Papers by Romina Silvestre
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, Feb 1, 2023
Resumen Los conjuntos artefactuales de los sitios de cazadores-recolectores que habitaron el hume... more Resumen Los conjuntos artefactuales de los sitios de cazadores-recolectores que habitaron el humedal del Paraná inferior durante el Holoceno reciente cuentan con una gran variedad de puntas líticas y óseas, destacándose entre estas últimas las puntas planas pedunculadas, las bipuntas y las puntas ahuecadas. El objetivo último de este trabajo es evaluar la relación que habrían tenido dichas piezas con los diferentes sistemas de armas y estrategias generadas para la captura de las presas. Para ello, en primer lugar se evaluaron las estructuras físicas, métricas, morfológicas y microscópicas de los distintos grupos morfológicos de puntas arqueológicas proponiendo su asociación con determinados sistemas de armas. A partir de ello, desarrollamos un programa experimental con el objetivo de evaluar la performance de cada uno bajo las condiciones esperadas.
Cadernos do LEPAARQ (UFPEL)
El sitio arqueológico Panambí 3 se localiza en el sudeste de la provincia de Misiones (Argentina)... more El sitio arqueológico Panambí 3 se localiza en el sudeste de la provincia de Misiones (Argentina), sobre la margen derecha del río Uruguay. Fue excavado por Carlota Sempé en el año 1982. Su contexto representa un área residencial guaraní, ocupada entre 725 y 816 años calibrados antes del presente. En este trabajo se profundizan algunas de las propiedades de la colección obtenida, entre ellas, la tipología de las vasijas cerámicas, su estilo decorativo, y la composición de los pigmentos utilizados en la decoración. Para los artefactos líticos y óseos, se analizaron los grupos tipológicos presentes, las técnicas de confección y las rocas y soportes óseos seleccionados, incluyendo para estos últimos un análisis de microdesgaste. También se describen los artefactos ornamentales y la composición de la colección arqueofaunística. Las propiedades del contexto de Panambí 3 muestran notables similitudes con otros registros guaraníes de la región, demostrando un significativo conservadurismo ...
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports
The exploitation of raw materials in prehistory: sourcing, processing and distribution, 2017, ISBN 1-5275-0523-5, págs. 260-264, 2017
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2020
Although pottery technology has been extensively studied in Pre-hispanic horticulturalists groups... more Although pottery technology has been extensively studied in Pre-hispanic horticulturalists groups from the Paraná River Basin (known as Guaraní), lithic and bone technology is still poorly understood. Frequently, archaeologists have centered the debate on pottery decoration and form, mainly to discuss migration routes, but also to establish certain aspects of the domestic life of such groups. Guaraní technology is only partially known, as there is scarce information regarding lithic and bone exploitation as raw materials. This paper focuses on lithic and bone use-wear analysis in order to discuss the technological choices of these groups. To this end, we analyzed the assemblages coming from Guaraní archaeological sites of two different areas in the Paraná River Basin: the low Paraná wetland, and the upper Paraná river. Both deposits have radiocarbon dates from the late Holocene (c. 700 BP), before the Spanish conquest of America, which reinforces the hypothesis that Guaraní groups arrived at the Río de la Plata area a few centuries before the Spanish conquerors. Results show that, despite environmental variability, similarities across technological solutions can be discerned. Although lithic technology shows variability in the raw materials employed as well as a diversity in stone tool classes, artifactual use in both areas is mainly associated with the processing of vegetables. For bone technology, similarities are marked by the absence of standardization associated with an expedient use of this raw material in both cases.
