Recently Vehicular Ad Hoc NE evolved to a rather more application a infrastructure referred to as... more Recently Vehicular Ad Hoc NE evolved to a rather more application a infrastructure referred to as VANET-based clo initial deployment stage of VANET is going to lack of proper infrastructure. In this pape predictability of time and space of the publi scenario, we use these buses as mobile gateway on the road, VANET authorities, and cloud in consider data aggregation as a use-case for our where buses collect beacons and service reque and send it to cloud, whereas cloud provides s through buses. Additionally a real-time r considered in Seoul, South Korea where the pu perfect connectivity among other vehicles.
The foreseen dream of reliable, safe, and comfortable driving experience is yet to become reality... more The foreseen dream of reliable, safe, and comfortable driving experience is yet to become reality since automobile industries are testing their waters for VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc NETwork) deployment. But nevertheless, security and privacy issues have been the root cause of hindrance in VANET deployment. Recently, VANET evolved to VANETbased clouds as a result of resources-rich high-end cars. Soon after, Hussain et al. defined different architectural frameworks for VANET-based clouds. In this paper, we aim at a specific framework namely VuC (VANET using Clouds) where VANET and CC (Cloud Computing) cooperate with each other in order to provide VANET users (more precisely subscribers) with services. We propose a lightweight privacy-aware revocation and route tracing mechanism for VuC. Beacons broadcasted by vehicles are stored in cloud infrastructure as cooperation from VANET and after processing, cloud provides VANET subscribers with services. Revocation authorities can revoke and trace the path taken by the target node for a specified timespan by exploiting the beacons stored in the cloud. Our proposed scheme is secure, preserves conditional privacy, and is computationally less expensive than the previously proposed schemes.
In the recent past, a new concept termed as VANETbased clouds evolved from traditional VANET inco... more In the recent past, a new concept termed as VANETbased clouds evolved from traditional VANET incorporating both VANET and cloud computing technologies in order to provide vehicle drivers, passengers, and consumers with safe, reliable, and infotainment-rich services while driving on the roads. In this paper, we use a framework of VANET-based clouds proposed by Hussain et al. namely VuC (VANET using Clouds) and define another layer TIaaS (Traffic Information as a Service) atop the cloud computing stack. TIaaS layer provides vehicular nodes (more precisely subscribers) with fine-grained traffic information in a secure way. Additionally our proposed scheme provides security, privacy, and conditional anonymity which are of prime concern in VANET clouds.
Mobile cloud computing is getting popular in recent years because of the advancement in the field... more Mobile cloud computing is getting popular in recent years because of the advancement in the field of telecommunication. It not only provides a cheap solution for processing and storage of a user's data remotely but also provides services like Location based services. These services can be described as a class of computer program level services which facilitate users by providing them with various types of information based on their location. These informative services provided by Location based services are used in various contexts which include health, entertainment, parcel and vehicle tracking as well as social life to name a few. On the other hand protecting user's location's privacy is a significant challenge to the Mobile world. The Location based service provider faces privacy issues when mobile user provides his/her current location and anyone can trace his/her activities. In this paper we present a homomorphic encryption based scheme to preserve location privacy of user while still getting location based services anonymously. Our partial encryption scheme for location data not only attempts to reduce encrypted data sent to location based service provider but also minimizes its processing.
In the recent past, a new concept termed as VANETbased clouds evolved from traditional VANET inco... more In the recent past, a new concept termed as VANETbased clouds evolved from traditional VANET incorporating both VANET and cloud computing technologies in order to provide vehicle drivers, passengers, and consumers with safe, reliable, and infotainment-rich services while driving on the roads. In this paper, we use a framework of VANET-based clouds proposed by Hussain et al. namely VuC (VANET using Clouds) and define another layer TIaaS (Traffic Information as a Service) atop the cloud computing stack. TIaaS layer provides vehicular nodes (more precisely subscribers) with fine-grained traffic information in a secure way. Additionally our proposed scheme provides security, privacy, and conditional anonymity which are of prime concern in VANET clouds.
