Enhancing the worship experience: a quantitative approach to the Şehzade and Süleymaniye discussion, 2024
Süleyman I and Mimar Sinan stand as influential figures of the Ottoman Empire, leaving an indelib... more Süleyman I and Mimar Sinan stand as influential figures of the Ottoman Empire, leaving an indelible mark on Istanbul’s cultural and architectural landscape. Built by Sinan for Süleyman the Magnificent, Şehzade Mehmed and Süleymaniye Mosques in particular have been subjects of debate. S¸ ehzade is described by many scholars as a peak in sixteenth century Ottoman architecture, whilst Süleymaniye, built shortly after, is viewed as an architectural regression. This article investigates the transition from the symmetrical quatrefoil scheme of Şehzade to Süleymaniye’s basilica-like design with quantitative methods, based on certain design principles. Spatial perception, visibility, and daylight analyses were conducted on models and plan drawings based on 3D point cloud data obtained from terrestrial laser scanning. Spatial perception analyses suggest that Sinan intended to influence users’ perception with the formation of the superstructure. Resulting visibility levels of certain focal points in the sanctum area prove how they were pivotal in the design process. Finally, daylight analyses results indicate how daylight was also a significant design criterion for Sinan. Ultimately, the study demonstrates that Süleymaniye’s floor plan is an improved design addressing the spatial issues that exist in S ¸ ehzade, highlighting Mimar Sinan’s effort to enhance the worship experience.
VII. UZAKTAN ALGILAMA VE CBS SEMPOZYUMU UZAL-CBS2018, 2018
Gelişen teknoloji sayesinde ortaya çıkan ileri teknoloji belgeleme yöntemleri, kültürel mirasın b... more Gelişen teknoloji sayesinde ortaya çıkan ileri teknoloji belgeleme yöntemleri, kültürel mirasın belgelenmesinde öne çıkmaktadır. Bu yöntemlerin sağladığı hız ve hassasiyet, konvansiyonel yöntemlerin pek çok olumsuz etkisini ortadan kaldırılmasının yanı sıra kısa sürede çok fazla veri toplanmasını da kolaylaştırmaktadır. Ancak bu ileri teknoloji belgeleme yöntemlerinin tek başlarına yetersiz kaldığı durumlar da söz konusudur. Her belgeleme yönteminin kendine göre avantaj ve dezavantajları bulunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, örnek bir bina için, insansız hava aracı verilerinden üretilen nokta bulutları ile yersel lazer tarayıcıdan üretilen nokta bulutunun entegrasyonu yapılmış ve sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak doğru uzaktan algılama sistemlerinin bir arada kullanılması ile elde edilen verilerden üretilen bütüncül modellerin, kültür varlıklarının belgelenmesinde önemli eksiklikleri karşıladığı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Cultural heritage is the most important bridge of mankind, between past and future which has an e... more Cultural heritage is the most important bridge of mankind, between past and future which has an enlightening attribute on a society’s development and perspective. As long as their values are appreciated, they will continue living as a guide and inspirational resources. Anatolia is one of the leading regions for cultural heritage. Due to its location, many civilizations used it as a homeland and hosted many cultural heritage. However, necessary precautions are not taken for protecting the cultural heritage which is becoming obsolete and worn out day by day. For its protection, restoration is needed and in order to carry the cultural heritage to the future and documentation is needed with modern advanced documentation techniques. The greatest advantage of the recent technological developments enables us to prepare the most precise and accurate documentation. Precise and accurate documentation is not only important for carrying the cultural heritage and historical structures to the fut...
