In the Pleistocene epoch, animals were common food resources for humans. The archaeological findi... more In the Pleistocene epoch, animals were common food resources for humans. The archaeological findings of animal exploitation largely are related to herbivores and carnivores but remains of any other living creature of the Earth's biome can be part of the faunal assemblages. Archaeozoological studies indicated that animal species of different kinds were hunted or scavenged for dietary purposes, to obtain raw materials for clothing, ornamentation, musical instruments, housing, tools of domestic activity, and to construct hunting weaponry. Therefore, animals were the most important resources for a thriving human existence in the Pleistocene. Prey animals were of different species, each of which had a specific behaviour that may have demanded a particular knowledge and technique of hunting and exploiting methods. As animal bones are often part of the Pleistocene archaeological site, there must be various evidence of animal exploitation embedded together with artifacts and fossil remnants of human behaviour. The exploitation of animals by Pleistocene humans thus shapes and fundamentally contributes to the formation of the Pleistocene archaeological record.
Az Istállós-kői-barlang a Szeleta mellett a legismertebb és a leglátogatottabb őskőkori régészeti... more Az Istállós-kői-barlang a Szeleta mellett a legismertebb és a leglátogatottabb őskőkori régészeti lelőhely Magyarországon (1. kép). Ez annak a ténynek köszönhető, hogy a Szilvásváradhoz tartozó Szalajka-völgyben nyílik, amely a Bükk hegység legvonzóbb turisztikai célpontja. Bár szabadon látogatható, fokozott védelem alatt áll (Székely 2002). Ősrégészeti szempontból nemzetközileg is számontartott lelőhely, mivel az Európába 40 ezer évvel ezelőtt érkező anatómiailag modern ember (Homo sapiens) egyik legidősebb megtelepedése található itt. A lelőhely régészeti jelentősége megkívánja, hogy a legújabb kutatási módszerekkel újravizsgáljuk az emberi megtelepedéseket, ami lehetőséget ad számos aktuális kérdés tisztázására.
Zöld Cave is a recently discovered Late Epigravettian site in Hungary. It yielded a small archaeo... more Zöld Cave is a recently discovered Late Epigravettian site in Hungary. It yielded a small archaeological collection dated to 17.0-14.9 ka cal BP. The findings consists of faunal remains of horse and reindeer bearing extensive marks of human activity, and lithic artifacts of hunting armature types, including curved backed points, backed truncated bladelets, and backed bladelet, typical for a Late Epigravettian tool inventory. The archeozoological results indicate the cave was used as a hunting-butchering site. The Late Epigravettian archaeological record of eastern Central Europe suggests that this human population of hunter-gatherers practiced a residentially mobile subsistence strategy. Our results indicate that the Late Epigravettian population of eastern Central Europe did not disappear without descendants but likely contributed to the formation of the Federmesser culture.
With the end of MIS3, the unity of larger Gravettian settlements based predominantly on mammoth e... more With the end of MIS3, the unity of larger Gravettian settlements based predominantly on mammoth exploitation split into a mosaic of smaller Epigravettian sites with specific behaviors and economies. Based on C14 chronology, the site of Stránská skála IV (together with Grubgraben, Ságvár and Kašov), correlates with a brief warm period after the Last Glacial Maximum around 22 ka calBP. We detected two main accumulations of predominantly horse bones under a rock cliff suggesting that the site was not a regular settlement but rather a specialised hunting site. No features or hearths were recovered. Lithic raw materials were imported from long distances, and the horse hunting strategy profitted from the specific geographic qualitites of the site. Preferential location of Epigravettian sites in secluded valleys is a pattern generally recognized in Moravia and usually explained as a response to the harsh MIS2 climates.
TheNatufiancultureisthefirstculturalentityinthesouthernLevant to have large graveyardsand a wide ... more TheNatufiancultureisthefirstculturalentityinthesouthernLevant to have large graveyardsand a wide array of symbolicexpressions. Hundreds of Natufian burials have been discovered and studied; at some Natufian sites the presence of stone slabs within the graves has been recorded. One interesting yet rare phenomenon documented is the slabs bearing clear incised patterns, suggesting the Natufians were using these flat stone blocks as ’canvases’. Here we report and discuss an incised anthropomorphic figure that has been discovered in the Natufian graveyard at Raqefet Cave, Mt. Carmel, Israel. The human figure, most likely shown as dancing, adds anotherdimension to the rich assemblage of Natufian burial practices and symbolism as recorded at the site of Raqefet Cave as well as at other Natufian sites.
Journal of Field Archaeology 2020, https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/DUPVGHEST6TQSX5USKBB/full?target=10.1080/00934690.2020.1733334, 2020
Trenčianske Bohuslavice Gravettian site has been known since the early 1980s, with possibly the l... more Trenčianske Bohuslavice Gravettian site has been known since the early 1980s, with possibly the longest sequence of Upper Palaeolithic human occupation in the region, including a peculiar assemblage of lithic tools composed of bifacial leaf points. This paper presents the results of the 2017 excavation season that produced new data on the absolute chronology, stratigraphy, paleobotany, archaeology, and archaeozoology of the site. We found that the earliest occupation most probably belongs to the Aurignacian. This is followed by two Late Gravettian layers and the layer that yielded the bifacial leaf points. An Early Epigravettian layer dated to 26 kya seals the sequence. The succession of biological remains and geological evidence enabled the reconstruction of a cooling climate and disappearing boreal forest, which corresponded well with the development of the Last Glacial Maximum.
The northern Carpathian Basin has important geological, paleoenvironmental, and archeological rec... more The northern Carpathian Basin has important geological, paleoenvironmental, and archeological records that are key to our understanding of the first modern human occupation of Europe. However, the nature and timing of hominin settlements in the region during the Late Pleistocene remain poorly understood. New fieldwork at Seňa I, Slovakia, has identified the only known stratified open-air Aurignacian site in the region and assigned the assemblage to at least 33.5 ± 2.4 ka ago through infrared-stimulated luminescence dating. Additionally, new archeological and geoscientific data are presented. This paper discusses the Seňa I findings in the context of the regional archeological record and shows how they contribute to the establishment of clear time constraints for the Aurignacian in eastern central Europe.
