In this study, garbage gas, which is a type of renewable energy sources, and which is expressed b... more In this study, garbage gas, which is a type of renewable energy sources, and which is expressed by names such as LFG and storage gas, is emphasized. In the solid waste landfill and disposal facility in Erbaa District of Tokat, the formation of landfill gas has been examined and the landfill and methane gas amounts that can be obtained from the landfill are estimated with the help of LandGEM-EPA mathematical model. Then, by comparing the production quantities of the storage area with the data of the model in those years, the deviation amounts were determined. This deviation amount was interpreted, and the appropriate parameter was determined for the facility conditions.
This paper presents performance comparisons of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and different classif... more This paper presents performance comparisons of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and different classification method for power quality disturbance classification. The first goal of this study is to investigate EEMD (ensemble empirical mode decomposition) performance and to compare it with classical EMD for feature vector extraction and selection of power quality disturbances. Features are extracted from the power electrical signals by using Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT). This technique is a combination of ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and Hilbert transform (HT). The outputs of HT are instantaneous frequency (IF) and instantaneous amplitude (IA). Characteristic features are obtained from first IMFs', IF and IA. The ten features, i.e. mean, standard deviation, singular values, maxima and minima of IF and IA, are then calculated. These features are normalized and the inputs of SVM and other classifiers.
This paper presents an optimized widthwise electromagnetic shunt as a cost-effective way to reduc... more This paper presents an optimized widthwise electromagnetic shunt as a cost-effective way to reduce the stray losses in transformer tank walls. A 1000 KVA, 10/0.4 kV oil immersed distribution transformer is used. 3-D finite element method (FEM) has been used to analysis and study the impact of proposed magnetic shunt on the reduction of tank losses. In this paper different combinations of optimized magnetic shunt have been studied. The paper compares the performance of proposed optimized magnetic shunt with the available conventional shunts. Considerable reductions in stray losses on the transformer tank wall are obtained by using the combinations of electromagnetic shunt with optimal thickness. Compared with aluminum shields and conventional electromagnetic shunt, the proposed optimized widthwise magnetic shunt reduces stray losses by 13.96%.
2011 7th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ELECO), 2011
This paper presents performance comparisons of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and different classif... more This paper presents performance comparisons of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and different classification method for power quality disturbance classification. The first goal of this study is to investigate EEMD (ensemble empirical mode decomposition) performance and to compare it with classical EMD for feature vector extraction and selection of power quality disturbances. Features are extracted from the power electrical signals by using Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT). This technique is a combination of ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and Hilbert transform (HT). The outputs of HT are instantaneous frequency (IF) and instantaneous amplitude (IA). Characteristic features are obtained from first IMFs', IF and IA. The ten features, i.e. mean, standard deviation, singular values, maxima and minima of IF and IA, are then calculated. These features are normalized and the inputs of SVM and other classifiers.
Although the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic method of analysis, it has ... more Although the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic method of analysis, it has some shortcomings and limitations since it is a method based on intuitionistic and subjective statements of the person that rate the failure modes. In order to eliminate these constraints, the use of the method in conjunction with the grey relational analysis, which is one of the multi criteria decision making methods, helps to eliminate intuitionistic situations and prioritize the failure modes that need corrections and precautions. The classical FMEA and the FMEA integrated with the grey relational analysis approaches were applied, and their effectiveness was assessed in this study to identify and prioritize the failures and determine the measures to be taken in the wheat sieving machine production. For this purpose, first the Risk Priority Numbers (RPN) were calculated using the classical failure mode and effects analysis, then two separate grey RPNs were calculated on the assumptions...
One of the most fundamental tasks of engineers is to transform their academic knowledge to any pr... more One of the most fundamental tasks of engineers is to transform their academic knowledge to any production in the industry. The engineers, the main factor of the industry to product innovative effective productions, graduate from universities. The quality of the academic education is directly interested by industry. Thus, there is a natural supply and demand relationship between the industry and universities. The best cooperation between industry and universities is an obligation to have quality bilateral benefits
This study aims to provide a new working characteristic via distributing the motor main windings ... more This study aims to provide a new working characteristic via distributing the motor main windings to stator slots completely. To achieve this 1/3 stator slots being empty are filled with the same kind of winding. The motor is designed for double state running. In the first running state, the traditional motor characteristics are preserved. In this state, motor runs with high current and high torque. For this particular running condition motor is thought to be suitable for applications which require high initial torque with a short period of time. In the second running state motor runs with low current and low torque. This state provides a better power factor and efficiency. Consequently, it yields to a better efficiency x power factor characteristic. Second running state is suitable for application which requires low current with low torque. 1. Giriş Günümüzde endüstride kullanılan elektrik motorlarının en önemli bölümünü asenkron motorlar oluşturmaktadır. Asenkron motorların yaygın ...
