by product suppliers to provide necessary product information in a form required by the mediation system. The relevant information includes product articles that are maintained in a pivot language and automatically translated to other supported languages. From the supplier viewpoint the Cataloguing Tool implements "write-once-publish-many" paradigm. Other functionalities of the tool include automatic extraction of product properties from text articles along to an ontological product model and automatic classification of products based on their properties and ontology models. This paper describes the Cataloguing Tool and discusses in more detail about the use of ontologies in automatic interpretation of the semantics of product articles and user queries.
The thesis presents a formalism for specifying grammars for automatic controlled language transla... more The thesis presents a formalism for specifying grammars for automatic controlled language translation. The described Augmented Lexical Entries (ALE) formalism was developed in the
Our model is intended for the analysis of Finnish word forms. The system performs all meaningful ... more Our model is intended for the analysis of Finnish word forms. The system performs all meaningful morphotactic segmentations for a given surface word form, transforms alternated stems into the basic form (sg nominative or 1st infinitive for nominals and verbs, respectively), and matches the stems against lexical entries in order to find the meaninful words. The present version of the system does not analyze compound word forma into their constituents, nor does Lt analyze derivational word forms. We are building a new version which will have some of these characteristics. Otherwise model is complete; it has been fully implemented, and tests indicate its correctness so far to lie in the neighborhood of 99.5 % (JSppinen et al., 1983).
This paper surveys problems encountered in studying the logico-semantic form and discourse proble... more This paper surveys problems encountered in studying the logico-semantic form and discourse problems of Finnish query sentences. W e ca ll the logico-semantic form a predication graph. The basic framework we use to represent the logica l form of Finnish query sentences is an annotated logical tree transformed from the dependency parse tree using graph transformations of the AWARE-system. Examples of analysing e l l i p t i c and anaphoric expressions are given. Finally, some c r it ic a l points of computational semantics are discussed. 1 CANONICAL STRUCTURE One of the main objectives of the logico-semantic level is to give those utterances that d iffe r only syntactically a uniform representation. This representation is a predication structure with predicates and their arguments. For example, the expressions "v a ltio t, iotka tuottavat laivoja" (countries that produce vessels) and "laivola tuottavat v a ltiot" (countries producing vessels) would lead into a sing...
This paper presents how to embed a fully automatic controlled language (CL) translation into onli... more This paper presents how to embed a fully automatic controlled language (CL) translation into online services on internet. CLs are natural sublanguages with specific domains, limited vocabulary, restricted syntax, and minimised ambiguities. The CLs enable practical and costeffective language processing solutions, e.g., for machine translation and text mining. We have designed a generic CL translation software, Webtran, which is intended for building multilingual services on Internet. We describe the Augmented Lexical Entries formalism provided for a controlled language definition. These entries can be simple, single or multilingual, word or idiom descriptions. They may define dependency relations, control semantic admissibility, specify language repair, and even depict high-level document syntax. Webtran includes a language-modelling tool which supports the ALE-formalism and implements human-assisted machine learning to intensify the modelling. We present our experiences of adapting ...
Серія 9. Сучасні тенденції розвитку мов 81 питання є перспективними, оскільки знання особливостей... more Серія 9. Сучасні тенденції розвитку мов 81 питання є перспективними, оскільки знання особливостей інтерпретації РТ мають як теоретичне, так і практичне застосування в економічній та політичній (теорії управління) галузях, в сфері культурних відносин, когнітивної лінгвістики та психології.
A parser based on this model is being implemented as a component of a larger system, namely a nat... more A parser based on this model is being implemented as a component of a larger system, namely a natural language data base interface. There it will follow a component of morphological analysis (see JSppinen et al C83); hence, throughout the present paper it is assumed that all relevant morpho logical and lexical information is computationally available for all words in a sentence. Even though we have a data base application in mind, sen tence analysis will be based on general linguistic knowledge. All applicatio-. dependent inferences are left to subsequent modules which are not discussed here.