Nowadays mobile users are using a popular service called Location-Based
Services (LBS). LBS is ve... more Nowadays mobile users are using a popular service called Location-Based Services (LBS). LBS is very helpful for a mobile user in finding various Point of Interests (POIs) in their vicinity. To get these services, users must provide their personal information, such as user identity or current location, which severely risks the location privacy of the user. Many researchers are developing schemes that enable a user to use these LBS services anonymously, but these approaches have some limitations (i.e., either the privacy prevention mechanism is weak or the cost of the solution is too much). As such, we are presenting a robust scheme for mobile users that allows them to use LBS anonymously. Our scheme involves a client side application that interacts with an untrusted LBS server to find the nearest POI for a service required by a user. The scheme is not only efficient in its approach, but is also very practical with respect to the computations that are done on a client’s resource constrained device. With our scheme, not only can a client anonymously use LBS without any use of a trusted third party, but also a server’s database is completely secure from the client. We performed experiments by developing and testing an Android-based client side smartphone application to support our argument.
Bitcoin has emerged as a popular crypto currency. It was introduced in 2008 by Satoshi Nakamoto (... more Bitcoin has emerged as a popular crypto currency. It was introduced in 2008 by Satoshi Nakamoto (A pseudonym). The reasons for its popularity include its decentralized nature, double spending prevention, smart strategy to counter inflation and providing a certain degree of anonymity. In February 2014, Bitcoin community was shocked to know that a Japan based company named Mt. Gox who, were dealing 70 percent of Bitcoin transactions that time, announced that they were hit by a bug in the Bitcoin protocol named as Transaction Malleability. The company lost hundreds of millions of dollars worth bitcoin. Soon after this, another company SilkRoad 2 also claimed to have affected by same issue. To date there is little research literature available on this recent issue and it is hard to grasp this problem. The purpose of writing this paper is twofold. We discuss Transaction Malleability in detail with respect to the structure of Bitcoin transactions in order to make reader properly understands what Transaction Malleability is and how it works. We also propose a mechanism to counter this issue.
2014 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE), 2014
Recently Vehicular Ad Hoc NE evolved to a rather more application a infrastructure referred to as... more Recently Vehicular Ad Hoc NE evolved to a rather more application a infrastructure referred to as VANET-based clo initial deployment stage of VANET is going to lack of proper infrastructure. In this pape predictability of time and space of the publi scenario, we use these buses as mobile gateway on the road, VANET authorities, and cloud in consider data aggregation as a use-case for our where buses collect beacons and service reque and send it to cloud, whereas cloud provides s through buses. Additionally a real-time r considered in Seoul, South Korea where the pu perfect connectivity among other vehicles.
2013 IEEE/ACM 6th International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing, 2013
Mobile cloud computing (MCC) is an emerging trend which combines the benefits of cloud computing ... more Mobile cloud computing (MCC) is an emerging trend which combines the benefits of cloud computing with the mobile devices. This new technology not only offers tremendous computing power and storage to the mobile devices with limited processing and storage capabilities but also increases the affordability and reliability. Despite providing various benefits, MCC is still in its early stages in providing trust guarantees to a user. Location-Based Services (LBS), on the other hand, are those services which operate on a users location to provide him/her services such as finding nearby restaurants, hospitals, bus terminal and ATMs, to name a few. While a users location is mandatory for LBS to work, it imposes serious threats to the users privacy. In this paper we propose a privacy preserving cloud-based computing architecture for using location-based services. On one hand, our architecture provides a secure mechanism for using LBS services anonymously while on the other hand it utilizes untrusted but fast and reliable cloud services for its implementation in an efficient and effective manner. Moreover, we provide various attack scenarios and show that how our architecture preserves the privacy of the user and is difficult to compromise.
2013 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science, 2013
Technological advancements in mobile technology and cloud computing open the door for another par... more Technological advancements in mobile technology and cloud computing open the door for another paradigm known as Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC). This integration of cloud computing and mobile technology gives numerous facilities to a mobile user, such as the ubiquitous availability of Location Based Services (LBS). The utilization of these LBS services require the knowledge of a user's location, hence threatens the privacy of a user. In this paper we take advantages of ultra-fast processing and reliability of cloud computing and aim to solve the privacy threat issue faced by a mobile user while getting LBS services. We propose a model that utilizes a cloud based server which helps in making of a cloaking region. We highlight that how our model utilizes an untrusted cloud based server and eliminates the use of a trusted anonymizer while providing LBS services to a user securely and anonymously.
