Papers by Magdy K . Zahran
Polymers and Polymer Composites
Graft copolymerisation of 2,3-epoxypropyl methacrylate (EPMA) on to cotton-cellulose, in the fabr... more Graft copolymerisation of 2,3-epoxypropyl methacrylate (EPMA) on to cotton-cellulose, in the fabric form, was carried out using a cellulose thiocarbonate-KBrO3 redox initiation system. Effects of the concentrations of KBrO3 (initiator) and monomer, the pH of polymerization medium, grafting time and temperature were studied. The results revealed that the graft yield increased with increasing EPMA concentration within the range studied (from 10% to 160%). The optimal grafting conditions for other factors consisted of: [KBrO3], 10 g/1; pH of polymerization medium, 2.5; grafting temperature, 40°C and grafting time, 40 min. with optimum material to liquor ratio 1:30. On the basis of its efficiency as an oil repellent compound 1,1-dihydroperfluoroheptyl methacrylate (PFHMA) was combined with EPMA, in various ratios to promote grafting onto the cotton fabric under the aforementioned optimal conditions. The oil-repellency of the EPMA/PFHMA grafted fabric was then examined. The oil repellenc...
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Dec 20, 2022
Digenea simplex (D. simplex), an Egyptian marine red macroalga, contains a diverse group of phyto... more Digenea simplex (D. simplex), an Egyptian marine red macroalga, contains a diverse group of phytochemicals with unique bioactivities. At the same time, the synthesis of nanosuspension (NS) has received increasing interest to optimize the technological aspects of drugs. Thence, the main objective of this work was to use the chloroform extract (ChlE) of D. simplex to prepare its nanosuspension (ChlE-NS) formulation to increase its aqueous solubility, thereby improving its bioactivity. By using FTIR, GC/MS analysis, and phytochemical screening assays, the chemical profiling of ChlE was assessed. NS was prepared by the antisolvent precipitation technique using 1.5% w/v polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). A light microscope, FTIR, particle size distribution, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) measurements was used to characterize the prepared NS. Four cancer cell lines were used in the MTT experiment to investigate the anticancer potential of ChlE and ChlE-NS. An apoptotic mechanism was established using acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) dual staining, DNA fragmentation, and increased caspase activity. ChlE and ChlE-NS were also evaluated as antioxidants using DPPH and ABTS free radical assays. The results showed that, when compared to ChlE, ChlE-NS had greater cytotoxic activity against the four cancer cell lines. However, results of antioxidant activity showed that ChlE-NS had an IC 50 of 36.86 ± 0.09 and 63.5 ± 0.47%, while ChlE had values of 39.90 ± 0.08 and 86.5 ± 0.8% in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Based on the results of this research, D. simplex ChlE-NS may be an effective strategy for enhancing ChlE's cytotoxic and antioxidant activities.
Separation and Purification Technology
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 2012
ILVER loaded chitosan /methoxy polyethylene glycol chloro ……triazine (Ag/chit-MPEGT) core/shell n... more ILVER loaded chitosan /methoxy polyethylene glycol chloro ……triazine (Ag/chit-MPEGT) core/shell nano particles were synthesized as a durable finish for cotton fabrics. Ag/chit-MPEGT was firstly synthesized by reaction of silver loaded chitosan (Ag-chit) with methoxy polyethylene glycol dichlorotriazine. The latter was prepared by reaction of MPEG with 2,4,6-trichloro-s-triazine in acetone and sodium carbonate. Silver loaded chitosan(Ag/chit) nanoparticles were prepared by Ionotropic gelatin method. The resulting Ag/chit-MPEGT core/shell nano-particles were characterized by IR-spectra, 1 H NMR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and elemental spectroscopy imaging (ESI). The cotton fabric is treated with the prepared core/shell nanoparticles using the conventional and convenient pad-dry-cure techniques to impart the durable antimicrobial properties. Citric acid was used as a crosslinking agent to improve the morphology, the crease resistance and the durable press finishing of the treated fabric. The latter was tested for the fabric surface morphology, crease resistance, break tensile strength, elongation-at-break, air permeability and antimicrobial activity. Today, textile materials are an area subject to rapid technological development. New materials with properties hither to not associate with textiles at all, hit the market each day. Some new materials have environmental and/or antimicrobial