The Middle Upper Palaeolithic (MUP) in eastern Central Europe (ECE) comprises three variants of G... more The Middle Upper Palaeolithic (MUP) in eastern Central Europe (ECE) comprises three variants of Gravettian culture: Early Gravettian, Pavlovian, and Late Gravettian. While Early Gravettian and Pavlovian are merely located in Lower Austria and Moravia, the Late Gravettian occupations occurred over the entire territory of ECE. Compared to the number of sites the radiocarbon dating and the absolute chronology of the Late Gravettian is rather poor. The results presented here bring a new set of radiocarbon (14 C) dates for the Late Gravettian period in ECE and propose that this period began and ended earlier than previously suggested.
This paper compares lithic and faunal assemblages from Milovice (Czech Republic) and Krak ow Spad... more This paper compares lithic and faunal assemblages from Milovice (Czech Republic) and Krak ow Spadzista (Poland) archaeological sites, with the aim of reconstructing temporal variations and patterning in Gravettian hunting of Mammuthus primigenius (woolly mammoth) in Central Europe. Milovice I was occupied ~1 ky earlier than Krak ow Spadzista, and is contemporaneous with Willendorf-Kostienkan sites. It is dated between 30.1 and 29.2 ka cal BP, overlapping the end of the GS 5.1 stadial in the Greenland ice core paleoclimatic record; the site was formed during cold climatic conditions. Radio-carbon dates from Krak ow Spadzista indicate the site was occupied between 28.6 and 27 ka cal BP, spanning periods of significant climate instability through the GI 4 interstadial, GS 4 stadial, and the short interstadial GI 3. The two sites have fundamental differences in armature tool kits, such as raw materials and tool sizes. The hunter-gatherers at both sites had a mammoth-hunting focus, although they used different sized lithic weapon tips for hunting and thus probably had different strategies for procuring prey. The mammoth mortality profiles are significantly different at the two sites. At Milovice I, mid-life adults dominate the profile, while juveniles greatly dominate at Krak ow Spadzista. We suggest that climatically mediated differences in mammoth migratory behavior, feeding behavior, population sizes, and demography influenced Gravettian people to manufacture and use different sizes of projectile points and to significantly increase the number of tool types during the most climatically unstable periods ; these changes reflected tactical changes in Late Gravettian subsistence hunting in East-Central Europe.
This paper compares lithic and faunal assemblages from Milovice (Czech Republic) and Kraków Spadzista (Poland) archaeological sites, with the aim of reconstructing temporal variations and patterning in Gravettian hunting of Mammuthus primigenius (woolly mammoth) in Central Europe. Milovice I was occupied ∼1 ky earlier than Kraków Spadzista, and is contemporaneous with Willendorf-Kostienkan sites. It is dated between 30.1 and 29.2 ka cal BP, overlapping the end of the GS 5.1 stadial in the Greenland ice core paleoclimatic record; the site was formed during cold climatic conditions. Radiocarbon dates from Kraków Spadzista indicate the site was occupied between 28.6 and 27 ka cal BP, spanning periods of significant climate instability through the GI 4 interstadial, GS 4 stadial, and the short interstadial GI 3. The two sites have fundamental differences in armature tool kits, such as raw materials and tool sizes. The hunter-gatherers at both sites had a mammoth-hunting focus, although they used different sized lithic weapon tips for hunting and thus probably had different strategies for procuring prey. The mammoth mortality profiles are significantly different at the two sites. At Milovice I, mid-life adults dominate the profile, while juveniles greatly dominate at Kraków Spadzista. We suggest that climatically mediated differences in mammoth migratory behavior, feeding behavior, population sizes, and demography influenced Gravettian people to manufacture and use different sizes of projectile points and to significantly increase the number of tool types during the most climatically unstable periods; these changes reflected tactical changes in Late Gravettian subsistence hunting in East-Central Europe.
We address several questions raised by David Eitam regarding our paper on Natufian beer brewing a... more We address several questions raised by David Eitam regarding our paper on Natufian beer brewing at Raqefet Cave, Israel. We focus on such issues as the identification of cereal-based food fermentation, the reconstruction of the fermentation process, the functions of Natufian stone mortars, and our view of beer making in relation to the transition to food production.
This paper presents lithic technology studies on the Middle and Late period of the Upper Palaeoli... more This paper presents lithic technology studies on the Middle and Late period of the Upper Palaeolithic in Hungary between 26 and 13 ka BP. The studies aimed at describing and then comparing the technological processes from lithic raw material procurement to the formal tool making. An attempt was made to find correlations between technological features and chronological positions of the assemblages to see if lithic technology operated traditionally or opportunistically. The study found that technology was rather shaped toward efficiency with an adaptive behavior. Therefore, in most cases, the way how tools were made is useless to differentiate archaeological cultures, while the tools themselves, especially the armatures, can be markers of cultures as was shown earlier. This study found that the formation of the archaeological record and its variability most likely depended upon the dynamism of human ecology.
Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past ag... more Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past agricultural and urban societies across the globe, but the origins of the sophisticated relevant technologies remain elusive. It has long been speculated that the thirst for beer may have been the stimulus behind cereal domestication, which led to a major social-technological change in human history; but this hypothesis has been highly controversial. We report here of the earliest archaeological evidence for cereal-based beer brewing by a semi-sedentary, foraging people. The current project incorporates experimental study, contextual examination, and use-wear and residue analyses of three stone mortars from a Natufian burial site at Raqefet Cave, Israel (13,700–11,700 cal. BP). The results of the analyses indicate that the Natufians exploited at least seven plant taxa, including wheat or barley, oat, legumes and bast fibers (including flax). They packed plant-foods, including malted wheat/barley, in fiber-made containers and stored them in boulder mortars. They used bedrock mortars for pounding and cooking plant-foods, including brewing wheat/barley-based beer likely served in ritual feasts ca. 13,000 years ago. These innovations predated the appearance of domesticated cereals by several millennia in the Near East.
Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past ag... more Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past agricultural and urban societies across the globe, but the origins of the sophisticated relevant technologies remain elusive. It has long been speculated that the thirst for beer may have been the stimulus behind cereal domestication, which led to a major social-technological change in human history; but this hypothesis has been highly controversial. We report here of the earliest archaeological evidence for cereal-based beer brewing by a semi-sedentary, foraging people. The current project incorporates experimental study, contextual examination, and use-wear and residue analyses of three stone mortars from a Natufian burial site at Raqefet Cave, Israel (13,700–11,700 cal. BP). The results of the analyses indicate that the Natufians exploited at least seven plant taxa, including wheat or barley, oat, legumes and bast fibers (including flax). They packed plant-foods, including malted wheat/barley, in fiber-made containers and stored them in boulder mortars. They used bedrock mortars for pounding and cooking plant-foods, including brewing wheat/barley-based beer likely served in ritual feasts ca. 13,000 years ago. These innovations predated the appearance of domesticated cereals by several millennia in the Near East.
Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past ag... more Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past agricultural and urban societies across the globe, but the origins of the sophisticated relevant technologies remain elusive. It has long been speculated that the thirst for beer may have been the stimulus behind cereal domestication, which led to a major social-technological change in human history; but this hypothesis has been highly controversial. We report here of the earliest archaeological evidence for cereal-based beer brewing by a semi-sedentary, foraging people. The current project incorporates experimental study, contextual examination, and use-wear and residue analyses of three stone mortars from a Natufian burial site at Raqefet Cave, Israel (13,700–11,700 cal. BP). The results of the analyses indicate that the Natufians exploited at least seven plant taxa, including wheat or barley, oat, legumes and bast fibers (including flax). They packed plant-foods, including malted wheat/barley, in fiber-made containers and stored them in boulder mortars. They used bedrock mortars for pounding and cooking plant-foods, including brewing wheat/barley-based beer likely served in ritual feasts ca. 13,000 years ago. These innovations predated the appearance of domesticated cereals by several millennia in the Near East.
Bösken et al. (2017) aimed at contributing to the environmental variability of the Gravettian pop... more Bösken et al. (2017) aimed at contributing to the environmental variability of the Gravettian population in ‘southeastern’ Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) with an interdisciplinary study at the Upper Palaeolithic site Ságvár Lyukas Hill (Hungary). However, the classification of the site as Gravettian is erroneous because the LGM archaeological record of eastern central Europe is composed of findings of another culture, the Epigravettian. This short comment on the paper of Bösken et al. (2017) presents the archaeological chronology between 34 and 16 kyr BP with a focus on the Gravettian–Epigravettian dichotomy.
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Omry Barzilai, Noemi Rebollo, Dani Nadel, Fanny Bocquentin, Reuven Yeshurun, György Lengyel, Gal ... more Omry Barzilai, Noemi Rebollo, Dani Nadel, Fanny Bocquentin, Reuven Yeshurun, György Lengyel, Gal Bermatov-Paz, Elisabetta Boaretto, 2017: Radiocarbon dating of human burials from Raqefet Cave and contemporaneous Natufian traditions at Mount Carmel. Antiquity 91(359), 1137-1154.
The Natufian culture (c. 15–11.5 ka cal BP) marks a pivotal step in the transition from hunting and gathering to sedentism and farming in the Near East. Although conventionally divided into Early and Late phases, this internal chronology lacks support from reliable absolute dates. This is now addressed by new AMS dating from two neighbouring Natufian sites at Mount Carmel in Israel: Raqefet Cave, conventionally assigned to the Late phase of the Natufian; and el-Wad Terrace, spanning the entire Natufian sequence. Results indicate that these two sites were in fact contemporaneous at some point, but with distinct lunate assemblages. Distinguishing between Natufian phases is, therefore, more complex than previously thought; the social implications of diverse but co-existing cultural manifestations must be considered in any future reconstruction of the Natufian.
Most Upper Palaeolithic sites dated to 28–12 k uncalibrated BP years in Hungary were classified w... more Most Upper Palaeolithic sites dated to 28–12 k uncalibrated BP years in Hungary were classified with the Gravettian Entity model (GEM). GEM sorted lithic assemblages by their technological, typological, and chronological attributes into three units: Pavlovian, Ságvárian, and Epigravettian. GEM claimed technological differences among the groups, and argued that typologically the lithic assemblages were similar. This paper tested the assumptions of GEM and found significant typologi-cal differences between the three units. The results supported to create an alternative classification scheme for the Middle and Late Upper Palaeolithic assemblages in Hungary. K e y w o r d s: Gravettian; Epigravettian; lithic tool typology; Middle and Late Upper Palaeolithic
The way in which modern humans first entered Europe has been a recent focus of Upper Paleolithic ... more The way in which modern humans first entered Europe has been a recent focus of Upper Paleolithic research. A leading theory posits that the Danube served as a conduit for migration from Southeastern into Central and Western Europe. However, a challenge to this has been the scarcity of Early Upper Paleolithic sites along the Middle Danube (Carpathian) Basin. Though several sites with Early Upper Paleolithic features (Szeletian, Aurignacian) are known from surface prospections, few have been archeologically investigated in detail. Here, our aim is to elucidate this long-standing deficiency by evaluating two unknown and three known sites from the northern Carpathian Basin in Hungary and Slovakia through a series of " keyhole " excavations. The objectives were to see if in situ stratified material still existed and to characterize the sites' archeological assemblages and sedimentological contexts. To do this, field observations supplemented by granulometry were employed to determine if the surrounding sedimentary matrix was eolian loess and/or if it had been mixed with underlying older deposits. The results indicate that the lithics represent Early Upper Paleolithic assemblages that experienced post-depositional mixing. However, two sites (Se na I, Nagyr ede 1) showed more nuanced site formation processes and may contain in situ artifacts warranting further exploration. These studies highlight the importance of including sedimentological research into archeological investigations, because the paucity of sites may not simply mean a lack of human occupation, but can indicate a dynamic geomorphological evolution of the Pleistocene landscape that may have erased past traces of human settlements through insufficient sedimentation. The results provide new insights into the Early Upper Paleolithic settlement and the sedimentary dynamics of the Carpathian Basin ultimately leading to a greater understanding of the early modern human settlement patterns in Europe.
In the Pleistocene epoch, animals were common food resources for humans. The archaeological findi... more In the Pleistocene epoch, animals were common food resources for humans. The archaeological findings of animal exploitation largely are related to herbivores and carnivores but remains of any other living creature of the Earth's biome can be part of the faunal assemblages. Archaeozoological studies indicated that animal species of different kinds were hunted or scavenged for dietary purposes, to obtain raw materials for clothing, ornamentation, musical instruments, housing, tools of domestic activity, and to construct hunting weaponry. Therefore, animals were the most important resources for a thriving human existence in the Pleistocene. Prey animals were of different species, each of which had a specific behaviour that may have demanded a particular knowledge and technique of hunting and exploiting methods. As animal bones are often part of the Pleistocene archaeological site, there must be various evidence of animal exploitation embedded together with artifacts and fossil remnants of human behaviour. The exploitation of animals by Pleistocene humans thus shapes and fundamentally contributes to the formation of the Pleistocene archaeological record.
