The context of this study is Bangladesh`s food retailing sector. The main purpose of this study i... more The context of this study is Bangladesh`s food retailing sector. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Customer Relationship Marketing (CRM) and customer retention. The core aim of Relationship Marketing is to build long lasting mutually bonded relationships with customers and various other important stakeholders. The concept has attracted considerable attention among scholars in recent decades and has appeared in service marketing literature as a new marketing paradigm. The concept is critical to the success of any organisation as it has been an accepted phenomenon that maintains that existing customers are far easier to retain than is the process of acquiring new customers. In order to stay in business and cope with the challenging business dynamism, organisations are continuously searching for reliable and serviceable strategies to be employed in order to increase customer retention. However, there is a lack of consensus among researchers on the core antecedents of relationship marketing that can be used to achieve the above aims, especially while the concept is new in the context of organised retailing sectors in Bangladesh. In response, the study developed a conceptual framework of customer retention strategy which incorporates bonds, service quality and relational quality into one relationship model. The model establishes eleven hypotheses. A sample of 202 grocery food retail customers were selected in a random sample from four selected superstores. The results support hypothesized relationships built on the model. The findings indicate that service quality, trust, bond and customer satisfactions are vital for creating positive customer loyalty which in turn creates customer retention.
In this paper we identify some practical examples of fundraising drawn from a number of semi-stru... more In this paper we identify some practical examples of fundraising drawn from a number of semi-structured interviews with individuals who had recent experience of fund raising in the performing arts. The central section of this paper consists of a short case study of a four-year fund raising campaign at a provincial theatre. Research outcomes include some reflections for consideration in future projects. Many theatres offer an almost identical portfolio of fundraising schemes but the relative success of different activities seems to vary from case to case. The decline of the Lottery and the growth of the super wealthy suggest that fundraising from private donors, and major private donors in particular, is likely to gain more prominence in the years ahead. Nevertheless, it also seems common that far too little time and care is spent in preparing and targeting applications to grant awarding trusts and other bodies.
Arts Marketing focuses on a variety of sectors within the arts and addresses the way in which mar... more Arts Marketing focuses on a variety of sectors within the arts and addresses the way in which marketing principles are applied within these, outlining both the similarities and the differences that occur. Relating policy to practice, this contributed text demonstrates the most effective means of marketing in specific areas of the arts, with each chapter having been written by a specialist in the field. Although primarily focusing on the UK market, the subject has global relevance and appeal, and policy is evaluated on national, European and ...
Arts Marketing focuses on a variety of sectors within the arts and addresses the way in which mar... more Arts Marketing focuses on a variety of sectors within the arts and addresses the way in which marketing principles are applied within these, outlining both the similarities and the differences that occur. Relating policy to practice, this contributed text demonstrates the most effective means of marketing in specific areas of the arts, with each chapter having been written by a specialist in the field. Although primarily focusing on the UK market, the subject has global relevance and appeal, and policy is evaluated on national, European and ...
Five interneurones in each connective respond directionally to rotation of a crab. Each seems to ... more Five interneurones in each connective respond directionally to rotation of a crab. Each seems to be activated by one direction of fluid flow in one statocyst canal. The anatomy of two is known and correlates well with a direct input from the receptors of one statocyst. Three of the fibres have input from leg joint proprioceptors.
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ϵ4 allele is established to be a risk factor for the development of late-... more Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ϵ4 allele is established to be a risk factor for the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) which is associated with increased frequency of senile plaques and extent of amyloid angiopathy. In a recent report, we demonstrated that ApoE ϵ4 dosage correlates with an increase in Aβ1–40 but not Aβ1–42/43-immunoreactive plaques. In the present study, we sought to confirm this relationship at a biochemical level by using a sensitive ELISA to measure the amounts of Aβ1–42/43 and Aβ1–40 in cerebral cortex in 36 cases of sporadic AD. We found that dosage of ApoE ϵ4 allele correlated significantly with cortical Aβ1–40 levels, while levels of Aβ1–42 showed no significant association with genotype. These results parallel our immunohistochemical findings and suggest that Aβ1–40 may play a key role in the pathogenesis of late-onset sporadic AD.