Los recursos liticos son una fuente fundamental de materia prima para la produccion de artefactos... more Los recursos liticos son una fuente fundamental de materia prima para la produccion de artefactos utilizados por las poblaciones prehispanicas en el pasado. Si bien existe un conocimiento de las formaciones geologicas mas importantes aflorantes en el Alto Parana, no se ha explorado su integracion a los estudios arqueologicos. Precisamente, en este trabajo analizamos la presencia y distribucion de rocas de fractura concoidal en la provincia de Misiones. Se analizan petrograficamente las unidades identificadas a traves de cortes delgados, y sus caracteristicas geoquimicas asociadas cuando esta informacion se encuentra disponible. Por ultimo, se comparan estos datos, con datos petrograficos obtenidos de muestras provenientes de sitios arqueologicos. Este trabajo constituye la primera aproximacion al estudio de fuentes potenciales de aprovisionamiento litico en esta region. El objetivo final, es conformar una base de datos solida con la cual no solo identificar las materias primas prese...
Abordamos neste artigo os resultados do sitio a ceu aberto Otto Aigner 2, uma ocupacao Itarare-Ta... more Abordamos neste artigo os resultados do sitio a ceu aberto Otto Aigner 2, uma ocupacao Itarare-Taquara situada as margens do rio Uruguai, sem a presenca de estruturas subterrâneas. Os vestigios culturais estavam associados a camada de solo antropogenico, e as datas radiocarbonicas realizadas neste nivel alcancaram as idades de 690 ± 20 e 695 ± 15 anos C14 AP. O conjunto cerâmico apresenta motivos decorados, tipologia das vasilhas e pasta tipicas para esta unidade arqueologica. O conjunto litico esta confeccionado basicamente com arenito silicificado, basalto e calcedonia, e foi empregado o lascamento direto e bipolar para reduzir os nucleos, gerando um conjunto composto principalmente por lascas de fio natural. Os raspadores sao os instrumentos retocados mais significativos na colecao, mas tambem se reconheceram artefatos provavelmente vinculados com o movimento do solo. O contexto geral recuperado sugere a existencia de um ou de varios assentamentos, onde eram realizadas as tarefas...
En momentos historicos la Cuenca del Plata estuvo habitada por una gran cantidad de grupos humano... more En momentos historicos la Cuenca del Plata estuvo habitada por una gran cantidad de grupos humanos, uno de los cuales se identifica como “guaranies”, reconocidos principalmente por su lengua, pero tambien por un paquete de rasgos de notable singularidad. La unidad arqueologica guarani ha sido definida mayormente por el estilo y la tipologia de la ceramica, la cual parece comportarse de manera homogenea en diferentes puntos del tiempo y el espacio. Estos grupos utilizaron ademas materias primas liticas, oseas y malacologicas en forma complementaria, las cuales son practicamente desconocidas en la literatura arqueologica argentina. El objetivo de este trabajo es, por tanto, conocer la variabilidad de las conductas tecnologicas seguidas con las materias primas liticas, oseas y con la alfareria en sitios guaranies de las cuencas alta y baja de los rios Parana y Uruguay, dentro del territorio argentino. Se analizan para ello los conjuntos artefactuales de sitios arqueologicos excavados e...
A producao e o uso dos artefatos liticos empregados pelos grupos de filiacao amazonica, conhecido... more A producao e o uso dos artefatos liticos empregados pelos grupos de filiacao amazonica, conhecidos historicamente como Guaranis, sao pouco conhecidos na Argentina. Nos ultimos anos essa situacao tem comecado a mudar gracas ao renovado interesse na sua arqueologia. De fato, este trabalho forma parte de um programa de investigacao que vem se desenvolvendo nos ultimos anos, ligado ao conhecimento das estrategias tecnologicas empregadas pelas populacoes que ocuparam a extensa area de distribuicao geografica Guarani. Os calibradores sao um tipo de artefato com alta representacao nos sitios arqueologicos Guarani. Neste artigo, nos ocuparemos do material recuperado em dois sitios arqueologicos da bacia do Parana: Arroyo Fredes (Provincia de Buenos Aires) e Corpus (Provincia de Misiones). Trata-se de artefatos grandes, feitos a partir de materias-primas friaveis de graos grossos, na maioria arenitos com diversos graus de silicificacao, porem nao se descarta a presenca de outras materias-pri...