Az Istállós-kői-barlang a Szeleta mellett a legismertebb és a leglátogatottabb őskőkori régészeti... more Az Istállós-kői-barlang a Szeleta mellett a legismertebb és a leglátogatottabb őskőkori régészeti lelőhely Magyarországon (1. kép). Ez annak a ténynek köszönhető, hogy a Szilvásváradhoz tartozó Szalajka-völgyben nyílik, amely a Bükk hegység legvonzóbb turisztikai célpontja. Bár szabadon látogatható, fokozott védelem alatt áll (Székely 2002). Ősrégészeti szempontból nemzetközileg is számontartott lelőhely, mivel az Európába 40 ezer évvel ezelőtt érkező anatómiailag modern ember (Homo sapiens) egyik legidősebb megtelepedése található itt. A lelőhely régészeti jelentősége megkívánja, hogy a legújabb kutatási módszerekkel újravizsgáljuk az emberi megtelepedéseket, ami lehetőséget ad számos aktuális kérdés tisztázására.
Zöld Cave is a recently discovered Late Epigravettian site in Hungary. It yielded a small archaeo... more Zöld Cave is a recently discovered Late Epigravettian site in Hungary. It yielded a small archaeological collection dated to 17.0-14.9 ka cal BP. The findings consists of faunal remains of horse and reindeer bearing extensive marks of human activity, and lithic artifacts of hunting armature types, including curved backed points, backed truncated bladelets, and backed bladelet, typical for a Late Epigravettian tool inventory. The archeozoological results indicate the cave was used as a hunting-butchering site. The Late Epigravettian archaeological record of eastern Central Europe suggests that this human population of hunter-gatherers practiced a residentially mobile subsistence strategy. Our results indicate that the Late Epigravettian population of eastern Central Europe did not disappear without descendants but likely contributed to the formation of the Federmesser culture.
With the end of MIS3, the unity of larger Gravettian settlements based predominantly on mammoth e... more With the end of MIS3, the unity of larger Gravettian settlements based predominantly on mammoth exploitation split into a mosaic of smaller Epigravettian sites with specific behaviors and economies. Based on C14 chronology, the site of Stránská skála IV (together with Grubgraben, Ságvár and Kašov), correlates with a brief warm period after the Last Glacial Maximum around 22 ka calBP. We detected two main accumulations of predominantly horse bones under a rock cliff suggesting that the site was not a regular settlement but rather a specialised hunting site. No features or hearths were recovered. Lithic raw materials were imported from long distances, and the horse hunting strategy profitted from the specific geographic qualitites of the site. Preferential location of Epigravettian sites in secluded valleys is a pattern generally recognized in Moravia and usually explained as a response to the harsh MIS2 climates.
TheNatufiancultureisthefirstculturalentityinthesouthernLevant to have large graveyardsand a wide ... more TheNatufiancultureisthefirstculturalentityinthesouthernLevant to have large graveyardsand a wide array of symbolicexpressions. Hundreds of Natufian burials have been discovered and studied; at some Natufian sites the presence of stone slabs within the graves has been recorded. One interesting yet rare phenomenon documented is the slabs bearing clear incised patterns, suggesting the Natufians were using these flat stone blocks as ’canvases’. Here we report and discuss an incised anthropomorphic figure that has been discovered in the Natufian graveyard at Raqefet Cave, Mt. Carmel, Israel. The human figure, most likely shown as dancing, adds anotherdimension to the rich assemblage of Natufian burial practices and symbolism as recorded at the site of Raqefet Cave as well as at other Natufian sites.
Journal of Field Archaeology 2020, https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/DUPVGHEST6TQSX5USKBB/full?target=10.1080/00934690.2020.1733334, 2020
Trenčianske Bohuslavice Gravettian site has been known since the early 1980s, with possibly the l... more Trenčianske Bohuslavice Gravettian site has been known since the early 1980s, with possibly the longest sequence of Upper Palaeolithic human occupation in the region, including a peculiar assemblage of lithic tools composed of bifacial leaf points. This paper presents the results of the 2017 excavation season that produced new data on the absolute chronology, stratigraphy, paleobotany, archaeology, and archaeozoology of the site. We found that the earliest occupation most probably belongs to the Aurignacian. This is followed by two Late Gravettian layers and the layer that yielded the bifacial leaf points. An Early Epigravettian layer dated to 26 kya seals the sequence. The succession of biological remains and geological evidence enabled the reconstruction of a cooling climate and disappearing boreal forest, which corresponded well with the development of the Last Glacial Maximum.
The northern Carpathian Basin has important geological, paleoenvironmental, and archeological rec... more The northern Carpathian Basin has important geological, paleoenvironmental, and archeological records that are key to our understanding of the first modern human occupation of Europe. However, the nature and timing of hominin settlements in the region during the Late Pleistocene remain poorly understood. New fieldwork at Seňa I, Slovakia, has identified the only known stratified open-air Aurignacian site in the region and assigned the assemblage to at least 33.5 ± 2.4 ka ago through infrared-stimulated luminescence dating. Additionally, new archeological and geoscientific data are presented. This paper discusses the Seňa I findings in the context of the regional archeological record and shows how they contribute to the establishment of clear time constraints for the Aurignacian in eastern central Europe.
The Middle Upper Palaeolithic (MUP) in eastern Central Europe (ECE) comprises three variants of G... more The Middle Upper Palaeolithic (MUP) in eastern Central Europe (ECE) comprises three variants of Gravettian culture: Early Gravettian, Pavlovian, and Late Gravettian. While Early Gravettian and Pavlovian are merely located in Lower Austria and Moravia, the Late Gravettian occupations occurred over the entire territory of ECE. Compared to the number of sites the radiocarbon dating and the absolute chronology of the Late Gravettian is rather poor. The results presented here bring a new set of radiocarbon (14 C) dates for the Late Gravettian period in ECE and propose that this period began and ended earlier than previously suggested.
