Monika Sharma

Himachal Pradeh University, Shimla (H.P.), Education, Post-Doc

Independent Researcher, Education, Post-Doc

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Dr. Monika Sharma is presently an Independent Researcher. She was Associate Professor & Head of the Department of Education at Indian Institute of Education, Shimla. She has a teaching experience of nearly 15 years & has guided Ph.D. & M.Ed. research scholars.
Besides teaching Dr. Sharma has a massive impulse for research & writing. She has published more than 28 research papers. Her research contribution is evident from her published research work in various journals of national and international repute. She is also an editor of IJRESS in EUROASIA Publications and Academia.edu the Digital Platform for sharing research. She has organized various seminars at regional & national level. Her fields of interests include the social & educational research, research methodology & statistics, SPSS, education psychology, sensitizing educationists towards current issues and upliftment of women in India.
Address: Himachal Pradesh, India

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Prediction and identification of T cell epitopes of COVID-19 with balanced cytokine response for the development of peptide based vaccines

In Silico Pharmacology, 2021

Recent outbreak of 2019 novel Corona virus poses serious challenge for the global health system. ... more Recent outbreak of 2019 novel Corona virus poses serious challenge for the global health system. In lieu of paucity of experimental data, tools and the very basic understanding of host immune responses against SARS-CoV-2, well thought effective measures are needed to control COVID-19 pandemic. We have identified specific overlapping antigenic peptide epitopes (OAPE) within the 4 structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 predictive of triggering robust CD4 and CD8 T cell responses in host using bio-informatics tools (NetMHC4.0, IEDB, and Vaxijen2.0). We speculate an early release of pro-inflammatory cytokines for protection and later release of anti-inflammatory cytokines for prevention of immunopathology in designing a vaccine for Covid-19. Therefore, the selected immunogenic OAPE were subjected to in silico tools (IL-6-Pred, IFNepitope and PIP-EL) for analyzing their pro-inflammatory response. The OAPEs found to be pro-inflammatory in nature were further subjected to prediction servers (IL-4-Pred, IL-10-Pred, Pre-AIP) to characterize them as inducers of anti-inflammatory response as well. We finally filtered out 12 OAPE which had affinity for both CD4 and CD8 T cells as well as were inducers of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. On confirmation of OAPE binding affinity for respective T cell specific MHC allele using docking studies (pepATT RAC T, Hex8.0 and Discovery studio) they were found to be have more immunogenic potential than the 3 negative control peptides (NCPs) included in the study. Additionally, we constructed CTxB-adjuvanated multi-epitopic vaccine inclusive of the 12 OAPEs which was non-toxic, non-allergenic and capable of inducing both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. A successful in silico cloning and docking of modeled subunit vaccine construct with toll like receptor-2 (TLR-2) confirmed the high efficacy of our multi-epitopic vaccine which can through a balanced interplay of cytokines help in creating a steady-state immune equilibrium. In silico immune simulation studies with the vaccine using C-ImmSim server also showed higher percentage of T cells along with production of pro-inflammatory as well as some anti-inflammatory cytokines. Experimental validation of this prediction based study on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) of un-infected individuals, patients and recovered individuals will facilitate production of high priority effective SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate. Keywords SARS-CoV-2 • COVID-19 • Anti-inflammatory T cell epitopes • Peptide-based vaccine candidates • In silico cloning Abbreviations COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 OAPE Overlapping antigenic peptide epitope NCP Negative control peptide IL Interleukin

Monika Sharma

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