2013 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science, 2013
Inspired by the dramatic evolution of VANETclouds, this paper proposes a new VANET-cloud service ... more Inspired by the dramatic evolution of VANETclouds, this paper proposes a new VANET-cloud service called VWaaS (Vehicle Witnesses as a Service) in which vehicles moving on the road serve as anonymous witnesses of designated events such as a terrorist attack or a deadly accident. When confronted the events, a group of vehicles with mounted cameras collaborate with roadside stationary cameras to take pictures of the site of interest (SoI) around them, and send the pictures to the cloud infrastructure anonymously. The pictures are sent to the cloud in a way that the privacy of the senders can be protected, and kept by the cloud for future investigation. However, for the case that the pictures are used as an evidence of court trial, we made the privacy protection to be conditional and thus can be revoked by authorized entity(s) if necessary.
2013 IEEE 9th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), 2013
The foreseen dream of reliable, safe, and comfortable driving experience is yet to become reality... more The foreseen dream of reliable, safe, and comfortable driving experience is yet to become reality since automobile industries are testing their waters for VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc NETwork) deployment. But nevertheless, security and privacy issues have been the root cause of hindrance in VANET deployment. Recently, VANET evolved to VANETbased clouds as a result of resources-rich high-end cars. Soon after, Hussain et al. defined different architectural frameworks for VANET-based clouds. In this paper, we aim at a specific framework namely VuC (VANET using Clouds) where VANET and CC (Cloud Computing) cooperate with each other in order to provide VANET users (more precisely subscribers) with services. We propose a lightweight privacy-aware revocation and route tracing mechanism for VuC. Beacons broadcasted by vehicles are stored in cloud infrastructure as cooperation from VANET and after processing, cloud provides VANET subscribers with services. Revocation authorities can revoke and trace the path taken by the target node for a specified timespan by exploiting the beacons stored in the cloud. Our proposed scheme is secure, preserves conditional privacy, and is computationally less expensive than the previously proposed schemes.
Due to the rapid growth of online social networking and mobile devices, proximity based mobile so... more Due to the rapid growth of online social networking and mobile devices, proximity based mobile social networks (PMSN) are gaining increasing popularity. PMSN refers to the social interaction among physically proximate mobile users where they directly communicate through Bluetooth/Wi-Fi. In PMSN, while making friends, users match their profiles in accordance with their interests. In this regard, preserving a user's privacy is crucial during profile matching. Users use their profiles for matching. An attacker in user's near proximity can learn these profiles' values. This poses significant threat to a user's privacy. In this regard, we propose a protocol to preserve user's sensitive information. During discovery of friends in our protocol we use a broker that is an intermediate entity between interacting mobile users. Our protocol does not require trustworthy broker and hence no valuable information is given to broker that can cause a privacy threat. For secure computations paillier encryption has been used in our protocol. Furthermore, we implement and analyze our protocol to show its acceptable computational and communication cost.
Recently Vehicular Ad Hoc NE evolved to a rather more application a infrastructure referred to as... more Recently Vehicular Ad Hoc NE evolved to a rather more application a infrastructure referred to as VANET-based clo initial deployment stage of VANET is going to lack of proper infrastructure. In this pape predictability of time and space of the publi scenario, we use these buses as mobile gateway on the road, VANET authorities, and cloud in consider data aggregation as a use-case for our where buses collect beacons and service reque and send it to cloud, whereas cloud provides s through buses. Additionally a real-time r considered in Seoul, South Korea where the pu perfect connectivity among other vehicles.