We have tested the effect of the individual DNase I hypersensitive site (HS) regions of the globi... more We have tested the effect of the individual DNase I hypersensitive site (HS) regions of the globin locus control region (LCR) on the developmental expression pattern of the human gamma and beta genes in transgenic mice. The results show that HS3 is the most active site during the embryonic period. It is also the only site capable of high level expression of the gamma genes during fetal hematopoiesis, in a population of cells that are capable of expressing both the gamma and beta genes. Region HS4 shows the highest activity during the adult stage and expresses the gamma genes only at low levels during the embryonic period. HS2 drives equivalent levels of gamma or beta transgene expression throughout development. HS1 has a similar pattern to HS2, although the activity of HS1 is very low. From these results we conclude that the HS regions have distinct developmental specificities and suggest that in the complete LCR they interact with each other to form a larger complex which, in turn, interacts with the globin genes.
TMP21 has been shown to be associated with the gamma-secretase complex and can specifically regul... more TMP21 has been shown to be associated with the gamma-secretase complex and can specifically regulate gamma-cleavage without affecting epsilon-mediated proteolysis. To explore the basis of this activity, TMP21 modulation of gamma-secretase activity was investigated independent of epsilon-cleavage using an amyloid-beta precursor proteinepsilon (APPepsilon) construct which lacks the amyloid intracellular domain domain. The APPepsilon construct behaves similarly to the full-length precursor protein with respect to alpha- and beta-cleavages and is able to undergo normal gamma-processing. Co-expression of APPepsilon and TMP21 resulted in the accumulation of membrane-embedded higher molecular weight Abeta-positive fragments, consistent with an inhibition of gamma-secretase cleavage. The APPepsilon system was used to examine the functional domains of TMP21 through the investigation of a series of TMP21-p24a chimera proteins. It was found that chimeras containing the transmembrane domain bound to the gamma-secretase complex and could decrease gamma-secretase proteolytic processing. This was confirmed though investigation of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the TMP21 transmembrane helix. The isolated TMP21 TM peptide but not the homologous p24a domain was able to reduce Abeta production in a dose-dependent fashion. These observations suggest that the TMP21 transmembrane domain promotes its association with the presenilin complex that results in decreased gamma-cleavage activity.
ABSTRACT Many marine invertebrates and fish respond to hydrostatic pressure in order to regulate ... more ABSTRACT Many marine invertebrates and fish respond to hydrostatic pressure in order to regulate their depth and synchronize their behaviour to tidal cycles. Here we investigate the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the vestibular hair cells located in the labyrinth of the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula, and find that it modulates their spontaneous activity and response to angular acceleration. This may explain not only the low resting activity of vertebrate hair cells but also how fish that do not have swim bladders can sense hydrostatic cues.
Deposition of extraneuronal fibrils that assemble from the 39-43 residue beta/A4 amyloid protein ... more Deposition of extraneuronal fibrils that assemble from the 39-43 residue beta/A4 amyloid protein is one of the earliest histopathological features of Alzheimer's disease. We have used negative-stain electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and fiber X-ray diffraction to examine the structure and properties of synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 1-40 of the beta/A4 protein of primate [Pm(1-40); human and monkey], rodent [Ro(1-40); with Arg5-->Gly, Tyr10-->Phe, and His13-->Arg], and hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis of the Dutch type (HCHWA-D) [Du(1-40); with Glu22-->Gln]. As controls, we examined a reverse primate sequence [Pm*(40-1)] and an extensively substituted primate peptide [C(1-40); with Glu3-->Arg, Arg5-->Glu, Asp7-->Val, His13-->Lys, Lys16-->His, Val18-->Asp, Phe19-->Ser, Phe20-->Tyr, Ser26-->Pro, Ala30-->Val, Ile31-->Ala, Met35-->norLeu, Gly38-->Ile, Val39-->Ala, and Val40-->Gly]. The assembly of these peptides was studied to understand the relationship between species-dependent amyloid formation and beta/A4 sequence and the effect of a naturally occurring point mutation of fibrillogenesis. The three N-terminal amino acid differences between Pm(1-40) and Ro(1-40) had virtually no effect on the morphology or organization of the fibrils formed by these peptides, indicating that the lack of amyloid deposits in rodent brain is not due directly to specific changes in its beta/A4 sequence. beta-Sheet and fibril formation, judged by FT-IR, was maximal within the pH range 5-8 for Pm(1-40), pH 5-10.5 for Du(1-40), and pH 2.5-8 for Ro(1-40).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 10236240600708439, Jun 1, 2006
... “Statocysts and statocyst control of motor pathways in crayfish and crabs”. In Crustacean exp... more ... “Statocysts and statocyst control of motor pathways in crayfish and crabs”. In Crustacean experimental systems in neurobiology , Edited by: Wiese, K. 89Berlin: Springer Verlag. ... In Crustacean experimental systems in neurobiology , Edited by: Wiese, K. 89Berlin: Springer Verlag. ...
