Seminario Iberoamericano de Arquitectura y Construcción con Tierra, 19: Conservación sostenible del paisaje, tierra y agua, 2019
El bajareque es una técnica constructiva con tierra muy usada por todo tipo de sociedades, para e... more El bajareque es una técnica constructiva con tierra muy usada por todo tipo de sociedades, para elaborar paredes, muros, techos, cubiertas y otros tipos de elementos estructurales, en distintas áreas climáticas y períodos cronológicos. A pesar de esta ubicuidad, los casos arqueológicos han sido poco investigados. En el presente trabajo, se quiere hacer una comparación concreta entre el uso de esta técnica para techos en dos contextos distintos, en los sitios arqueológicos de La Joya (Veracruz, México, 400 d.C.) y Sant Jaume (Tarragona, España, 650-550 a.C.). Se pretende identificar las diferencias en los embarros, así como los tipos de armazones vegetales a partir de sus improntas. En toda esta investigación se tiene en cuenta el distinto conocimiento tecnológico de las dos sociedades que los elaboraron. Este trabajo se basa en un primer análisis morfotipológico de fragmentos encontrados en los dos contextos específicos, seguido de un análisis micromorfológico de unas muestras escogidas. Este análisis consiste en su estudio, a escala microscópica, pudiendo diferenciar en los materiales, fenómenos y procesos antrópicos de los procesos propiamente naturales, edáficos. Para ello, las muestras se impregnaron y se elaboraron las láminas delgadas pertinentes para poder estudiarlas y describirlas usando el microscopio petrográfico. Con esta investigación se pretende observar las diferencias entre las composiciones de los materiales usados e interpretado su puesta en obra. Por un lado, se ha podido concretar la procedencia de las materias primas (para Sant Jaume un material carbonatado principalmente dolomítico, para La Joya un material volcánico con unas características determinadas) y que se mezclaron con una gran cantidad de componentes vegetales. Por otro lado, se ha observado la técnica de construcción de estos techos de bajareque, aplicando la mezcla sobre un armazón vegetal. Por último, se ha podido constatar la destrucción de los edificios por un incendio gracias al estudio de estos fragmentos.
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Thesis by Marta Mateu
Papers by Marta Mateu
Within the project “Transdisciplinary and experimental study of firing structures in the western Mediterranean during Protohistory (1st millennium BC)”, the TRANSCOMB project is an experimental research programme conducted at the Ciutadella Ibèrica (Iberian Citadell) of Calafell Archaeological Site (Tarragona, Spain) (See Figure 1 and Figure 2). The main objective of the research is to deepen our knowledge of how Iron Age combustion structures worked and were used by protohistoric communities living in the western Mediterranean. Six hearths and one oven, made with mud and other materials, such as crushed pottery and pebbles, were built inside buildings and outdoors. Later, they were put to use employing diverse types of fuels, while measuring time and temperatures reached under different conditions. Diverse analyses are being applied to samples taken from the experimental combustion structures.
https://recercat.cat//handle/2072/522502
All elements analyzed are made of mixes in plastic state, as there is no evidence of rammed earth or poured earth techniques in Mesoamerica. Therefore, the features related to the amount of water added are similar, with differences appearing in the selection and combination of raw materials, and the manufacturing processes of kneading, adding mineral and organic aggregates, and applying. The use of materials of volcanic origin gives a particular appearance to all samples. The features defined in previous research were useful for the sample analysis, showing that manufacturing process was very similar and that the method can be applied in Mesoamerica, to assist in the correct technological identification of construction systems.
Within the project “Transdisciplinary and experimental study of firing structures in the western Mediterranean during Protohistory (1st millennium BC)”, the TRANSCOMB project is an experimental research programme conducted at the Ciutadella Ibèrica (Iberian Citadell) of Calafell Archaeological Site (Tarragona, Spain) (See Figure 1 and Figure 2). The main objective of the research is to deepen our knowledge of how Iron Age combustion structures worked and were used by protohistoric communities living in the western Mediterranean. Six hearths and one oven, made with mud and other materials, such as crushed pottery and pebbles, were built inside buildings and outdoors. Later, they were put to use employing diverse types of fuels, while measuring time and temperatures reached under different conditions. Diverse analyses are being applied to samples taken from the experimental combustion structures.
https://recercat.cat//handle/2072/522502
All elements analyzed are made of mixes in plastic state, as there is no evidence of rammed earth or poured earth techniques in Mesoamerica. Therefore, the features related to the amount of water added are similar, with differences appearing in the selection and combination of raw materials, and the manufacturing processes of kneading, adding mineral and organic aggregates, and applying. The use of materials of volcanic origin gives a particular appearance to all samples. The features defined in previous research were useful for the sample analysis, showing that manufacturing process was very similar and that the method can be applied in Mesoamerica, to assist in the correct technological identification of construction systems.
The Annual Meeting (conference) online registration is now open: https://www.e-a-a.org//EAA2023/Registration.aspx
Call for papers is open until 9 February 2023.
Please note that you need to be a current EAA Member before you register for the Annual Meeting.
Useful link of general info (venue, deadlines, registration policy and guidelines): https://tinyurl.com/3jk2mw47
The Annual Meeting (conference) online registration is now open: https://www.e-a-a.org//EAA2023/Registration.aspx
Call for papers is open until 9 February 2023.
Please note that you need to be a current EAA Member before you register for the Annual Meeting.
Useful link of general info (venue, deadlines, registration policy and guidelines): https://tinyurl.com/3jk2mw47
--#202 "Using Earthen Architecture as an Excuse: Productive and Social Practices in Prehistoric and Protohistoric Building" and
--#303 "Unsolved Case Studies of Earthen Architectural Remains: A Workshop to Share Experiences"
The Annual Meeting (conference) on line registration is now open:
<https://www.e-a-a.org//EAA2023/Registration.aspx>
Please note that you need to be a current EAA Member before you
register for the Annual Meeting.
Call for papers is now open until 9 February 2023.
Useful link of general info (venue, deadlines, registration policy and
guidelines): <https://tinyurl.com/3jk2mw47>.
The mud remains preserved in museums or described in reports or publications are often true unsolved cases as they are insufficiently described. When confronted with these artefacts, some questions arise, such as whether these remains were part of the rooftops, other building sections, or some kind of furniture, who made them, and so on. With these concerns in mind, we are searching for case studies that address enigmatic fragments, undetermined earthen elements, to try to propose a function. Additionally, attending the different life stages of the buildings, we would like to discuss examples of repairing, rebuilding and abandonment processes.
How will we work at this special session? It aims to be a practical workshop where participants share archaeological materials and discuss them together. At this point, we refer to the identification of earthen materials (from a macroscopic view to a microscopic approach, including XRD, XRF, FTIR, petrology, etc.), paying attention to imprints, decoration and composition to understand the different construction techniques (wattle and daub, cob, mud brick, plasters, etc.), as well as earthen furniture (ovens, grills, benches, shelves, buckets, ornaments, etc.). We welcome papers from any era, as long as the material presented is raw earth. We aspire to collectively solve our cases, strengthening individual research and shedding light on this fundamental part of humanity's material past.