The foreseen dream of reliable, safe, and comfortable driving experience is yet to become reality... more The foreseen dream of reliable, safe, and comfortable driving experience is yet to become reality since automobile industries are testing their waters for VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc NETwork) deployment. But nevertheless, security and privacy issues have been the root cause of hindrance in VANET deployment. Recently, VANET evolved to VANETbased clouds as a result of resources-rich high-end cars. Soon after, Hussain et al. defined different architectural frameworks for VANET-based clouds. In this paper, we aim at a specific framework namely VuC (VANET using Clouds) where VANET and CC (Cloud Computing) cooperate with each other in order to provide VANET users (more precisely subscribers) with services. We propose a lightweight privacy-aware revocation and route tracing mechanism for VuC. Beacons broadcasted by vehicles are stored in cloud infrastructure as cooperation from VANET and after processing, cloud provides VANET subscribers with services. Revocation authorities can revoke and trace the path taken by the target node for a specified timespan by exploiting the beacons stored in the cloud. Our proposed scheme is secure, preserves conditional privacy, and is computationally less expensive than the previously proposed schemes.
In the recent past, a new concept termed as VANETbased clouds evolved from traditional VANET inco... more In the recent past, a new concept termed as VANETbased clouds evolved from traditional VANET incorporating both VANET and cloud computing technologies in order to provide vehicle drivers, passengers, and consumers with safe, reliable, and infotainment-rich services while driving on the roads. In this paper, we use a framework of VANET-based clouds proposed by Hussain et al. namely VuC (VANET using Clouds) and define another layer TIaaS (Traffic Information as a Service) atop the cloud computing stack. TIaaS layer provides vehicular nodes (more precisely subscribers) with fine-grained traffic information in a secure way. Additionally our proposed scheme provides security, privacy, and conditional anonymity which are of prime concern in VANET clouds.
Mobile cloud computing is getting popular in recent years because of the advancement in the field... more Mobile cloud computing is getting popular in recent years because of the advancement in the field of telecommunication. It not only provides a cheap solution for processing and storage of a user's data remotely but also provides services like Location based services. These services can be described as a class of computer program level services which facilitate users by providing them with various types of information based on their location. These informative services provided by Location based services are used in various contexts which include health, entertainment, parcel and vehicle tracking as well as social life to name a few. On the other hand protecting user's location's privacy is a significant challenge to the Mobile world. The Location based service provider faces privacy issues when mobile user provides his/her current location and anyone can trace his/her activities. In this paper we present a homomorphic encryption based scheme to preserve location privacy of user while still getting location based services anonymously. Our partial encryption scheme for location data not only attempts to reduce encrypted data sent to location based service provider but also minimizes its processing.
In the recent past, a new concept termed as VANETbased clouds evolved from traditional VANET inco... more In the recent past, a new concept termed as VANETbased clouds evolved from traditional VANET incorporating both VANET and cloud computing technologies in order to provide vehicle drivers, passengers, and consumers with safe, reliable, and infotainment-rich services while driving on the roads. In this paper, we use a framework of VANET-based clouds proposed by Hussain et al. namely VuC (VANET using Clouds) and define another layer TIaaS (Traffic Information as a Service) atop the cloud computing stack. TIaaS layer provides vehicular nodes (more precisely subscribers) with fine-grained traffic information in a secure way. Additionally our proposed scheme provides security, privacy, and conditional anonymity which are of prime concern in VANET clouds.
Nowadays mobile users are using a popular service called Location-Based
Services (LBS). LBS is ve... more Nowadays mobile users are using a popular service called Location-Based Services (LBS). LBS is very helpful for a mobile user in finding various Point of Interests (POIs) in their vicinity. To get these services, users must provide their personal information, such as user identity or current location, which severely risks the location privacy of the user. Many researchers are developing schemes that enable a user to use these LBS services anonymously, but these approaches have some limitations (i.e., either the privacy prevention mechanism is weak or the cost of the solution is too much). As such, we are presenting a robust scheme for mobile users that allows them to use LBS anonymously. Our scheme involves a client side application that interacts with an untrusted LBS server to find the nearest POI for a service required by a user. The scheme is not only efficient in its approach, but is also very practical with respect to the computations that are done on a client’s resource constrained device. With our scheme, not only can a client anonymously use LBS without any use of a trusted third party, but also a server’s database is completely secure from the client. We performed experiments by developing and testing an Android-based client side smartphone application to support our argument.