Crabs show well-coordinated locomotion. They have proprioceptors similar to those of lobsters, bu... more Crabs show well-coordinated locomotion. They have proprioceptors similar to those of lobsters, but they differ in terms of their balancing systems and their condensed nervous system, which allows rapid interganglionic conduction. Typically they exhibit dynamically stable locomotion with a highly developed semicircular canal system that codes angular acceleration in each of three orthogonal planes (horizontal and vertical at 45°and 135°to the pitching plane). Left and right interneurons each code one direction of angular acceleration, carrying information between the brain and the thoracic ganglia. Cell A codes head-up vertical plane angular accelerations. Cell B codes rotations in the horizontal plane. Interneurons C and D code headdown vertical plane information, carrying it ipsilaterally and contralaterally respectively. These interneurons have a central role in locomotion. They are activated and have their responsiveness to angular acceleration enhanced before and during locomotion. Such simple activation pathways point to how an angular-acceleration-controlled robot (CRABOT) could be constructed. Hydrostatic pressure information carried by the thread hairs, which also sense angular acceleration, is filtered out from direct pathways onto the interneurons, but spectral analysis shows that it still has an influence via central pathways. Long-term recordings from equilibrium interneurons in free-walking crabs taken from the wild into constant conditions show tidally changing frequencies of bouts of activity, with peaks that correspond to times of high tide.
The context of this study is Bangladesh`s food retailing sector. The main purpose of this study i... more The context of this study is Bangladesh`s food retailing sector. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between Customer Relationship Marketing (CRM) and customer retention. The core aim of Relationship Marketing is to build long lasting mutually bonded relationships with customers and various other important stakeholders. The concept has attracted considerable attention among scholars in recent decades and has appeared in service marketing literature as a new marketing paradigm. The concept is critical to the success of any organisation as it has been an accepted phenomenon that maintains that existing customers are far easier to retain than is the process of acquiring new customers. In order to stay in business and cope with the challenging business dynamism, organisations are continuously searching for reliable and serviceable strategies to be employed in order to increase customer retention. However, there is a lack of consensus among researchers on the core antecedents of relationship marketing that can be used to achieve the above aims, especially while the concept is new in the context of organised retailing sectors in Bangladesh. In response, the study developed a conceptual framework of customer retention strategy which incorporates bonds, service quality and relational quality into one relationship model. The model establishes eleven hypotheses. A sample of 202 grocery food retail customers were selected in a random sample from four selected superstores. The results support hypothesized relationships built on the model. The findings indicate that service quality, trust, bond and customer satisfactions are vital for creating positive customer loyalty which in turn creates customer retention.
In this paper we identify some practical examples of fundraising drawn from a number of semi-stru... more In this paper we identify some practical examples of fundraising drawn from a number of semi-structured interviews with individuals who had recent experience of fund raising in the performing arts. The central section of this paper consists of a short case study of a four-year fund raising campaign at a provincial theatre. Research outcomes include some reflections for consideration in future projects. Many theatres offer an almost identical portfolio of fundraising schemes but the relative success of different activities seems to vary from case to case. The decline of the Lottery and the growth of the super wealthy suggest that fundraising from private donors, and major private donors in particular, is likely to gain more prominence in the years ahead. Nevertheless, it also seems common that far too little time and care is spent in preparing and targeting applications to grant awarding trusts and other bodies.