performance as a prerequisite for textile goods used in hospitals, hotels, sports, and personal care industries. However, there is an increasing public concern about the possible side effects of antibacterial finishing on environmental and biological systems. An ideal textile antibacterial finishing should not only kill undesirable microorganisms and stop the spread of diseases but also fulfill three other basic requirements (1). First, safety; the product should not be excessively toxic to human and the environment and should not cause skin allergy and irritation. Second, compatibility; the product must not present negative influences to textile properties or appearances and must be compatible with common textile processing. Third, durability; the product should be able to endure laundering,
Polymerization of methacrylic acid (MAA) was studied with respect to graft yield, homopolymer for... more Polymerization of methacrylic acid (MAA) was studied with respect to graft yield, homopolymer formation, total conversion and grafting efficiency. These polymerization criteria were found to depend largely on concentrations of KBrO 3 and MAA, pH of the polymerization medium, duration and temperature of polymerization. Applying the optimal conditions to different monomers, the rates of grafting followed the order: methylmethacrylate>methacrylic acid>methylacrylate>acrylonitrile>acrylic acid
Etude de l'influence du type et de la concentration de l'acide, de la concentration de KM... more Etude de l'influence du type et de la concentration de l'acide, de la concentration de KMnO 4 , de la duree et de la temperature de reaction sur le rendement de greffage de l'acide methacrylique. Comparaison du rendement de greffage dans les conditions optimales des acides acrylique et methacrylique, de l'acrylamide, de l'acrylonitrile, de l'acrylate et du methacrylate de methyle. Proposition de mecanisme
Egyptian Journal of Chemistry, 2019
Z irconia (ZrO2) is a noteworthy metal oxide because of its characteristics. It can be implemente... more Z irconia (ZrO2) is a noteworthy metal oxide because of its characteristics. It can be implemented in different applications; adsorption of pollutant, and photocatalytic oxidation. The main focus of this research was to synthesize ZrO2 from low cost and locally available materials; zircon. As well the preparation of ZrO2 was conducted at different temperature procedures. Characterization of prepared materials was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) which confirmed the production of homogeneous spherical crystalline ZrO2 compared with commercial ZrO2. Moreover, ZrO2-500 was examined for removal of dye using adsorption and photocatalytic activities. The removal adsorptive capacity of ZrO2-500 for red dye 195 was decreased from 37.1 to 2.2 mg/g with increasing dose up to 3 g/L. Meanwhile, red dye was removed with rate constant of 0.132-0.324 h-1 under solar simulator. Finally, zirconia was successively prepared from low cost materials with lower energy and materials consumption.
Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion, 2023
Polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite with Zn and Ni has been prepared by in situ polymerization of an... more Polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite with Zn and Ni has been prepared by in situ polymerization of aniline monomer in presence of Ni+2 and Zn+2 ions. The prepared nanocomposite (Ncomp) (PANI/Zn/Ni) has been characterized by spectrophotometric analysis via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra (UV–Vis). Morphological studies via scanning electron microscope SEM, particle size distribution PSD, as well as thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), have been investigated. Besides, the prepared (Ncomp) of different weight percentages wt% has been incorporated into water-based paint formulations for carbon steel protection. PSD analysis revealed that the particle size of the formed composite is on the nano-scale ranging between 60 and 160 nm. SEM analysis revealed that the Zn and Ni nanoparticles are quite dispersed into the polymer matrix as they appear in the form of bright spots and have been confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. TGA analysis for the Ncomp showed enhanced thermal stability than that of pure PANI. The corrosion inhibition performance of the painted films has been investigated by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy as well. The maximum average inhibition efficiency was found to be ranged from 92.8 to 99.4% for the paint of 9% wt% of Ncomp with fair mechanical properties. All measurements have been repeated three times for confirmation.