"One feature that defines the archaeological deposits located in the Low Paraná ... more "One feature that defines the archaeological deposits located in the Low Paraná wetland (Pampean Region, Argentina) during the Late Holocene is the abundance of malacological remains. Moreover, in the technological matter, assemblages are characterized by a low number of lithic tools and a great abundance of bone tools. In previous papers we stated that the technology in this region is defined by a strategy of complementation of both materials. The aim of this work is to include malacological remains as an alternative source of raw material, mainly in the use of cutting edges. For that purpose, we developed an experimental program in order to evaluate the technological possibilities of shells as tools used in bone processing. Particularly, we analyze the cut-marks made by shell and lithic edges. Our results show that it is possible to differentiate cut-marks made by both materials. However, to distinguish shell cut-marks in the archaeological record poses some problems, basically regarding bone tools and multiple taphonomical factors."
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2021
Abstract Atlatl is a projectile technology used worldwide, from prehistoric to current times. Dur... more Abstract Atlatl is a projectile technology used worldwide, from prehistoric to current times. During the Holocene, in the Southern Cone of South America, atlatl devices are recorded in different regions, such as the low Parana and Uruguay wetlands. Here a peculiar form of atlatl hook was recovered from several hunter-gatherer archaeological sites used from at least 2000 14C years BP until historical times. In this paper, we analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of archaeological atlatl hooks in this region, as well as their operative sequence evaluating the manufacture process, their use options and possible discard events. For this purpose, the physical, metric, and morphological structure of the assemblage was analysed, concluding that these devices were shared by different groups that inhabited the region. Based on the results, we discuss the coexistence and complementary use of atlatl along with other weapon systems, such as the bow and arrow, spears, harpoons, bolas, and slings. Taking advantage of each property, these were effective hunting systems employed by hunter-gatherer groups, which experienced an increase in their social complexity during late Holocene times, due to an intensification process in the exploitation of the environment.
Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2020
Revista do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia, 2014
A arqueologia da província de Misiones – Argentina é pouco conhecida. Os trabalhos arqueológicos ... more A arqueologia da província de Misiones – Argentina é pouco conhecida. Os trabalhos arqueológicos se desenvolveram há mais de 60 anos, e os mais recentes se limitam a descrições das coleções obtidas a partir da arqueologia de contrato. Esta situação esta começando a mudar a partir do desenvolvimento do projeto Binacional ABAMS (Arqueologia do Bosque Atlântico Meridional Sul-americano) entre Argentina e Brasil, que procura compreender o povoamento dessas áreas além das fronteiras nacionais desde uma perspectiva regional. Portanto, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma análise preliminar do material lítico recuperado no sítio Corpus, caracterizado como produzido por grupos Guarani. O objetivo último é estabelecer tendências gerais para compreender as estratégias tecnológicas dos grupos que produziram esses conjuntos, assim como contribuir com informação novel numa área pouco conhecida até hoje.
Comechingonia, Jun 1, 2013
Cuadernos Del Instituto Nacional De Antropologia Y Pensamiento Latinoamericano Series Especiales, Feb 18, 2014
El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar las estrategias tecnologicas implementadas por l... more El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo explorar las estrategias tecnologicas implementadas por los grupos horticultores guaranies que ocuparon el sitio Ao Fredes (690 ± 70 anos C14 AP δ13C –16,72 ‰) (556-820 anos cal. AP UGA 10789) ubicado en el sector mas meridional en la distribucion de poblaciones de filiacion amazonica. Para ello, examinamos diferentes aspectos vinculados con la produccion y uso de los artefactos liticos: analizamos los grupos tecno-morfologicos representados, diferentes indices vinculados con la explotacion de materias primas, y comparamos los resultados con los datos disponibles sobre tecnologia litica para sitios cazadores-recolectores de la region, con la finalidad de discernir similitudes y diferencias en los circuitos de abastecimiento litico. La finalidad ultima, es contribuir con informacion novedosa en el estudio de la arqueologia de estas poblaciones, uno de los grupos mas relegados en la arqueologia Argentina, asi como generar expectativas concretas para futuras investigaciones.