Abstract. This paper describes how to use controlled languages (CLs) to build multilingual sales ... more Abstract. This paper describes how to use controlled languages (CLs) to build multilingual sales catalogue services on the WWW. CLs are human languages restricted to specific domains and with limited vocabulary and restricted syntax. Control aims to minimise ambiguities in the texts. This enables practical and costeffective solutions, e.g., for machine translation and text mining, which both are extremely difficult with unrestricted natural languages. In this paper, we present Webtran project in which we have designed a generic CL translation software. We report how it is used to translate product pages into Finnish and Estonian from a Swedish WWW mail-order catalogue. 1.
This paper describes the Cataloguing Tool of the Mkbeem multilingual eCommerce mediation system. ... more This paper describes the Cataloguing Tool of the Mkbeem multilingual eCommerce mediation system. The Cataloguing Tool is used by product suppliers to provide necessary product information in a form required by the mediation system. The relevant information includes product articles that are maintained in a pivot language and automatically translated to other supported languages. From the supplier viewpoint the Cataloguing Tool implements "write-once-publish-many" paradigm. Other functionalities of the tool include automatic extraction of product properties from text articles along to an ontological product model and automatic classification of products based on their properties and ontology models. This paper describes the Cataloguing Tool and discusses in more detail about the use of ontologies in automatic interpretation of the semantics of product articles and user queries.
The thesis presents a formalism for specifying grammars for automatic controlled language transla... more The thesis presents a formalism for specifying grammars for automatic controlled language translation. The described Augmented Lexical Entries (ALE) formalism was developed in the
Our model is intended for the analysis of Finnish word forms. The system performs all meaningful ... more Our model is intended for the analysis of Finnish word forms. The system performs all meaningful morphotactic segmentations for a given surface word form, transforms alternated stems into the basic form (sg nominative or 1st infinitive for nominals and verbs, respectively), and matches the stems against lexical entries in order to find the meaninful words. The present version of the system does not analyze compound word forma into their constituents, nor does Lt analyze derivational word forms. We are building a new version which will have some of these characteristics. Otherwise model is complete; it has been fully implemented, and tests indicate its correctness so far to lie in the neighborhood of 99.5 % (JSppinen et al., 1983).
This paper surveys problems encountered in studying the logico-semantic form and discourse proble... more This paper surveys problems encountered in studying the logico-semantic form and discourse problems of Finnish query sentences. W e ca ll the logico-semantic form a predication graph. The basic framework we use to represent the logica l form of Finnish query sentences is an annotated logical tree transformed from the dependency parse tree using graph transformations of the AWARE-system. Examples of analysing e l l i p t i c and anaphoric expressions are given. Finally, some c r it ic a l points of computational semantics are discussed. 1 CANONICAL STRUCTURE One of the main objectives of the logico-semantic level is to give those utterances that d iffe r only syntactically a uniform representation. This representation is a predication structure with predicates and their arguments. For example, the expressions "v a ltio t, iotka tuottavat laivoja" (countries that produce vessels) and "laivola tuottavat v a ltiot" (countries producing vessels) would lead into a sing...
This paper presents how to embed a fully automatic controlled language (CL) translation into onli... more This paper presents how to embed a fully automatic controlled language (CL) translation into online services on internet. CLs are natural sublanguages with specific domains, limited vocabulary, restricted syntax, and minimised ambiguities. The CLs enable practical and costeffective language processing solutions, e.g., for machine translation and text mining. We have designed a generic CL translation software, Webtran, which is intended for building multilingual services on Internet. We describe the Augmented Lexical Entries formalism provided for a controlled language definition. These entries can be simple, single or multilingual, word or idiom descriptions. They may define dependency relations, control semantic admissibility, specify language repair, and even depict high-level document syntax. Webtran includes a language-modelling tool which supports the ALE-formalism and implements human-assisted machine learning to intensify the modelling. We present our experiences of adapting ...
Серія 9. Сучасні тенденції розвитку мов 81 питання є перспективними, оскільки знання особливостей... more Серія 9. Сучасні тенденції розвитку мов 81 питання є перспективними, оскільки знання особливостей інтерпретації РТ мають як теоретичне, так і практичне застосування в економічній та політичній (теорії управління) галузях, в сфері культурних відносин, когнітивної лінгвістики та психології.
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