Digenea simplex (D. simplex), an Egyptian marine red macroalga, contains a diverse group of phyto... more Digenea simplex (D. simplex), an Egyptian marine red macroalga, contains a diverse group of phytochemicals with unique bioactivities. At the same time, the synthesis of nanosuspension (NS) has received increasing interest to optimize the technological aspects of drugs. Thence, the main objective of this work was to use the chloroform extract (ChlE) of D. simplex to prepare its nanosuspension (ChlE-NS) formulation to increase its aqueous solubility, thereby improving its bioactivity. By using FTIR, GC/MS analysis, and phytochemical screening assays, the chemical profiling of ChlE was assessed. NS was prepared by the antisolvent precipitation technique using 1.5% w/v polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). A light microscope, FTIR, particle size distribution, polydispersity index (PDI), and zeta potential (ZP) measurements was used to characterize the prepared NS. Four cancer cell lines were used in the MTT experiment to investigate the anticancer potential of ChlE and ChlE-NS. An apoptotic mechanism was established using acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) dual staining, DNA fragmentation, and increased caspase activity. ChlE and ChlE-NS were also evaluated as antioxidants using DPPH and ABTS free radical assays. The results showed that, when compared to ChlE, ChlE-NS had greater cytotoxic activity against the four cancer cell lines. However, results of antioxidant activity showed that ChlE-NS had an IC 50 of 36.86 ± 0.09 and 63.5 ± 0.47%, while ChlE had values of 39.90 ± 0.08 and 86.5 ± 0.8% in DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. Based on the results of this research, D. simplex ChlE-NS may be an effective strategy for enhancing ChlE's cytotoxic and antioxidant activities.
A novel maleate surfmer was synthesized through the esterification of alcohol ethoxylate ethylene... more A novel maleate surfmer was synthesized through the esterification of alcohol ethoxylate ethylene oxide propylene oxide (EO/PO) block copolymers with maleic anhydride. The structure of the non-ionic maleate ethoxylate surfmer was confirmed by mass spectrum analysis, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the prepared surfmer was found to be 0.0053mol/l whereas its polymerization reaction order was found to be (1.44) for vinyl acetate (VAc) and (1.3) for butyl acrylate (BuA). The volume average diameter Dv Ě… of poly (VAc) and poly (BuA) decreases with increasing surfmer concentration; however, the latter shows a slightly bigger particle size under the same conditions. The number of polymer particles (Nt) was found to increase with increasing surfmer concentration. When compared to poly (BuA), poly (VAc) has more defined and spherical particles. Increasing the surfactant concentration from 4.2 x 10-3 to 8.4 x 10-3 (mol/l) reduces the surface charge density of poly(BuA) and poly(VAc) from 115 to 81 and 85 to 36 microcolumb, respectively. Besides, Poly (BuA) shows greater surface charge density and greater stability than poly (VAc) at the same concentration. The obtained results recommend the use of prepared EO/PO maleate surfmer for the development of high-solid lattices of (VAc) homopolymer and poly(VAc/BuA) copolymers for superior adhesion, water resistance, and mechanical stability when compared with similar commercial types of wood adhesive and emulsion paint.
©2017 National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC) N this ample field of the 21st centur... more ©2017 National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC) N this ample field of the 21st century, is having an exceptionally critical effect on the world’s industry and people’s lives. This work aims to synthesis of fast green biogenic silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the ethanolic extracts of three Terminalia spices, namely, T. catapa (T.C), T. bellarica (T.B) and T. mellurie (T.M). AgNPs formed was affirmed by using UV–visible spectrophotometer with the characteristic SPR (Surface Plasmon Resonance) band at 424-430nm and by using FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) and TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Quantification of carbohydrates, total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and protein contents of these extracts was appraised since these constituents have effective dual roles for AgNPs synthesis. That is, they reduce Ag+ ions to Ag ̊ nanoparticles and thereafter they stabilize these particles. GC/MS analyses of these extracts were also done. The cotton fabrics ...
Asian Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 2018
Rice straw (RS) and rice husk (RH) were selected as a local agricultural residues for biopolymers... more Rice straw (RS) and rice husk (RH) were selected as a local agricultural residues for biopolymers (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) extraction using 2% alkaline sodium hydroxide at 90C for almost 3 hours. The extraction process was optimized by Taguchi experimental design method. Results revealed that cellulose was 54.6 % and 52.75 % in case of RS and RH, respectively. Separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) were done using Aspergilus niger crude enzymes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which statistically optimized with two experimental design models (Taguchi and PlacketBurman design). Maximum glucose yield from hydrolysis of the extracted cellulose RS (CRS) and cellulose RH (CRH) was 255 mg/g and 120 mg/g, respectively. Bioethanol yield from the obtained fermentable glucose of CRS and CRH were 231.8 mg/g and 269.4 mg/g, respectively. Extraction, hydrolysis and fermentation processes optimization can be an alternative sustainable development approach to utilize this abundant ag...