Archaeological Discovery, 2015
The projectile points known as Fishtail or Fell represent a specific design associated with the e... more The projectile points known as Fishtail or Fell represent a specific design associated with the earliest hunter-gatherers of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in South America. Brazil was traditionally considered as a marginal area of their distribution because in the past there were only a small number of findings known, often inadequately documented. In this paper we present a general and unified overview of the Brazilian record, including previously unpublished metric, technological and stylistic features. Also, we report on new findings of fishtail points in order to expand the amount of information currently available. Some issues related to these records are also evaluated by comparing them with data from the Uruguayan plains and the Argentinean pampas. The general picture that emerges after this analysis shows a growing record of fishtail projectile points in southern Brazil, demonstrating a significant presence of these early paleo-South American populations.
Fil: Sacur Silvestre, Barbara Romina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Humanidades y... more Fil: Sacur Silvestre, Barbara Romina. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Secretaria de Investigacion y Postgrado; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas; Argentina
Journal of Archaeological Science, 2021
Atlatl is a projectile technology used worldwide, from prehistoric to current times. During the H... more Atlatl is a projectile technology used worldwide, from prehistoric to current times. During the Holocene, in the Southern Cone of South America, atlatl devices are recorded in different regions, such as the low Paraná and Uruguay wetlands. Here a peculiar form of atlatl hook was recovered from several hunter-gatherer archaeological sites used from at least 2000 14 C years BP until historical times. In this paper, we analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of archaeological atlatl hooks in this region, as well as their operative sequence evaluating the manufacture process, their use options and possible discard events. For this purpose, the physical, metric, and morphological structure of the assemblage was analysed, concluding that these devices were shared by different groups that inhabited the region. Based on the results, we discuss the coexistence and complementary use of atlatl along with other weapon systems, such as the bow and arrow, spears, harpoons, bolas, and slings. Taking advantage of each property, these were effective hunting systems employed by hunter-gatherer groups, which experienced an increase in their social complexity during late Holocene times, due to an intensification process in the exploitation of the environment.
Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 2021
Atlatl is a projectile technology used worldwide, from prehistoric to current times. During the H... more Atlatl is a projectile technology used worldwide, from prehistoric to current times. During the Holocene, in the Southern Cone of South America, atlatl devices are recorded in different regions, such as the low Paraná and Uruguay wetlands. Here a peculiar form of atlatl hook was recovered from several hunter-gatherer archaeological sites used from at least 2000 14C years BP until historical times. In this paper, we analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of archaeological atlatl hooks in this region, as well as their operative sequence evaluating the manufacture process, their use options and possible discard events. For this purpose, the physical, metric, and morphological structure of the assemblage was analysed, concluding that these devices were shared by different groups that inhabited the region.
Based on the results, we discuss the coexistence and complementary use of atlatl along with other weapon systems, such as the bow and arrow, spears, harpoons, bolas, and slings. Taking advantage of each property, these were effective hunting systems employed by hunter-gatherer groups, which experienced an increase in their social complexity during late Holocene times, due to an intensification process in the exploitation of the environment.
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Papers by Romina Silvestre
Based on the results, we discuss the coexistence and complementary use of atlatl along with other weapon systems, such as the bow and arrow, spears, harpoons, bolas, and slings. Taking advantage of each property, these were effective hunting systems employed by hunter-gatherer groups, which experienced an increase in their social complexity during late Holocene times, due to an intensification process in the exploitation of the environment.
Based on the results, we discuss the coexistence and complementary use of atlatl along with other weapon systems, such as the bow and arrow, spears, harpoons, bolas, and slings. Taking advantage of each property, these were effective hunting systems employed by hunter-gatherer groups, which experienced an increase in their social complexity during late Holocene times, due to an intensification process in the exploitation of the environment.