Arts Marketing focuses on a variety of sectors within the arts and addresses the way in which mar... more Arts Marketing focuses on a variety of sectors within the arts and addresses the way in which marketing principles are applied within these, outlining both the similarities and the differences that occur. Relating policy to practice, this contributed text demonstrates the most effective means of marketing in specific areas of the arts, with each chapter having been written by a specialist in the field. Although primarily focusing on the UK market, the subject has global relevance and appeal, and policy is evaluated on national, European and ...
Arts Marketing focuses on a variety of sectors within the arts and addresses the way in which mar... more Arts Marketing focuses on a variety of sectors within the arts and addresses the way in which marketing principles are applied within these, outlining both the similarities and the differences that occur. Relating policy to practice, this contributed text demonstrates the most effective means of marketing in specific areas of the arts, with each chapter having been written by a specialist in the field. Although primarily focusing on the UK market, the subject has global relevance and appeal, and policy is evaluated on national, European and ...
Five interneurones in each connective respond directionally to rotation of a crab. Each seems to ... more Five interneurones in each connective respond directionally to rotation of a crab. Each seems to be activated by one direction of fluid flow in one statocyst canal. The anatomy of two is known and correlates well with a direct input from the receptors of one statocyst. Three of the fibres have input from leg joint proprioceptors.
Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ϵ4 allele is established to be a risk factor for the development of late-... more Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ϵ4 allele is established to be a risk factor for the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) which is associated with increased frequency of senile plaques and extent of amyloid angiopathy. In a recent report, we demonstrated that ApoE ϵ4 dosage correlates with an increase in Aβ1–40 but not Aβ1–42/43-immunoreactive plaques. In the present study, we sought to confirm this relationship at a biochemical level by using a sensitive ELISA to measure the amounts of Aβ1–42/43 and Aβ1–40 in cerebral cortex in 36 cases of sporadic AD. We found that dosage of ApoE ϵ4 allele correlated significantly with cortical Aβ1–40 levels, while levels of Aβ1–42 showed no significant association with genotype. These results parallel our immunohistochemical findings and suggest that Aβ1–40 may play a key role in the pathogenesis of late-onset sporadic AD.
We have tested the effect of the individual DNase I hypersensitive site (HS) regions of the globi... more We have tested the effect of the individual DNase I hypersensitive site (HS) regions of the globin locus control region (LCR) on the developmental expression pattern of the human gamma and beta genes in transgenic mice. The results show that HS3 is the most active site during the embryonic period. It is also the only site capable of high level expression of the gamma genes during fetal hematopoiesis, in a population of cells that are capable of expressing both the gamma and beta genes. Region HS4 shows the highest activity during the adult stage and expresses the gamma genes only at low levels during the embryonic period. HS2 drives equivalent levels of gamma or beta transgene expression throughout development. HS1 has a similar pattern to HS2, although the activity of HS1 is very low. From these results we conclude that the HS regions have distinct developmental specificities and suggest that in the complete LCR they interact with each other to form a larger complex which, in turn, interacts with the globin genes.
TMP21 has been shown to be associated with the gamma-secretase complex and can specifically regul... more TMP21 has been shown to be associated with the gamma-secretase complex and can specifically regulate gamma-cleavage without affecting epsilon-mediated proteolysis. To explore the basis of this activity, TMP21 modulation of gamma-secretase activity was investigated independent of epsilon-cleavage using an amyloid-beta precursor proteinepsilon (APPepsilon) construct which lacks the amyloid intracellular domain domain. The APPepsilon construct behaves similarly to the full-length precursor protein with respect to alpha- and beta-cleavages and is able to undergo normal gamma-processing. Co-expression of APPepsilon and TMP21 resulted in the accumulation of membrane-embedded higher molecular weight Abeta-positive fragments, consistent with an inhibition of gamma-secretase cleavage. The APPepsilon system was used to examine the functional domains of TMP21 through the investigation of a series of TMP21-p24a chimera proteins. It was found that chimeras containing the transmembrane domain bound to the gamma-secretase complex and could decrease gamma-secretase proteolytic processing. This was confirmed though investigation of a synthetic peptide corresponding to the TMP21 transmembrane helix. The isolated TMP21 TM peptide but not the homologous p24a domain was able to reduce Abeta production in a dose-dependent fashion. These observations suggest that the TMP21 transmembrane domain promotes its association with the presenilin complex that results in decreased gamma-cleavage activity.
