Papers by Ashwani Aggarwal
ILO toolkit for quality apprenticeships: volume 2: guide for practitioners for developing, implementing, monitoring and evaluating apprenticeship programmes, 2020
The ILO Toolkit for Quality Apprenticeships is a resource to improve the design and implementatio... more The ILO Toolkit for Quality Apprenticeships is a resource to improve the design and implementation of apprenticeship systems and programmes. This second volume focuses on the practicalities of developing Quality Apprenticeship programmes, and is intended to enable practitioners – human resource managers, trade union representatives, teachers and trainers from technical and vocational education and training (TVET) institutions and employees of local/sectoral coordination support services – to design, implement and monitor these programmes.
Due to a lack of appropriate qualifications, a large proportion of people face severe disadvantag... more Due to a lack of appropriate qualifications, a large proportion of people face severe disadvantage in getting decent jobs, migrating to other regions and accessing further education, even though they might have the necessary knowledge and skills. The recognition of prior learning (RPL) process can help such persons acquire a formal qualification that matches their knowledge and skills, and thus contribute to improving employability, mobility, lifelong learning, social inclusion and self-esteem. In view of the importance of RPL, most countries have initiated steps in establishing an RPL system, but many are facing challenges to successful implementation. Therefore, policy makers from many countries are seeking support of the International Labour Office (ILO) in developing and implementing effective RPL systems.
Education in the Asia-Pacific Region: Issues, Concerns and Prospects, 2021
Apprenticeship has proven its effectiveness in equipping young persons with the skills needed by ... more Apprenticeship has proven its effectiveness in equipping young persons with the skills needed by the labor market. However, in the context of learning societies, questions are being raised about the effectiveness of the apprenticeship model for reskilling and upskilling of adults and older workers. This chapter explores promising practices that have the potential to give apprenticeships a new direction and make them attractive and effective for adults and older workers, as well as for millennials and digital natives. These include using intermediaries to increase the participation of employers, in particular small and medium-sized enterprises; improving the management of apprenticeship training with the help of digital technology; bridging the skills gap in digital economy; introducing higher-level or degree-level apprenticeships; making apprenticeship programs accessible and effective for adults and older workers; and providing quality learning opportunities in the informal sector.
Many thanks to the Directors of the ILO country offices in Lusaka for supporting the study. Furth... more Many thanks to the Directors of the ILO country offices in Lusaka for supporting the study. Furthermore, the many comments and feedback received from colleagues in DWT Pretoria are much appreciated. Special thanks to the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Labour, TEVETA, the Employers' Consultative Association of Malawi (ECAM) and the Malawi Confederation of Trade Unions (MCTU) and other stakeholders for their support in conducting the study. Finally, our thanks to Jo-Ann Bakker for editing and preparing this manuscript.
ILO Toolkit for Quality Apprenticeships - Vol. 1: Guide for Policy Makers, 2017
The ILO Toolkit for Quality Apprenticeships is a resource to improve the design and implementatio... more The ILO Toolkit for Quality Apprenticeships is a resource to improve the design and implementation of apprenticeship systems and programmes. This first volume, the Guide for Policy Makers, presents the defining features of the ILO approach to Quality Apprenticeship systems and aims to support policy-makers in their design and further development of these systems.
ILO Toolkit for Quality Apprenticeships - Volume 2: Guide for Practitioners, 2020
The ILO Toolkit for Quality Apprenticeships is a resource to improve the design and implementatio... more The ILO Toolkit for Quality Apprenticeships is a resource to improve the design and implementation of apprenticeship systems and programmes.
This second volume focuses on the practicalities of developing Quality Apprenticeship programmes, and is intended to enable practitioners – human resource managers, trade union representatives, teachers and trainers from technical and vocational education and training (TVET) institutions and employees of local/sectoral coordination support services – to design, implement and monitor these programmes.
Due to lack of appropriate qualifications, a large proportion of people face severe disadvantage ... more Due to lack of appropriate qualifications, a large proportion of people face severe disadvantage in getting decent jobs, migrating to other regions and accessing further education, even though they might have the necessary knowledge and skills. The Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) can help such persons acquire a formal qualification that matches their knowledge and skills, and thus contribute to improving employability, mobility, lifelong learning, social inclusion and self-esteem. Therefore, many countries have initiated steps in establishing an RPL system, but are facing challenges to successful implementation. It is against this background that this paper has been produced, taking into account experiences of many countries around the world, with the aim of building the capacity of policy makers and social partners to establish an effective, successful RPL system. The paper suggests 12 key success factors or the building blocks of an effective RPL system.
The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practi... more The designations employed in ILO publications, which are in conformity with United Nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the International Labour Office concerning the legal status of any country, area or territory or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers.
Formal training system, in most of countries in Southern and Eastern Africa, is only the tip of a... more Formal training system, in most of countries in Southern and Eastern Africa, is only the tip of an ice-berg, as most of young women and men acquire skills through informal apprentices, which is cost effective, easily accessible, have low entry barriers and results in better outcomes in terms of employment. However, informal apprenticeships have several shortcomings as well, which can lead to exploitation of young women and men. Considering the importance of informal apprenticeships for promoting youth employment, the ILO initiated a programme for upgrading informal apprenticeships. In Southern and Eastern Africa, studies were undertaken in Tanzania, Malawi, Zimbabwe and Zambia and a pilot project was implemented in Tanzania. Lessons learnt from these studies and the pilot project led to refining strategies for informal apprenticeships, which were implemented in Zimbabwe on a larger scale. The programme is highly successful and the governments of Zimbabwe and Tanzania are mainstreaming this approach as a national programme for skills development and youth employment. This paper presents findings of the studies and lessons learnt from the initiatives to upgrade informal apprenticeships.
Paper and book reviews by Ashwani Aggarwal
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Papers by Ashwani Aggarwal
This second volume focuses on the practicalities of developing Quality Apprenticeship programmes, and is intended to enable practitioners – human resource managers, trade union representatives, teachers and trainers from technical and vocational education and training (TVET) institutions and employees of local/sectoral coordination support services – to design, implement and monitor these programmes.
Paper and book reviews by Ashwani Aggarwal
This second volume focuses on the practicalities of developing Quality Apprenticeship programmes, and is intended to enable practitioners – human resource managers, trade union representatives, teachers and trainers from technical and vocational education and training (TVET) institutions and employees of local/sectoral coordination support services – to design, implement and monitor these programmes.
The resolution provides a portfolio of tried and tested measures in five areas: macro-economic policies, employability, labour market policies, youth entrepreneurship and rights. It underscores the need for balance, coherence and complementarity across the policy measures.