This paper compares lithic and faunal assemblages from Milovice (Czech Republic) and Krak ow Spad... more This paper compares lithic and faunal assemblages from Milovice (Czech Republic) and Krak ow Spadzista (Poland) archaeological sites, with the aim of reconstructing temporal variations and patterning in Gravettian hunting of Mammuthus primigenius (woolly mammoth) in Central Europe. Milovice I was occupied ~1 ky earlier than Krak ow Spadzista, and is contemporaneous with Willendorf-Kostienkan sites. It is dated between 30.1 and 29.2 ka cal BP, overlapping the end of the GS 5.1 stadial in the Greenland ice core paleoclimatic record; the site was formed during cold climatic conditions. Radio-carbon dates from Krak ow Spadzista indicate the site was occupied between 28.6 and 27 ka cal BP, spanning periods of significant climate instability through the GI 4 interstadial, GS 4 stadial, and the short interstadial GI 3. The two sites have fundamental differences in armature tool kits, such as raw materials and tool sizes. The hunter-gatherers at both sites had a mammoth-hunting focus, although they used different sized lithic weapon tips for hunting and thus probably had different strategies for procuring prey. The mammoth mortality profiles are significantly different at the two sites. At Milovice I, mid-life adults dominate the profile, while juveniles greatly dominate at Krak ow Spadzista. We suggest that climatically mediated differences in mammoth migratory behavior, feeding behavior, population sizes, and demography influenced Gravettian people to manufacture and use different sizes of projectile points and to significantly increase the number of tool types during the most climatically unstable periods ; these changes reflected tactical changes in Late Gravettian subsistence hunting in East-Central Europe.
This paper compares lithic and faunal assemblages from Milovice (Czech Republic) and Kraków Spadzista (Poland) archaeological sites, with the aim of reconstructing temporal variations and patterning in Gravettian hunting of Mammuthus primigenius (woolly mammoth) in Central Europe. Milovice I was occupied ∼1 ky earlier than Kraków Spadzista, and is contemporaneous with Willendorf-Kostienkan sites. It is dated between 30.1 and 29.2 ka cal BP, overlapping the end of the GS 5.1 stadial in the Greenland ice core paleoclimatic record; the site was formed during cold climatic conditions. Radiocarbon dates from Kraków Spadzista indicate the site was occupied between 28.6 and 27 ka cal BP, spanning periods of significant climate instability through the GI 4 interstadial, GS 4 stadial, and the short interstadial GI 3. The two sites have fundamental differences in armature tool kits, such as raw materials and tool sizes. The hunter-gatherers at both sites had a mammoth-hunting focus, although they used different sized lithic weapon tips for hunting and thus probably had different strategies for procuring prey. The mammoth mortality profiles are significantly different at the two sites. At Milovice I, mid-life adults dominate the profile, while juveniles greatly dominate at Kraków Spadzista. We suggest that climatically mediated differences in mammoth migratory behavior, feeding behavior, population sizes, and demography influenced Gravettian people to manufacture and use different sizes of projectile points and to significantly increase the number of tool types during the most climatically unstable periods; these changes reflected tactical changes in Late Gravettian subsistence hunting in East-Central Europe.
We address several questions raised by David Eitam regarding our paper on Natufian beer brewing a... more We address several questions raised by David Eitam regarding our paper on Natufian beer brewing at Raqefet Cave, Israel. We focus on such issues as the identification of cereal-based food fermentation, the reconstruction of the fermentation process, the functions of Natufian stone mortars, and our view of beer making in relation to the transition to food production.
This paper presents lithic technology studies on the Middle and Late period of the Upper Palaeoli... more This paper presents lithic technology studies on the Middle and Late period of the Upper Palaeolithic in Hungary between 26 and 13 ka BP. The studies aimed at describing and then comparing the technological processes from lithic raw material procurement to the formal tool making. An attempt was made to find correlations between technological features and chronological positions of the assemblages to see if lithic technology operated traditionally or opportunistically. The study found that technology was rather shaped toward efficiency with an adaptive behavior. Therefore, in most cases, the way how tools were made is useless to differentiate archaeological cultures, while the tools themselves, especially the armatures, can be markers of cultures as was shown earlier. This study found that the formation of the archaeological record and its variability most likely depended upon the dynamism of human ecology.
Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past ag... more Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past agricultural and urban societies across the globe, but the origins of the sophisticated relevant technologies remain elusive. It has long been speculated that the thirst for beer may have been the stimulus behind cereal domestication, which led to a major social-technological change in human history; but this hypothesis has been highly controversial. We report here of the earliest archaeological evidence for cereal-based beer brewing by a semi-sedentary, foraging people. The current project incorporates experimental study, contextual examination, and use-wear and residue analyses of three stone mortars from a Natufian burial site at Raqefet Cave, Israel (13,700–11,700 cal. BP). The results of the analyses indicate that the Natufians exploited at least seven plant taxa, including wheat or barley, oat, legumes and bast fibers (including flax). They packed plant-foods, including malted wheat/barley, in fiber-made containers and stored them in boulder mortars. They used bedrock mortars for pounding and cooking plant-foods, including brewing wheat/barley-based beer likely served in ritual feasts ca. 13,000 years ago. These innovations predated the appearance of domesticated cereals by several millennia in the Near East.
Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past ag... more Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past agricultural and urban societies across the globe, but the origins of the sophisticated relevant technologies remain elusive. It has long been speculated that the thirst for beer may have been the stimulus behind cereal domestication, which led to a major social-technological change in human history; but this hypothesis has been highly controversial. We report here of the earliest archaeological evidence for cereal-based beer brewing by a semi-sedentary, foraging people. The current project incorporates experimental study, contextual examination, and use-wear and residue analyses of three stone mortars from a Natufian burial site at Raqefet Cave, Israel (13,700–11,700 cal. BP). The results of the analyses indicate that the Natufians exploited at least seven plant taxa, including wheat or barley, oat, legumes and bast fibers (including flax). They packed plant-foods, including malted wheat/barley, in fiber-made containers and stored them in boulder mortars. They used bedrock mortars for pounding and cooking plant-foods, including brewing wheat/barley-based beer likely served in ritual feasts ca. 13,000 years ago. These innovations predated the appearance of domesticated cereals by several millennia in the Near East.
Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past ag... more Fermented and alcoholic beverages played a pivotal role in feastings and social events in past agricultural and urban societies across the globe, but the origins of the sophisticated relevant technologies remain elusive. It has long been speculated that the thirst for beer may have been the stimulus behind cereal domestication, which led to a major social-technological change in human history; but this hypothesis has been highly controversial. We report here of the earliest archaeological evidence for cereal-based beer brewing by a semi-sedentary, foraging people. The current project incorporates experimental study, contextual examination, and use-wear and residue analyses of three stone mortars from a Natufian burial site at Raqefet Cave, Israel (13,700–11,700 cal. BP). The results of the analyses indicate that the Natufians exploited at least seven plant taxa, including wheat or barley, oat, legumes and bast fibers (including flax). They packed plant-foods, including malted wheat/barley, in fiber-made containers and stored them in boulder mortars. They used bedrock mortars for pounding and cooking plant-foods, including brewing wheat/barley-based beer likely served in ritual feasts ca. 13,000 years ago. These innovations predated the appearance of domesticated cereals by several millennia in the Near East.
Bösken et al. (2017) aimed at contributing to the environmental variability of the Gravettian pop... more Bösken et al. (2017) aimed at contributing to the environmental variability of the Gravettian population in ‘southeastern’ Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) with an interdisciplinary study at the Upper Palaeolithic site Ságvár Lyukas Hill (Hungary). However, the classification of the site as Gravettian is erroneous because the LGM archaeological record of eastern central Europe is composed of findings of another culture, the Epigravettian. This short comment on the paper of Bösken et al. (2017) presents the archaeological chronology between 34 and 16 kyr BP with a focus on the Gravettian–Epigravettian dichotomy.
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Omry Barzilai, Noemi Rebollo, Dani Nadel, Fanny Bocquentin, Reuven Yeshurun, György Lengyel, Gal ... more Omry Barzilai, Noemi Rebollo, Dani Nadel, Fanny Bocquentin, Reuven Yeshurun, György Lengyel, Gal Bermatov-Paz, Elisabetta Boaretto, 2017: Radiocarbon dating of human burials from Raqefet Cave and contemporaneous Natufian traditions at Mount Carmel. Antiquity 91(359), 1137-1154.
The Natufian culture (c. 15–11.5 ka cal BP) marks a pivotal step in the transition from hunting and gathering to sedentism and farming in the Near East. Although conventionally divided into Early and Late phases, this internal chronology lacks support from reliable absolute dates. This is now addressed by new AMS dating from two neighbouring Natufian sites at Mount Carmel in Israel: Raqefet Cave, conventionally assigned to the Late phase of the Natufian; and el-Wad Terrace, spanning the entire Natufian sequence. Results indicate that these two sites were in fact contemporaneous at some point, but with distinct lunate assemblages. Distinguishing between Natufian phases is, therefore, more complex than previously thought; the social implications of diverse but co-existing cultural manifestations must be considered in any future reconstruction of the Natufian.
Most Upper Palaeolithic sites dated to 28–12 k uncalibrated BP years in Hungary were classified w... more Most Upper Palaeolithic sites dated to 28–12 k uncalibrated BP years in Hungary were classified with the Gravettian Entity model (GEM). GEM sorted lithic assemblages by their technological, typological, and chronological attributes into three units: Pavlovian, Ságvárian, and Epigravettian. GEM claimed technological differences among the groups, and argued that typologically the lithic assemblages were similar. This paper tested the assumptions of GEM and found significant typologi-cal differences between the three units. The results supported to create an alternative classification scheme for the Middle and Late Upper Palaeolithic assemblages in Hungary. K e y w o r d s: Gravettian; Epigravettian; lithic tool typology; Middle and Late Upper Palaeolithic
The way in which modern humans first entered Europe has been a recent focus of Upper Paleolithic ... more The way in which modern humans first entered Europe has been a recent focus of Upper Paleolithic research. A leading theory posits that the Danube served as a conduit for migration from Southeastern into Central and Western Europe. However, a challenge to this has been the scarcity of Early Upper Paleolithic sites along the Middle Danube (Carpathian) Basin. Though several sites with Early Upper Paleolithic features (Szeletian, Aurignacian) are known from surface prospections, few have been archeologically investigated in detail. Here, our aim is to elucidate this long-standing deficiency by evaluating two unknown and three known sites from the northern Carpathian Basin in Hungary and Slovakia through a series of " keyhole " excavations. The objectives were to see if in situ stratified material still existed and to characterize the sites' archeological assemblages and sedimentological contexts. To do this, field observations supplemented by granulometry were employed to determine if the surrounding sedimentary matrix was eolian loess and/or if it had been mixed with underlying older deposits. The results indicate that the lithics represent Early Upper Paleolithic assemblages that experienced post-depositional mixing. However, two sites (Se na I, Nagyr ede 1) showed more nuanced site formation processes and may contain in situ artifacts warranting further exploration. These studies highlight the importance of including sedimentological research into archeological investigations, because the paucity of sites may not simply mean a lack of human occupation, but can indicate a dynamic geomorphological evolution of the Pleistocene landscape that may have erased past traces of human settlements through insufficient sedimentation. The results provide new insights into the Early Upper Paleolithic settlement and the sedimentary dynamics of the Carpathian Basin ultimately leading to a greater understanding of the early modern human settlement patterns in Europe.
We invite you to participate in the third “World of Gravettian Hunters” conference, which is plan... more We invite you to participate in the third “World of Gravettian Hunters” conference, which is planned from 20 to 25 May 2019 in Kraków, Poland. The theme of the conference is the Gravettian and derivate cultures such as Epigravettian. The conference will host talks and posters in archaeology, paleontology, and geology. Especially encouraged are presentations of new results or syntheses on the time period ~30,000 to 15,000 years ago.
A régészet által kutatott korszakok közül az őskőkor a leghosszabb. Közel 2,5 millió évet ölel át... more A régészet által kutatott korszakok közül az őskőkor a leghosszabb. Közel 2,5 millió évet ölel át, s a vége az utolsó eljegesedés elmúltával esik egybe, nagyjából Kr.e. 8 ezer tájékán.
This file includes the abstracts of papers in The Upper Palaeolithic research in Central and East... more This file includes the abstracts of papers in The Upper Palaeolithic research in Central and Eastern Europe session XVII-4 at the UISPP XVIIIth Congress, Paris 2018.