ABSTRACT Many marine invertebrates and fish respond to hydrostatic pressure in order to regulate ... more ABSTRACT Many marine invertebrates and fish respond to hydrostatic pressure in order to regulate their depth and synchronize their behaviour to tidal cycles. Here we investigate the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the vestibular hair cells located in the labyrinth of the dogfish Scyliorhinus canicula, and find that it modulates their spontaneous activity and response to angular acceleration. This may explain not only the low resting activity of vertebrate hair cells but also how fish that do not have swim bladders can sense hydrostatic cues.
Deposition of extraneuronal fibrils that assemble from the 39-43 residue beta/A4 amyloid protein ... more Deposition of extraneuronal fibrils that assemble from the 39-43 residue beta/A4 amyloid protein is one of the earliest histopathological features of Alzheimer's disease. We have used negative-stain electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and fiber X-ray diffraction to examine the structure and properties of synthetic peptides corresponding to residues 1-40 of the beta/A4 protein of primate [Pm(1-40); human and monkey], rodent [Ro(1-40); with Arg5-->Gly, Tyr10-->Phe, and His13-->Arg], and hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis of the Dutch type (HCHWA-D) [Du(1-40); with Glu22-->Gln]. As controls, we examined a reverse primate sequence [Pm*(40-1)] and an extensively substituted primate peptide [C(1-40); with Glu3-->Arg, Arg5-->Glu, Asp7-->Val, His13-->Lys, Lys16-->His, Val18-->Asp, Phe19-->Ser, Phe20-->Tyr, Ser26-->Pro, Ala30-->Val, Ile31-->Ala, Met35-->norLeu, Gly38-->Ile, Val39-->Ala, and Val40-->Gly]. The assembly of these peptides was studied to understand the relationship between species-dependent amyloid formation and beta/A4 sequence and the effect of a naturally occurring point mutation of fibrillogenesis. The three N-terminal amino acid differences between Pm(1-40) and Ro(1-40) had virtually no effect on the morphology or organization of the fibrils formed by these peptides, indicating that the lack of amyloid deposits in rodent brain is not due directly to specific changes in its beta/A4 sequence. beta-Sheet and fibril formation, judged by FT-IR, was maximal within the pH range 5-8 for Pm(1-40), pH 5-10.5 for Du(1-40), and pH 2.5-8 for Ro(1-40).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 10236240600708439, Jun 1, 2006
... “Statocysts and statocyst control of motor pathways in crayfish and crabs”. In Crustacean exp... more ... “Statocysts and statocyst control of motor pathways in crayfish and crabs”. In Crustacean experimental systems in neurobiology , Edited by: Wiese, K. 89Berlin: Springer Verlag. ... In Crustacean experimental systems in neurobiology , Edited by: Wiese, K. 89Berlin: Springer Verlag. ...
Crabs show well-coordinated locomotion. They have proprioceptors similar to those of lobsters, bu... more Crabs show well-coordinated locomotion. They have proprioceptors similar to those of lobsters, but they differ in terms of their balancing systems and their condensed nervous system, which allows rapid interganglionic conduction. Typically they exhibit dynamically stable locomotion with a highly developed semicircular canal system that codes angular acceleration in each of three orthogonal planes (horizontal and vertical at 45°and 135°to the pitching plane). Left and right interneurons each code one direction of angular acceleration, carrying information between the brain and the thoracic ganglia. Cell A codes head-up vertical plane angular accelerations. Cell B codes rotations in the horizontal plane. Interneurons C and D code headdown vertical plane information, carrying it ipsilaterally and contralaterally respectively. These interneurons have a central role in locomotion. They are activated and have their responsiveness to angular acceleration enhanced before and during locomotion. Such simple activation pathways point to how an angular-acceleration-controlled robot (CRABOT) could be constructed. Hydrostatic pressure information carried by the thread hairs, which also sense angular acceleration, is filtered out from direct pathways onto the interneurons, but spectral analysis shows that it still has an influence via central pathways. Long-term recordings from equilibrium interneurons in free-walking crabs taken from the wild into constant conditions show tidally changing frequencies of bouts of activity, with peaks that correspond to times of high tide.
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Papers by Peter Fraser