Pigment & Resin Technology, 2018
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to prepare ultra-violet (UV)-curable inkjet inks for textile... more Purpose The purpose of this paper is to prepare ultra-violet (UV)-curable inkjet inks for textile printing application. The influence of both type and component ratio of monomer/oligomer on the quality of the desired viscosity range is studied. Moreover, the effect of pigment/resin ratio on the rheological behaviour of the ink has been studied. Design/methodology/approach Aqueous dispersions of nanoscale organic pigments were prepared through ball milling and ultrasonication. The dispersed pigments were encapsulated into UV-curable resin via miniemulsion technique, using different types and component ratios of monomers and oligomers. Findings It was found that the monomer/oligomer ratio of 2:3 and the pigment/resin ratio of 2:1 gave the most stable miniemulsion dispersions and provided the most suitable rheological range for inkjet printing inks. Research limitations/implications As the rheology of the ink is optimised, most of the problems associated with the jetting process could ...
Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 1996
The cellulose thiocarbonate, in the fabric form, was treated first with a freshly prepared ferrou... more The cellulose thiocarbonate, in the fabric form, was treated first with a freshly prepared ferrous ammonium sulphate (FAS) solution. The so-treated fabric formed, with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS), an effective redox system capable of initiating grafting of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and other vinyl monomers onto the cotton fabric. The effect of the polymerization conditions on the polymer criteria, namely, graft yield, homopolymer, total conversion, and grafting efficiency, was studied. These polymer criteria were found to depend extensively upon concentrations of the Fe 2+ ion (activator), NBS (initiator), and MMA ; pH of the polymerization medium, and duration and temperature of polymerization. Based on detailed investigation of these factors, the optimal conditions for grafting were as follows : Fe 2+ , 1 X 10 -3 mol/L ; NBS, 1 X 10 -2 mol/L ; MMA, 4% ; pH, 2 ; polymerization time, 150 min ; polymerization temperature, 60°C ; material/liquor ratio, 1 : 100. Under these optimal conditions, the rates of grafting of different vinyl monomers were in the following sequence : methyl methacrylate >> methyl acrylate > acrylonitrile. Other vinyl monomers, namely, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid have no ability to he grafted to the cellulosic fabric using the said redox system. A tentative mechanism for the polymerization reaction is suggested.
Chemical Papers
Nanotechnology has a real-world impact on every aspect of life. Many researchers have been drawn ... more Nanotechnology has a real-world impact on every aspect of life. Many researchers have been drawn to the biosynthesis of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles (Au-NPs and SPIONS) because they have a wide range of life applications. In this work, a single-step environmentally friendly biosynthesis of Au-NPs and SPIONS is reported by reducing solutions of gold aureate and ferric chloride is reported for the first time using the hydroethanolic extract (HEE) of Salvia officinalis (S. officinalis), an edible plant found in Egypt. The phytochemicals present in HEE were responsible for the reduction as well as stabilization of these nanoparticles. Before using the HEE, it was phytochemically screened for its constituents. Qualitatively, the HEE was found to have comparable levels of phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, proteins, carbohydrates, terpenoids, steroids, and polysaccharides. Quantitatively, total phenolics (236.91 ± 2.15 mg GAE/g extract), flavonoids (91.38 ± 0.97 mg QE/g extract), tannin...
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2022
Polymer Bulletin, 2017
In this work, nanoparticle vermiculite clay was prepared by acid treated with hydrochloric acid a... more In this work, nanoparticle vermiculite clay was prepared by acid treated with hydrochloric acid at room temperature for and dried at 300°C for different time intervals. The untreated (VMT) and acid-treated (DVMT) vermiculite clay were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), FT-IR, and transmission electron microscopy. The DVMT and maleic anhydride (MA) at different concentrations (parts per hundred of rubber) were mixed with styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) to obtain SBR/DVMT/MA nanocomposites. The SBR/VMT composites and SBR nanocomposites were subjected to gamma irradiation at different doses from 25 to 150 kGy. As a comparison, the gamma-irradiated SBR composites with VMT and nanocomposites with DVMT/MA were characterized in terms of XRD, physicochemical and thermal properties. The results indicated that the incorporation of DVMT nanoparticles and MA improved the physico-chemical and thermal properties of the SBR/clay nanocomposite. The improvement was achieved when the contents of both DVMT and MA were 10 phr and irradiation dose of 100 kGy.
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Papers by Magdy K . Zahran