In this study, physical sizes and geometry of a 3-phase, 12/8 pole, 250 watts switched reluctance... more In this study, physical sizes and geometry of a 3-phase, 12/8 pole, 250 watts switched reluctance motor (SRM) which is used in a washing machine drive have been determined and its one-to-one model has been developed. The model obtained has been analyzed through the 3 D magnetostatic analysis method and 3 D finite elements method. As a result of the analyze, phase inductance, torque ripple, average and instant torque, air – gap power and magnetic flux pattern values have been obtained. Besides, analytical approach values for these magnitudes have been calculated and simulated. The fact that the results of the analytical approaches and simulation results are close to the real size values proved that the applied simulation method was correct.
The charge carrier transport and related transport layers are extremely essential issue for obtai... more The charge carrier transport and related transport layers are extremely essential issue for obtaining high-efficient Organic Light Emitting Devices (OLEDs) and high-performance Organic Field Effect Transistor (OFETs). In an attempt to light on the effects of diethylenetriamine (DETA) based protic ionic liquids (PILs) on OLEDs and OFET, PILs were used as a hole transport layer and dielectric layer in OLEDs and OFETs, respectively. Charge transfer properties of synthesized two novel DETA based PILs (PIL1 and PIL2) on OLED device performance were investigated by spinning on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) due to their ionic characteristics. The PIL2 based OLED device showed threefold luminance (1038 cd/m2) compared to reference device (360 cd/m2) without effecting its light output emission wavelength. When analyzed OFET performances, device with PIL1 possessed the highest performance in terms of low threshold voltage (VTh∼1.5 V), operating voltage (V∼...
Abstract Recent studies on remote detection methods were mostly for improving variables like sens... more Abstract Recent studies on remote detection methods were mostly for improving variables like sensing distance, sensitivity and power consumption. Especially using anisotropic magneto-resistive sensors with low power consumption and high sensitivity for detecting subsurface magnetic materials became very popular in last decades. In our study, for detecting subsurface materials, we have used fluxgate sensor network for having even higher sensitivity and also minimizing the power consumption by detecting the changing rates of horizontal component of earth’s magnetic flux which is assumed to be very low. We have constituted a magnetic measurement system which comprises a detector system, which has a mechanism enables sensors to move in 3-D space, a data acquisition module for processing and sending all sensor information, and a computer for running the magnetic flux data evaluation and recording software. Using this system, tests are carried out to detect anomalies on horizontal component of earth’s magnetic flux which is created by different subsurface materials with known magnetic, chemical and geometric properties. The harmonics of horizontal component of earth’s magnetic flux in scanned area are analyzed by the help of DSP Lock-In amplifier and the amplitudes of high variation harmonics are shown as computer graphics. Using the graphic information, the upside surface geometry of subsurface material is defined. For identifying the magnetic anomalies, we have used the scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT)–binary robust invariant scalable keypoints (BRISKs) as keypoint and descriptor. We used an algorithm for matching the newly scanned image to the closest image in database which is constituted of mines and possible other metal objects like cans, etc. Results show that, if the proposed detection system is used instead of metal detectors which cannot distinguish mines from other metal materials and alert for every type of metal with different geometries, it can be said that miss alarm count, work force and time can be decreased dramatically. In this paper, mostly the setup of the system is described and in Appendix A some experimental outputs of the system for different geometries of metal samples are given. And also for comparing the results of the proposed system, additional experiments are carried out with a different type of sensor chip, namely KMZ51, and also given in Appendix A.
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, May 20, 2014
The location selection for nuclear power plant (NPP) is a strategic decision, which has significa... more The location selection for nuclear power plant (NPP) is a strategic decision, which has significant impact on the economic operation of the plant and sustainable development of the region. This paper proposes fuzzy TOPSIS and generalized Choquet fuzzy integral algorithm for evaluation and selection of optimal locations for NPP in Turkey. Many sub-criteria such as geological, social, touristic, transportation abilities, cooling water capacity and nearest to consumptions markets are taken into account. Among the evaluated locations, according to generalized Choquet fuzzy integral method, Inceburun-Sinop was selected as a study site due to its highest performance and meeting most of the investigated criteria. The Inceburun-Sinop is selected by generalized Choquet fuzzy integral and fuzzy TOPSIS Igneada-Kırklareli took place in the first turn. The Mersin-Akkuyu is not selected in both methods.
