Nupe language
Nupe ( ma ché mù ma ka kì ama ñõ chì Anufe, Nupenci, Nyinfe, kpaì Tapa[1]) ì chá Volta–Niger language efu yé í Nupoid kì chì ómétọ ìchì kù magbejù ákaa gbì amì Nupe people efu yé of the North Central region of Nigeria. Ì chì geographical distribution stretches kpaì maintains preeminence efu Niger State manyú Kwara, Kogi, Nasarawa manyú éfu Federal Capital Territory.[2] Nupe chì èfù kì mẹrù Kakanda efu ùjo odoo kpaì ómùkóla. There are at least amì kì deì chì óla mẹjì ón chì átẹ-un ,óǹ chì yé ì Nupe: Nupe central kpaì Nupe Tako.
Demographics
[nwọ́che | nwó étéwn che]Nupe chì ìchì kú má kaa kpì amì Nupe people,[3] kì ma gbejùdodo efu Niger State efu ojìane Naijẹria,(kú má kú má dù ójìanẹ kì dabì Éwn malábó:Gaps square kilometers in the Niger Basin, mostly north of the river between the Kontagora and Guara confluents from Kainji to below Baro, and also Kwara State, Kogi State and the Federal Capital Territory.
Nupe is spoken mainly in Bida, Niger State and surrounding areas. It is also spoken in villages on the Benue River near Ibi and east of Lafia. Nupe has assimilated earlier ethnolinguistic groups such as the Benu of Kutigi, who originally were Kanuri-speaking, and the Gbagyi at Lemu.[1]
Nupe-Tako ("The Nupe Below", also called "Bassa Nge") is spoken by the Bassa Nge, who also speak the Bassa Nge or Bassa Nupe dialect of Basa-Benue and is lexically most closely related to central Nupe.[1]
Classification
[nwọ́che | nwó étéwn che]The Nupe language belongs to the Nupoid branch of the Benue-Congo group of languages. Other languages in the group are Igbira (Ebira), Gade, and Kakanda. Nupe is related most closely to Kakanda in structure and vocabulary. There are at least two markedly different dialects: Nupe central and Nupe Tako.[4]
Phonology
[nwọ́che | nwó étéwn che]| Front | Back | |
|---|---|---|
| Close | Éwn malábó:IPA link Éwn malábó:IPA link | Éwn malábó:IPA link Éwn malábó:IPA link |
| Mid | Éwn malábó:IPA link | Éwn malábó:IPA link |
| Open | Éwn malábó:IPA link Éwn malábó:IPA link | |
| High tone | (´) acute |
|---|---|
| Low tone | (`) grave |
| Mid tone | unmarked |
| Falling tone | (ˆ) circumflex or (ˇ) caron |
| Rising tone | (ˇ) caron or (ˆ) circumflex |
Proverbs
[nwọ́che | nwó étéwn che]Common sayings come in the forms of egankogi (parable), gangba (warning), egancin (idiom), ecingi (riddle/tales) and eganmagan (proverb).[5]Éwn malábó:Clarify
Eganmagan (proverb, plural eganmaganzhi) are wise sayings spoken among the Nupes. They are didactic proverbs which educate, entertain, and teach morality. They form part of the oral culture on norms and ethics of Nupe societies, and are passed from one generation to another through songs, stories, fables, folk tales, myths, legends, incantations, communal discussions, and worship.[citation needed]
Similar to other African proverbs, Nupe proverbs associate or relate people's action to their immediate environment in order to explain or correct particular situations, norms, issues, or problems. They also enlighten, warn and advise, or teach language in order to change perception which is believed to become reality.[citation needed]
References
[nwọ́che | nwó étéwn che]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Blench, Roger. 2013. The Nupoid languages of west-central Nigeria: overview and comparative word list.
- ↑ omotolani (2021-08-17). "Discovering the Nupe people". Pulse Nigeria (in English). Retrieved 2022-06-01.
- ↑ Abdullahi, Ndagi (2018). Nupe - The Origin (5th ed.). Bida: KinNupe Publishers. p. 1. ISBN 978-978-36187-0-1.
- ↑ "Nupe | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
- ↑ Ibrahim, Isyaku Bala (2009) Eganmaganzhi Nupe (Nupe Proverbs), over a thousand (1000) proverbs). Minna: Gandzo Enterprises.
External links
[nwọ́che | nwó étéwn che]- PanAfriL10n page on Nupe
- Takada nya Aduwa nya Eza Kama kendona zizi nya Anglican Church yi na Portions of the Book of Common Prayer in Nupe (1955) digitized by Richard Mammana
Éwn malábó:Languages of Nigeria Éwn malábó:Volta-Niger languages