Bitcoin has emerged as a popular crypto currency. It was introduced in 2008 by Satoshi Nakamoto (... more Bitcoin has emerged as a popular crypto currency. It was introduced in 2008 by Satoshi Nakamoto (A pseudonym). The reasons for its popularity include its decentralized nature, double spending prevention, smart strategy to counter inflation and providing a certain degree of anonymity. In February 2014, Bitcoin community was shocked to know that a Japan based company named Mt. Gox who, were dealing 70 percent of Bitcoin transactions that time, announced that they were hit by a bug in the Bitcoin protocol named as Transaction Malleability. The company lost hundreds of millions of dollars worth bitcoin. Soon after this, another company SilkRoad 2 also claimed to have affected by same issue. To date there is little research literature available on this recent issue and it is hard to grasp this problem. The purpose of writing this paper is twofold. We discuss Transaction Malleability in detail with respect to the structure of Bitcoin transactions in order to make reader properly understands what Transaction Malleability is and how it works. We also propose a mechanism to counter this issue.
2014 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE), 2014
Recently Vehicular Ad Hoc NE evolved to a rather more application a infrastructure referred to as... more Recently Vehicular Ad Hoc NE evolved to a rather more application a infrastructure referred to as VANET-based clo initial deployment stage of VANET is going to lack of proper infrastructure. In this pape predictability of time and space of the publi scenario, we use these buses as mobile gateway on the road, VANET authorities, and cloud in consider data aggregation as a use-case for our where buses collect beacons and service reque and send it to cloud, whereas cloud provides s through buses. Additionally a real-time r considered in Seoul, South Korea where the pu perfect connectivity among other vehicles.
2013 IEEE/ACM 6th International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing, 2013
Mobile cloud computing (MCC) is an emerging trend which combines the benefits of cloud computing ... more Mobile cloud computing (MCC) is an emerging trend which combines the benefits of cloud computing with the mobile devices. This new technology not only offers tremendous computing power and storage to the mobile devices with limited processing and storage capabilities but also increases the affordability and reliability. Despite providing various benefits, MCC is still in its early stages in providing trust guarantees to a user. Location-Based Services (LBS), on the other hand, are those services which operate on a users location to provide him/her services such as finding nearby restaurants, hospitals, bus terminal and ATMs, to name a few. While a users location is mandatory for LBS to work, it imposes serious threats to the users privacy. In this paper we propose a privacy preserving cloud-based computing architecture for using location-based services. On one hand, our architecture provides a secure mechanism for using LBS services anonymously while on the other hand it utilizes untrusted but fast and reliable cloud services for its implementation in an efficient and effective manner. Moreover, we provide various attack scenarios and show that how our architecture preserves the privacy of the user and is difficult to compromise.
2013 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science, 2013
Technological advancements in mobile technology and cloud computing open the door for another par... more Technological advancements in mobile technology and cloud computing open the door for another paradigm known as Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC). This integration of cloud computing and mobile technology gives numerous facilities to a mobile user, such as the ubiquitous availability of Location Based Services (LBS). The utilization of these LBS services require the knowledge of a user's location, hence threatens the privacy of a user. In this paper we take advantages of ultra-fast processing and reliability of cloud computing and aim to solve the privacy threat issue faced by a mobile user while getting LBS services. We propose a model that utilizes a cloud based server which helps in making of a cloaking region. We highlight that how our model utilizes an untrusted cloud based server and eliminates the use of a trusted anonymizer while providing LBS services to a user securely and anonymously.
2013 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science, 2013
Inspired by the dramatic evolution of VANETclouds, this paper proposes a new VANET-cloud service ... more Inspired by the dramatic evolution of VANETclouds, this paper proposes a new VANET-cloud service called VWaaS (Vehicle Witnesses as a Service) in which vehicles moving on the road serve as anonymous witnesses of designated events such as a terrorist attack or a deadly accident. When confronted the events, a group of vehicles with mounted cameras collaborate with roadside stationary cameras to take pictures of the site of interest (SoI) around them, and send the pictures to the cloud infrastructure anonymously. The pictures are sent to the cloud in a way that the privacy of the senders can be protected, and kept by the cloud for future investigation. However, for the case that the pictures are used as an evidence of court trial, we made the privacy protection to be conditional and thus can be revoked by authorized entity(s) if necessary.