There are increasing environmental concerns such that governments are pressured to cooperate with... more There are increasing environmental concerns such that governments are pressured to cooperate with international concurrences. One of the most harmful contaminants is mineral oil when it infiltrates the soil. Although it is a good material in the act of insulating in distribution/power transformers, it presents some environmental hazards and safety disadvantages. For this reason, gas-insulated transformers are considered particularly for hazardous locations. An oilinsulated distribution transformer of 50 kVA, 34.5/0.4 kV, and 50 Hz is investigated and converted to SF6 gas-insulated transformer in this study. The suggested distribution transformer model with SF6 insulated has many benefits, such as being explosion-proof and light, with a compact design. Therefore, the new design provides a safer transformation for security risk environments such as nuclear power plants, mines, and submarines. The prototype is more compact and proposes lighter designs between 25% and 55% as compared to conventional oil-insulated transformers. COMSOL is used for modeling and breakdown optimization studies.
This paper presents the performance evaluation of support vector machine (SVM) with one against a... more This paper presents the performance evaluation of support vector machine (SVM) with one against all (OAA) and different classification methods for power quality monitoring. The first aim of this study is to investigate EEMD (ensemble empirical mode decomposition) performance and to compare it with classical EMD (empirical mode decomposition) for feature vector extraction and selection of power quality disturbances. Feature vectors are extracted from the sampled power signals with the Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT) technique. HHT is a combination of EEMD and Hilbert transform (HT). The outputs of HHT are intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), instantaneous frequency (IF), and instantaneous amplitude (IA). Characteristic features are obtained from first IMFs, IF, and IA. The ten features—i.e., the mean, standard deviation, singular values, maxima and minima—of both IF and IA are then calculated. These features are normalized along with the inputs of SVM and other classifiers.
In this paper a design methodology is introduced for Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Mach... more In this paper a design methodology is introduced for Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines. Axial Flux Machines are very popular in renewable energy systems because of their lightweight and compact designs. Introduced algorithm is Design of Experiment with Taguchi approach. By using orthogonal experimental design and analysis techniques, these methods allow an industrial process to be optimized with only a small number of experiments.
In this study, garbage gas, which is a type of renewable energy sources, and which is expressed b... more In this study, garbage gas, which is a type of renewable energy sources, and which is expressed by names such as LFG and storage gas, is emphasized. In the solid waste landfill and disposal facility in Erbaa District of Tokat, the formation of landfill gas has been examined and the landfill and methane gas amounts that can be obtained from the landfill are estimated with the help of LandGEM-EPA mathematical model. Then, by comparing the production quantities of the storage area with the data of the model in those years, the deviation amounts were determined. This deviation amount was interpreted, and the appropriate parameter was determined for the facility conditions.
This paper presents performance comparisons of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and different classif... more This paper presents performance comparisons of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and different classification method for power quality disturbance classification. The first goal of this study is to investigate EEMD (ensemble empirical mode decomposition) performance and to compare it with classical EMD for feature vector extraction and selection of power quality disturbances. Features are extracted from the power electrical signals by using Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT). This technique is a combination of ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and Hilbert transform (HT). The outputs of HT are instantaneous frequency (IF) and instantaneous amplitude (IA). Characteristic features are obtained from first IMFs', IF and IA. The ten features, i.e. mean, standard deviation, singular values, maxima and minima of IF and IA, are then calculated. These features are normalized and the inputs of SVM and other classifiers.
This paper presents an optimized widthwise electromagnetic shunt as a cost-effective way to reduc... more This paper presents an optimized widthwise electromagnetic shunt as a cost-effective way to reduce the stray losses in transformer tank walls. A 1000 KVA, 10/0.4 kV oil immersed distribution transformer is used. 3-D finite element method (FEM) has been used to analysis and study the impact of proposed magnetic shunt on the reduction of tank losses. In this paper different combinations of optimized magnetic shunt have been studied. The paper compares the performance of proposed optimized magnetic shunt with the available conventional shunts. Considerable reductions in stray losses on the transformer tank wall are obtained by using the combinations of electromagnetic shunt with optimal thickness. Compared with aluminum shields and conventional electromagnetic shunt, the proposed optimized widthwise magnetic shunt reduces stray losses by 13.96%.