At the upcoming UISPP 18th World Congress, Paris 4-9 June 2018, session XVII-4 (The Upper Palaeol... more At the upcoming UISPP 18th World Congress, Paris 4-9 June 2018, session XVII-4 (The Upper Palaeolithic research in Central and Eastern Europe) welcomes oral presentations and posters that focus on the understanding the diversity of the UP archaeological record in Central and Eastern Europe through the lenses of lithic analysis, absolute dating, isotopic studies and zooarchaeology, and all fields of Palaeolithic archaeology. Please find further details in the session abstract book: https://uispp2018.sciencesconf.org/data/pages/sessions_UISPP_congres_Paris_15_06_2017_l ivret_des_sessions_1.pdf Proposals for communication have to be submitted until 30 November 2017 on the web of UISPP https://uispp2018.sciencesconf.org/ The organizers of UISPP restricted the number of oral communications, therefore maximum 10 presentations can be held. The length of a presentation is max 20 min. However, the regulations do not limit the number of posters and allow 5 min to present each. Posters also will be available on the web. The sessions can be published at Archaeopress with online free distribution on their website (according to UISPP organizers). Also, there is a possibility to publish the talks and the posters in journals (we would like to discuss this at the conference with the participants of the session). We would like to emphasize that in our session posters weigh the same as talks and we encourage poster authors to publish their posters as a paper. A bursary system will be set up to support certain researchers who would not have the possibility to participate without it, but the bursary system concerning who can apply has not been clarified by UISPP yet. If you have any question, please do not hesitate to contact us at [email protected](György Lengyel) or [email protected] (Jarosław Wilczyński).
Update 30/10/2017
At the upcoming UISPP 18th World Congress, Paris 4-9 June 2018, session XVII... more Update 30/10/2017
At the upcoming UISPP 18th World Congress, Paris 4-9 June 2018, session XVII-4 (The Upper Palaeolithic research in Central and Eastern Europe) welcomes oral presentations and posters that focus on the understanding the diversity of the UP archaeological record in Central and Eastern Europe through the lenses of lithic analysis, absolute dating, isotopic studies and zooarchaeology, and all fields of Palaeolithic archaeology. Please find further details in the session abstract book:
The organizers of UISPP restricted the number of oral communications, therefore maximum 10 presentations can be held. The length of a presentation is max 20 min. However, the regulations do not limit the number of posters and allow 5 min to present each. Posters also will be available on the web.
The sessions can be published at Archaeopress with online free distribution on their website (according to UISPP organizers). Also, there is a possibility to publish the talks and the posters in journals (we would like to discuss this at the conference with the participants of the session). We would like to emphasize that in our session posters weigh the same as talks and we encourage poster authors to publish their posters as a paper.
A bursary system will be set up to support certain researchers who would not have the possibility to participate without it, but the bursary system concerning who can apply has not been clarified by UISPP yet.
If you have any question, please do not hesitate to contact us at [email protected](György Lengyel) or [email protected] (Jarosław Wilczyński).
Session abstract
The development of the Upper Palaeolithic (between 40 ka and 10 ka uncalibrated radiocarbon ages before present) in Central and Eastern Europe significantly differs from that of Western Europe. The difference started already with the Middle-to-Upper Palaeolithic transition and remains pronounced throughout the whole Upper Palaeolithic, as shown by the anomalies in the succession of the archaeological cultures. Recent research projects in Central and Eastern Europe have brought new results to the understanding of the Upper Palaeolithic hunter-gatherer archaeological remains. Our aim with this session is to call for papers focusing on the understanding of the principles and variants of human subsistence strategies and the roots of archaeological cultural variability through the lenses of lithic analysis, absolute dating, isotopic studies and zooarchaeology, and all fields of Palaeolithic archaeology, which may explain the diversity of the archaeological record. We also welcome papers that discuss and explain differences between Western, Central, and Eastern Europe with the same scope. We hope to advance sharing and discussing new results and methods from the Upper Palaeolithic of Central and Eastern Europe, which eventually contribute to the understanding of Eurasian Palaeolithic human cultural assortment. The papers presented in the session are preferred to be published as a special volume of a peer-reviewed journal.
This session will be held at the forthcoming EAA meeting in Maastricht 29 Aug - 03 Sept 2017. Of ... more This session will be held at the forthcoming EAA meeting in Maastricht 29 Aug - 03 Sept 2017. Of the 439 approved, the 'Upper Palaeolithic in the Central Europe: new ideas and perspectives' is the sole session that gives full frame to the Upper Palaeolithic. We welcome proposals for papers from all over Central Europe.
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Papers by György Lengyel
Ősrégészeti szempontból nemzetközileg is számontartott lelőhely, mivel az Európába 40 ezer évvel ezelőtt érkező anatómiailag modern ember (Homo sapiens) egyik legidősebb megtelepedése található itt. A lelőhely régészeti jelentősége megkívánja, hogy a legújabb kutatási módszerekkel újravizsgáljuk az emberi megtelepedéseket, ami lehetőséget ad számos aktuális kérdés tisztázására.
https://authors.elsevier.com/c/1ZpsA-4PRtyV6
This paper compares lithic and faunal assemblages from Milovice (Czech Republic) and Kraków Spadzista (Poland) archaeological sites, with the aim of reconstructing temporal variations and patterning in Gravettian hunting of Mammuthus primigenius (woolly mammoth) in Central Europe. Milovice I was occupied ∼1 ky earlier than Kraków Spadzista, and is contemporaneous with Willendorf-Kostienkan sites. It is dated between 30.1 and 29.2 ka cal BP, overlapping the end of the GS 5.1 stadial in the Greenland ice core paleoclimatic record; the site was formed during cold climatic conditions. Radiocarbon dates from Kraków Spadzista indicate the site was occupied between 28.6 and 27 ka cal BP, spanning periods of significant climate instability through the GI 4 interstadial, GS 4 stadial, and the short interstadial GI 3. The two sites have fundamental differences in armature tool kits, such as raw materials and tool sizes. The hunter-gatherers at both sites had a mammoth-hunting focus, although they used different sized lithic weapon tips for hunting and thus probably had different strategies for procuring prey. The mammoth mortality profiles are significantly different at the two sites. At Milovice I, mid-life adults dominate the profile, while juveniles greatly dominate at Kraków Spadzista. We suggest that climatically mediated differences in mammoth migratory behavior, feeding behavior, population sizes, and demography influenced Gravettian people to manufacture and use different sizes of projectile points and to significantly increase the number of tool types during the most climatically unstable periods; these changes reflected tactical changes in Late Gravettian subsistence hunting in East-Central Europe.