2013 IEEE 9th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob), 2013
The foreseen dream of reliable, safe, and comfortable driving experience is yet to become reality... more The foreseen dream of reliable, safe, and comfortable driving experience is yet to become reality since automobile industries are testing their waters for VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc NETwork) deployment. But nevertheless, security and privacy issues have been the root cause of hindrance in VANET deployment. Recently, VANET evolved to VANETbased clouds as a result of resources-rich high-end cars. Soon after, Hussain et al. defined different architectural frameworks for VANET-based clouds. In this paper, we aim at a specific framework namely VuC (VANET using Clouds) where VANET and CC (Cloud Computing) cooperate with each other in order to provide VANET users (more precisely subscribers) with services. We propose a lightweight privacy-aware revocation and route tracing mechanism for VuC. Beacons broadcasted by vehicles are stored in cloud infrastructure as cooperation from VANET and after processing, cloud provides VANET subscribers with services. Revocation authorities can revoke and trace the path taken by the target node for a specified timespan by exploiting the beacons stored in the cloud. Our proposed scheme is secure, preserves conditional privacy, and is computationally less expensive than the previously proposed schemes.
Due to the rapid growth of online social networking and mobile devices, proximity based mobile so... more Due to the rapid growth of online social networking and mobile devices, proximity based mobile social networks (PMSN) are gaining increasing popularity. PMSN refers to the social interaction among physically proximate mobile users where they directly communicate through Bluetooth/Wi-Fi. In PMSN, while making friends, users match their profiles in accordance with their interests. In this regard, preserving a user's privacy is crucial during profile matching. Users use their profiles for matching. An attacker in user's near proximity can learn these profiles' values. This poses significant threat to a user's privacy. In this regard, we propose a protocol to preserve user's sensitive information. During discovery of friends in our protocol we use a broker that is an intermediate entity between interacting mobile users. Our protocol does not require trustworthy broker and hence no valuable information is given to broker that can cause a privacy threat. For secure computations paillier encryption has been used in our protocol. Furthermore, we implement and analyze our protocol to show its acceptable computational and communication cost.
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Papers by fizza abbas
Services (LBS). LBS is very helpful for a mobile user in finding various Point of Interests
(POIs) in their vicinity. To get these services, users must provide their personal information,
such as user identity or current location, which severely risks the location privacy of the
user. Many researchers are developing schemes that enable a user to use these LBS
services anonymously, but these approaches have some limitations (i.e., either the
privacy prevention mechanism is weak or the cost of the solution is too much). As such,
we are presenting a robust scheme for mobile users that allows them to use LBS
anonymously. Our scheme involves a client side application that interacts with an
untrusted LBS server to find the nearest POI for a service required by a user. The
scheme is not only efficient in its approach, but is also very practical with respect to the
computations that are done on a client’s resource constrained device. With our scheme,
not only can a client anonymously use LBS without any use of a trusted third party, but
also a server’s database is completely secure from the client. We performed experiments
by developing and testing an Android-based client side smartphone application to
support our argument.
Services (LBS). LBS is very helpful for a mobile user in finding various Point of Interests
(POIs) in their vicinity. To get these services, users must provide their personal information,
such as user identity or current location, which severely risks the location privacy of the
user. Many researchers are developing schemes that enable a user to use these LBS
services anonymously, but these approaches have some limitations (i.e., either the
privacy prevention mechanism is weak or the cost of the solution is too much). As such,
we are presenting a robust scheme for mobile users that allows them to use LBS
anonymously. Our scheme involves a client side application that interacts with an
untrusted LBS server to find the nearest POI for a service required by a user. The
scheme is not only efficient in its approach, but is also very practical with respect to the
computations that are done on a client’s resource constrained device. With our scheme,
not only can a client anonymously use LBS without any use of a trusted third party, but
also a server’s database is completely secure from the client. We performed experiments
by developing and testing an Android-based client side smartphone application to
support our argument.