2011 7th International Conference on Electrical and Electronics Engineering (ELECO), 2011
This paper presents performance comparisons of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and different classif... more This paper presents performance comparisons of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and different classification method for power quality disturbance classification. The first goal of this study is to investigate EEMD (ensemble empirical mode decomposition) performance and to compare it with classical EMD for feature vector extraction and selection of power quality disturbances. Features are extracted from the power electrical signals by using Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT). This technique is a combination of ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and Hilbert transform (HT). The outputs of HT are instantaneous frequency (IF) and instantaneous amplitude (IA). Characteristic features are obtained from first IMFs', IF and IA. The ten features, i.e. mean, standard deviation, singular values, maxima and minima of IF and IA, are then calculated. These features are normalized and the inputs of SVM and other classifiers.
Although the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic method of analysis, it has ... more Although the Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is a systematic method of analysis, it has some shortcomings and limitations since it is a method based on intuitionistic and subjective statements of the person that rate the failure modes. In order to eliminate these constraints, the use of the method in conjunction with the grey relational analysis, which is one of the multi criteria decision making methods, helps to eliminate intuitionistic situations and prioritize the failure modes that need corrections and precautions. The classical FMEA and the FMEA integrated with the grey relational analysis approaches were applied, and their effectiveness was assessed in this study to identify and prioritize the failures and determine the measures to be taken in the wheat sieving machine production. For this purpose, first the Risk Priority Numbers (RPN) were calculated using the classical failure mode and effects analysis, then two separate grey RPNs were calculated on the assumptions...
One of the most fundamental tasks of engineers is to transform their academic knowledge to any pr... more One of the most fundamental tasks of engineers is to transform their academic knowledge to any production in the industry. The engineers, the main factor of the industry to product innovative effective productions, graduate from universities. The quality of the academic education is directly interested by industry. Thus, there is a natural supply and demand relationship between the industry and universities. The best cooperation between industry and universities is an obligation to have quality bilateral benefits
This study aims to provide a new working characteristic via distributing the motor main windings ... more This study aims to provide a new working characteristic via distributing the motor main windings to stator slots completely. To achieve this 1/3 stator slots being empty are filled with the same kind of winding. The motor is designed for double state running. In the first running state, the traditional motor characteristics are preserved. In this state, motor runs with high current and high torque. For this particular running condition motor is thought to be suitable for applications which require high initial torque with a short period of time. In the second running state motor runs with low current and low torque. This state provides a better power factor and efficiency. Consequently, it yields to a better efficiency x power factor characteristic. Second running state is suitable for application which requires low current with low torque. 1. Giriş Günümüzde endüstride kullanılan elektrik motorlarının en önemli bölümünü asenkron motorlar oluşturmaktadır. Asenkron motorların yaygın ...
In this study, physical sizes and geometry of a 3-phase, 12/8 pole, 250 watts switched reluctance... more In this study, physical sizes and geometry of a 3-phase, 12/8 pole, 250 watts switched reluctance motor (SRM) which is used in a washing machine drive have been determined and its one-to-one model has been developed. The model obtained has been analyzed through the 3 D magnetostatic analysis method and 3 D finite elements method. As a result of the analyze, phase inductance, torque ripple, average and instant torque, air – gap power and magnetic flux pattern values have been obtained. Besides, analytical approach values for these magnitudes have been calculated and simulated. The fact that the results of the analytical approaches and simulation results are close to the real size values proved that the applied simulation method was correct.
The charge carrier transport and related transport layers are extremely essential issue for obtai... more The charge carrier transport and related transport layers are extremely essential issue for obtaining high-efficient Organic Light Emitting Devices (OLEDs) and high-performance Organic Field Effect Transistor (OFETs). In an attempt to light on the effects of diethylenetriamine (DETA) based protic ionic liquids (PILs) on OLEDs and OFET, PILs were used as a hole transport layer and dielectric layer in OLEDs and OFETs, respectively. Charge transfer properties of synthesized two novel DETA based PILs (PIL1 and PIL2) on OLED device performance were investigated by spinning on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) due to their ionic characteristics. The PIL2 based OLED device showed threefold luminance (1038 cd/m2) compared to reference device (360 cd/m2) without effecting its light output emission wavelength. When analyzed OFET performances, device with PIL1 possessed the highest performance in terms of low threshold voltage (VTh∼1.5 V), operating voltage (V∼...