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This paper is a comment on: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018217308040
The reply to our comment is: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018217311094
The Natufian culture (c. 15–11.5 ka cal BP) marks a pivotal step in the transition from hunting and gathering to sedentism and farming in the Near East. Although conventionally divided into Early and Late phases, this internal chronology lacks support from reliable absolute dates. This is now addressed by new AMS dating from two neighbouring Natufian sites at Mount Carmel in Israel: Raqefet Cave, conventionally assigned to the Late phase of the Natufian; and el-Wad Terrace, spanning the entire Natufian sequence. Results indicate that these two sites were in fact contemporaneous at some point, but with distinct lunate assemblages. Distinguishing between Natufian phases is, therefore, more complex than previously thought; the social implications of diverse but co-existing cultural manifestations must be considered in any future reconstruction of the Natufian.
Ősrégészeti szempontból nemzetközileg is számontartott lelőhely, mivel az Európába 40 ezer évvel ezelőtt érkező anatómiailag modern ember (Homo sapiens) egyik legidősebb megtelepedése található itt. A lelőhely régészeti jelentősége megkívánja, hogy a legújabb kutatási módszerekkel újravizsgáljuk az emberi megtelepedéseket, ami lehetőséget ad számos aktuális kérdés tisztázására.
https://authors.elsevier.com/c/1ZpsA-4PRtyV6
This paper compares lithic and faunal assemblages from Milovice (Czech Republic) and Kraków Spadzista (Poland) archaeological sites, with the aim of reconstructing temporal variations and patterning in Gravettian hunting of Mammuthus primigenius (woolly mammoth) in Central Europe. Milovice I was occupied ∼1 ky earlier than Kraków Spadzista, and is contemporaneous with Willendorf-Kostienkan sites. It is dated between 30.1 and 29.2 ka cal BP, overlapping the end of the GS 5.1 stadial in the Greenland ice core paleoclimatic record; the site was formed during cold climatic conditions. Radiocarbon dates from Kraków Spadzista indicate the site was occupied between 28.6 and 27 ka cal BP, spanning periods of significant climate instability through the GI 4 interstadial, GS 4 stadial, and the short interstadial GI 3. The two sites have fundamental differences in armature tool kits, such as raw materials and tool sizes. The hunter-gatherers at both sites had a mammoth-hunting focus, although they used different sized lithic weapon tips for hunting and thus probably had different strategies for procuring prey. The mammoth mortality profiles are significantly different at the two sites. At Milovice I, mid-life adults dominate the profile, while juveniles greatly dominate at Kraków Spadzista. We suggest that climatically mediated differences in mammoth migratory behavior, feeding behavior, population sizes, and demography influenced Gravettian people to manufacture and use different sizes of projectile points and to significantly increase the number of tool types during the most climatically unstable periods; these changes reflected tactical changes in Late Gravettian subsistence hunting in East-Central Europe.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
This paper is a comment on: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018217308040
The reply to our comment is: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031018217311094
The Natufian culture (c. 15–11.5 ka cal BP) marks a pivotal step in the transition from hunting and gathering to sedentism and farming in the Near East. Although conventionally divided into Early and Late phases, this internal chronology lacks support from reliable absolute dates. This is now addressed by new AMS dating from two neighbouring Natufian sites at Mount Carmel in Israel: Raqefet Cave, conventionally assigned to the Late phase of the Natufian; and el-Wad Terrace, spanning the entire Natufian sequence. Results indicate that these two sites were in fact contemporaneous at some point, but with distinct lunate assemblages. Distinguishing between Natufian phases is, therefore, more complex than previously thought; the social implications of diverse but co-existing cultural manifestations must be considered in any future reconstruction of the Natufian.
presentations of new results or syntheses on the time period ~30,000 to 15,000 years ago.
Registration to the conference:
http://wogh2019.isez.pan.krakow.pl/form.php
Please send the abstracts to Poitr Woital [email protected] . The online payment option will be ready soon.
At the upcoming UISPP 18th World Congress, Paris 4-9 June 2018, session XVII-4 (The Upper Palaeolithic research in Central and Eastern Europe) welcomes oral presentations and posters that focus on the understanding the diversity of the UP archaeological record in Central and Eastern Europe through the lenses of lithic analysis, absolute dating, isotopic studies and zooarchaeology, and all fields of Palaeolithic archaeology. Please find further details in the session abstract book:
https://uispp2018.sciencesconf.org/data/pages/sessions_UISPP_congres_Paris_15_06_2017_livret_des_sessions_1.pdf
Proposals for communication have to be submitted until 30 November 2017 on the web of UISPP https://uispp2018.sciencesconf.org/
The organizers of UISPP restricted the number of oral communications, therefore maximum 10 presentations can be held. The length of a presentation is max 20 min. However, the regulations do not limit the number of posters and allow 5 min to present each. Posters also will be available on the web.
The sessions can be published at Archaeopress with online free distribution on their website (according to UISPP organizers). Also, there is a possibility to publish the talks and the posters in journals (we would like to discuss this at the conference with the participants of the session). We would like to emphasize that in our session posters weigh the same as talks and we encourage poster authors to publish their posters as a paper.
A bursary system will be set up to support certain researchers who would not have the possibility to participate without it, but the bursary system concerning who can apply has not been clarified by UISPP yet.
If you have any question, please do not hesitate to contact us at [email protected](György Lengyel) or [email protected] (Jarosław Wilczyński).
Session abstract
The development of the Upper Palaeolithic (between 40 ka and 10 ka uncalibrated radiocarbon ages before present) in Central and Eastern Europe significantly differs from that of Western Europe. The difference started already with the Middle-to-Upper Palaeolithic transition and remains pronounced throughout the whole Upper Palaeolithic, as shown by the anomalies in the succession of the archaeological cultures. Recent research projects in Central and Eastern Europe have brought new results to the understanding of the Upper Palaeolithic hunter-gatherer archaeological remains. Our aim with this session is to call for papers focusing on the understanding of the principles and variants of human subsistence strategies and the roots of archaeological cultural variability through the lenses of lithic analysis, absolute dating, isotopic studies and zooarchaeology, and all fields of Palaeolithic archaeology, which may explain the diversity of the archaeological record. We also welcome papers that discuss and explain differences between Western, Central, and Eastern Europe with the same scope. We hope to advance sharing and discussing new results and methods from the Upper Palaeolithic of Central and Eastern Europe, which eventually contribute to the understanding of Eurasian Palaeolithic human cultural assortment. The papers presented in the session are preferred to be published as a special volume of a peer-reviewed journal.