Papers by ADEOLU TAIWO ANDE
Despite increasing reports and concerns about resistance development to public-health insecticide... more Despite increasing reports and concerns about resistance development to public-health insecticides in malaria vectors, significant steps have been put into the quest for novel strategies to disrupt the disease transmission cycle by targeting insect vectors hence sustaining vector management. This study evaluates the toxicity potential of oils of insecticidal plants shortlisted in an ethnobotanical survey on the larvae and adult stages ofAnopheles gambiae. Oils from leaves ofHyptis suaveolens, Ocimum gratissimum, Nicotiana tabacum, Ageratum conyzoidesand fruit-peel ofCitrus sinensiswere extracted by steam-distillation using a Clevenger apparatus. Larvae and female adults of deltamethrin-susceptibleAnopheles gambiaewere gotten from an already established colony in the Entomological Research Laboratory, University of Ilorin. Twenty-five third instar stage larvae were used for larvicidal assays while twenty 2-5 days old adults were used for the adulticidal assays in five replicates.A. g...
Acta Tropica, 2007
Because free-insecticide treated net distribution is planned in Benin (West Africa) during the ne... more Because free-insecticide treated net distribution is planned in Benin (West Africa) during the next few years, we investigated the type, frequency and distribution of insecticide resistance mechanisms in Anopheles gambiae and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in four localities selected on the basis of contrasting agricultural practices, use of insecticides and environment. Bioassays with WHO diagnostic test kits were carried out using pyrethroid, carbamate, organophosphate and organochlorine insecticides. An. gambiae mosquitoes were identified to species and to M or S molecular forms using PCR techniques. Molecular and biochemical assays were carried out to identify kdr and Ace.1 mutations in individual mosquitoes and to detect any increase in the activity of enzymes typically involved in insecticide metabolism (oxidase, esterase and glutathion-S-transférases). WHO diagnostic tests showed high frequency of resistance in An. gambiae and Cx. quinquefasciatus to permethrin and DDT in three areas. This was consistent with the presence of target site insensitivity due to kdr mutation and to increased metabolism through enzymatic activity. Kdr was expressed in both M and S forms. However, less than 1% of An. gambiae or Cx. quiqnuefasciatus showed the presence of the Ace.1 R mutation. Carbamate/OP resistance was present at higher frequency in Culex than in An. gambiae. Dieldrin resistance was present in both species at all four localities. A higher frequency of pyrethroid-resistance was found in An. gambiae mosquitoes collected in urban areas compared to those collected in rice growing areas. The expansion of vegetable growing within urban areas probably contributed to selection pressure on mosquitoes. The detection of multiple resistance mechanisms in both An. gambiae and Cx. quinquefasciatus in Benin may represent a threat for the efficacy of ITNs and other forms of vector control such as indoor residual spraying in the future.
Despite increasing reports and concerns about resistance development to public-health insecticide... more Despite increasing reports and concerns about resistance development to public-health insecticides in malaria-vectors, significant steps have been put into the quest for novel strategies to disrupt the disease transmission cycle by targeting insect-vectors hence sustaining vector management. This study evaluates the toxicity potential of oils of insecticidal plants shortlisted in an ethnobotanical survey on the larvae and adult stages of Anopheles gambiae. Oils from leaves of Hyptis suaveolens, Ocimum gratissimum, Nicotiana tabacum, Ageratum conyzoides and fruit-peel of Citrus sinensis were extracted by steam-distillation using a Clevenger apparatus. Larvae and female adults of deltamethrin susceptible Anopheles gambiae were gotten from an already established colony in the Entomological Research Laboratory, University of Ilorin. Twenty-five third instar stage larvae were used for larvicidal assays while twenty 2-5 days old adults were used for the adulticidal assays in five replicat...
For the first time in Africa, an entomological study went beyond the conventional practice of det... more For the first time in Africa, an entomological study went beyond the conventional practice of determining parity and survival rates of field-collected adult anopheline mosquitoes but also related these variables to duration of Plasmodium sporogony and estimated the expectation of infective life. Blood-seeking female mosquitoes were collected in Ilorin, Nigeria, from January 2005 to December 2006, and dissected for ovarian tracheations following WHO recommended techniques. The results indicated an annual mean parous rate of 70.92%, and significantly higher parous rates in the rainy than dry season, which also had very low densities. Mean probability of daily survival of the mosquitoes was 0.80, with annual mean life expectancy of 12.24 days. The probability of surviving the sporogonic cycle was low (< 0.4) but the expectation of infective life was long, especially in the rainy season (mean = 8.31 days). The epidemiological implications of these results were discussed. The An. gamb...
Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology
Bulletin of the National Research Centre
Background The preponderant use of wireless telecommunication in the twenty-first century has ena... more Background The preponderant use of wireless telecommunication in the twenty-first century has enabled ease and efficient communication and a pervasive occurrence of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) that has significantly impacted the ecosystem. This study looks at the effect of radiations from wireless telecommunication EMF on the distribution, diversity and abundance of some insects in Nigeria. The study was undertaken in Ilorin, Kwara State, which is located in the Guinea Savannah belt of Nigeria. The chosen choice of study area was one with a telecommunication mast devoid of residential and human interference within a 10 km radius. Five sampling stations were selected around the mast and a control station. EMR intensity levels and pollinating insect number were monitored daily for 22 weeks using an acoustimeter and malaise traps. Collected insects were identified morphologically using appropriate keys. Results The mean electromagnetic radiation (EMR) intensity was significantly (P
Infestation of domestic animals with ticks constitutes both a major health and economic problem ... more Infestation of domestic animals with ticks constitutes both a major health and economic problem in livestock production. The study was conducted to identify the species of ticks infesting domestic animals such as cattle, sheep and goats in Mubi cattle market, Adamawa State. Ten (10) each of cattle, sheep and goat were randomly selected at Mubi Cattle Market at every collection date, and were examined for tick infestation. Ticks were collected from different predilection sites. Ticks collected were transferred to Safe-Lock Eppendorf tubes containing 70% ethanol. The specimens were identified to species level using hand lens and dissecting microscope. A total of 232 adult ticks (17 male, 215 females) were collected. 8 species of ticks were identified across three genera namely Ripicephalus microplus (79.74%) was the most prevalent, followed by Ripicephalus decoloratus (9.05%), Amblyomma variegatum (4.31%), Rhipicephalus simus (3.02%), Hyalomma dromedarii (2.16%), Amblyomma habraeum...
Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases
Background: Timely entomological and insecticide resistance monitoring is a key to generating rel... more Background: Timely entomological and insecticide resistance monitoring is a key to generating relevant data for vector management. We investigated the insecticide susceptibility status of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in eight rural farming communities in Southern Gombe, Nigeria. Methods: Overall, 3–5 days-old adult female Anopheles mosquitoes reared from field-collected immature stages between September and November, 2014 were exposed to the diagnostic doses of pyrethroids, organophosphate and carbamate insecticides using the Center for Disease Control Bottle bioassay. The observatory knockdown time from exposure to each insecticide was recorded up to two hours. The dead mosquitoes were then identified morphologically and by molecular assays. Results: Mortality results showed resistance in An. gambiae s.l. populations to bendiocarb (2.3–100%), deltamethrin (39–70%), pirimiphos-methyl (65–95%), dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (0–38.1%), permethrin (0–46.3%) and lambda-cyhalothrin (42.5–...
Journal of Mosquito Research
Due to the ineffectiveness of synthetic insecticides for sustainable control of Mosquito vectors,... more Due to the ineffectiveness of synthetic insecticides for sustainable control of Mosquito vectors, whose transmitted diseases are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world today, attention has been directed towards insecticide formulations of plant origin. This study was, therefore, carried out to evaluate the larvicidal potential of the methanolic and n-hexane crude extracts of leaves of Adansonia digitata and Ficus sur against fourth larval instar of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito. The leaves of the plants were collected from Minna, Nigeria, pulverised, extracted and evaporated using Sohxlet apparatus, with methanol and n-hexane as solvents of extraction. The crude extracts of the leaves were screened for phytochemical constituents following standard methods. The larvae were obtained from a Laboratory colony of mosquitoes raised following standard protocols. Test concentrations of 0.0125, 0.025, and 0.05 mg/L of n-hexane and 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/L of the methanolic extracts were prepared and tested for larvicidal activities against the mosquito following the WHO standard protocols. Larval Mortality was recorded after 24 hours of exposure and mean mortalities computed. Lethal concentration values (LC 50 and LC 90 ) of the extracts were determined using Probit regression analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of Flavanoids, Tannin, Saponin, Alkaloids, Steroids, Terpenoid, Cardiac glycosides and Anthraquinone, whose presence were solvent- and plant-species-dependent. There were significant differences in the recorded mortality between the various concentrations of each extracts, the solvents types and plant species. The n-hexane extracts of both plants showed significantly higher larvicidal efficacy against the larvae than their methanolic counterpart. While the n-hexane extract of A. digitata was more potent than its F. sur counterpart, the latter’s methanolic extract was more potent than the former. The median (LC 50 ) and upper (LC 90 ) Lethal concentration of methanolic and n-hexane crude extracts of A . digitata leaf were 0.15 and 0.008 mg/L, and 1.21 and 0.22 mg/L, respectively, while these values for methanolic and n-hexane crude extracts of F. sur were 0.13 and 0.015 mg/L, and 2.64 and 0.15 mg/L, respectively. The plants extracts also elicited dose dependent mortality. The findings of this study suggest that A. digitata and F. sur are promising sources of botanical lead agents in the development of sustainable potent larvicides, for integrated control programmes against mosquito-borne diseases.
2016 International Congress of Entomology, 2016
For the first time in Africa, an entomological study went beyond the conventional practice of det... more For the first time in Africa, an entomological study went beyond the conventional practice of determining parity and survival rates of field-collected adult anopheline mosquitoes but also related these variables to duration of Plasmodium sporogony and estimated the expectation of infective life. Blood-seeking female mosquitoes were collected in Ilorin, Nigeria, from January 2005 to December 2006, and dissected for ovarian tracheations following WHO recommended techniques. The results indicated an annual mean parous rate of 70.92%, and significantly higher parous rates in the rainy than dry season, which also had very low densities. Mean probability of daily survival of the mosquitoes was 0.80, with annual mean life expectancy of 12.24 days. The probability of surviving the sporogonic cycle was low (< 0.4) but the expectation of infective life was long, especially in the rainy season (mean = 8.31 days). The epidemiological implications of these results were discussed. The An. gamb...
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science, Sep 1, 1998
... ADEOLU T. ANDE AND JOSHUA O. FASORANTI Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ilori... more ... ADEOLU T. ANDE AND JOSHUA O. FASORANTI Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ilorin PMB 1515, Ilorin, Nigeria ... Acknowledgements—We wish to thank the following: Messrs Deolu Alade, Karimu Muhammed and Saliu Muhammed who assisted in insect ...
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Papers by ADEOLU TAIWO ANDE