Abstract Recent studies on remote detection methods were mostly for improving variables like sens... more Abstract Recent studies on remote detection methods were mostly for improving variables like sensing distance, sensitivity and power consumption. Especially using anisotropic magneto-resistive sensors with low power consumption and high sensitivity for detecting subsurface magnetic materials became very popular in last decades. In our study, for detecting subsurface materials, we have used fluxgate sensor network for having even higher sensitivity and also minimizing the power consumption by detecting the changing rates of horizontal component of earth’s magnetic flux which is assumed to be very low. We have constituted a magnetic measurement system which comprises a detector system, which has a mechanism enables sensors to move in 3-D space, a data acquisition module for processing and sending all sensor information, and a computer for running the magnetic flux data evaluation and recording software. Using this system, tests are carried out to detect anomalies on horizontal component of earth’s magnetic flux which is created by different subsurface materials with known magnetic, chemical and geometric properties. The harmonics of horizontal component of earth’s magnetic flux in scanned area are analyzed by the help of DSP Lock-In amplifier and the amplitudes of high variation harmonics are shown as computer graphics. Using the graphic information, the upside surface geometry of subsurface material is defined. For identifying the magnetic anomalies, we have used the scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT)–binary robust invariant scalable keypoints (BRISKs) as keypoint and descriptor. We used an algorithm for matching the newly scanned image to the closest image in database which is constituted of mines and possible other metal objects like cans, etc. Results show that, if the proposed detection system is used instead of metal detectors which cannot distinguish mines from other metal materials and alert for every type of metal with different geometries, it can be said that miss alarm count, work force and time can be decreased dramatically. In this paper, mostly the setup of the system is described and in Appendix A some experimental outputs of the system for different geometries of metal samples are given. And also for comparing the results of the proposed system, additional experiments are carried out with a different type of sensor chip, namely KMZ51, and also given in Appendix A.
Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology, May 20, 2014
The location selection for nuclear power plant (NPP) is a strategic decision, which has significa... more The location selection for nuclear power plant (NPP) is a strategic decision, which has significant impact on the economic operation of the plant and sustainable development of the region. This paper proposes fuzzy TOPSIS and generalized Choquet fuzzy integral algorithm for evaluation and selection of optimal locations for NPP in Turkey. Many sub-criteria such as geological, social, touristic, transportation abilities, cooling water capacity and nearest to consumptions markets are taken into account. Among the evaluated locations, according to generalized Choquet fuzzy integral method, Inceburun-Sinop was selected as a study site due to its highest performance and meeting most of the investigated criteria. The Inceburun-Sinop is selected by generalized Choquet fuzzy integral and fuzzy TOPSIS Igneada-Kırklareli took place in the first turn. The Mersin-Akkuyu is not selected in both methods.
There are increasing environmental concerns such that governments are pressured to cooperate with... more There are increasing environmental concerns such that governments are pressured to cooperate with international concurrences. One of the most harmful contaminants is mineral oil when it infiltrates the soil. Although it is a good material in the act of insulating in distribution/power transformers, it presents some environmental hazards and safety disadvantages. For this reason, gas-insulated transformers are considered particularly for hazardous locations. An oilinsulated distribution transformer of 50 kVA, 34.5/0.4 kV, and 50 Hz is investigated and converted to SF6 gas-insulated transformer in this study. The suggested distribution transformer model with SF6 insulated has many benefits, such as being explosion-proof and light, with a compact design. Therefore, the new design provides a safer transformation for security risk environments such as nuclear power plants, mines, and submarines. The prototype is more compact and proposes lighter designs between 25% and 55% as compared to conventional oil-insulated transformers. COMSOL is used for modeling and breakdown optimization studies.
This paper presents the performance evaluation of support vector machine (SVM) with one against a... more This paper presents the performance evaluation of support vector machine (SVM) with one against all (OAA) and different classification methods for power quality monitoring. The first aim of this study is to investigate EEMD (ensemble empirical mode decomposition) performance and to compare it with classical EMD (empirical mode decomposition) for feature vector extraction and selection of power quality disturbances. Feature vectors are extracted from the sampled power signals with the Hilbert Huang Transform (HHT) technique. HHT is a combination of EEMD and Hilbert transform (HT). The outputs of HHT are intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), instantaneous frequency (IF), and instantaneous amplitude (IA). Characteristic features are obtained from first IMFs, IF, and IA. The ten features—i.e., the mean, standard deviation, singular values, maxima and minima—of both IF and IA are then calculated. These features are normalized along with the inputs of SVM and other classifiers.
In this paper a design methodology is introduced for Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Mach... more In this paper a design methodology is introduced for Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines. Axial Flux Machines are very popular in renewable energy systems because of their lightweight and compact designs. Introduced algorithm is Design of Experiment with Taguchi approach. By using orthogonal experimental design and analysis techniques, these methods allow an industrial process to be optimized with only a small number of experiments.
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