International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences, 2024
Terrestrial laser scanners UAV Photogrammetry Architectural documentation Non-invasive survey met... more Terrestrial laser scanners UAV Photogrammetry Architectural documentation Non-invasive survey methods Architectural documentation not only plays a critical role in the conservation of historical structures, but also enables their detailed comprehension of the structure. This study aims to assess the most effective methods for drawing and modeling architectural structures and present their advantages and disadvantages. Measurements play a significant role in this context, and today's technology offers the potential to accelerate this process and enhance accuracy. However, the application of these technologies can impose additional burdens such as elevated expenses, the requisite for specialized personnel, and the management of substantial data volumes. Therefore, determining the appropriate measurement method in line with the quality of architectural documentation is essential. For this study, the Mosque of Kurşunlu Complex in Eskişehir was selected for its historical and topographical attributes which enabled all methods to be examined. The data produced via terrestrial laser scanning, aerial photogrammetry and terrestrial photogrammetry methods were examined in terms of the production of drawings and models for different analysis methods such as structure, daylight and building acoustics, as well as survey drawings required for the architectural documentation processes of the building. The study concluded that no single method could produce holistic data on its own, and the best results for comprehensive documentation were achieved by integrating terrestrial laser scanning and aerial photogrammetry. Furthermore, for products that do not require comprehensive data, photogrammetric methods were more efficient.
Hacettepe University Journal of Faculty of Letters, 2023
In the literature of Ottoman architecture, mosques are often classified according to the ceilings... more In the literature of Ottoman architecture, mosques are often classified according to the ceilings. Especially in periods such as the period of Mimar Sinan, these classifications are diversified according to the number of columns, dome supports, their directions and transition elements to the dome. It is seen that the squinch, which is a frequently preferred transition element in early Ottoman architecture, is an ongoing definition problem. It is thought that this confusion may lead to incorrect results in the classifications or analyses to be made. In this study, the definition problems of the squinch were investigated and its place in the Mimar Sinan period was examined. In this context, first, the origin of the squinch, its working principle and its difference from other transitional elements were revealed, definitions in the literature and plan drawings were investigated. The descriptive errors in the drawings were compared with the sections taken from the pointclouds obtained using a laser scanner. In the light of these results, it has been tried to reveal that the squinch-transitive structures should be evaluated as a separate type among Mimar Sinan structures and that the use of can be evaluated within the scope of the concept of "historical approach".
Enhancing the worship experience: a quantitative approach to the Şehzade and Süleymaniye discussion, 2024
Süleyman I and Mimar Sinan stand as influential figures of the Ottoman Empire, leaving an indelib... more Süleyman I and Mimar Sinan stand as influential figures of the Ottoman Empire, leaving an indelible mark on Istanbul’s cultural and architectural landscape. Built by Sinan for Süleyman the Magnificent, Şehzade Mehmed and Süleymaniye Mosques in particular have been subjects of debate. S¸ ehzade is described by many scholars as a peak in sixteenth century Ottoman architecture, whilst Süleymaniye, built shortly after, is viewed as an architectural regression. This article investigates the transition from the symmetrical quatrefoil scheme of Şehzade to Süleymaniye’s basilica-like design with quantitative methods, based on certain design principles. Spatial perception, visibility, and daylight analyses were conducted on models and plan drawings based on 3D point cloud data obtained from terrestrial laser scanning. Spatial perception analyses suggest that Sinan intended to influence users’ perception with the formation of the superstructure. Resulting visibility levels of certain focal points in the sanctum area prove how they were pivotal in the design process. Finally, daylight analyses results indicate how daylight was also a significant design criterion for Sinan. Ultimately, the study demonstrates that Süleymaniye’s floor plan is an improved design addressing the spatial issues that exist in S ¸ ehzade, highlighting Mimar Sinan’s effort to enhance the worship experience.
VII. UZAKTAN ALGILAMA VE CBS SEMPOZYUMU UZAL-CBS2018, 2018
Gelişen teknoloji sayesinde ortaya çıkan ileri teknoloji belgeleme yöntemleri, kültürel mirasın b... more Gelişen teknoloji sayesinde ortaya çıkan ileri teknoloji belgeleme yöntemleri, kültürel mirasın belgelenmesinde öne çıkmaktadır. Bu yöntemlerin sağladığı hız ve hassasiyet, konvansiyonel yöntemlerin pek çok olumsuz etkisini ortadan kaldırılmasının yanı sıra kısa sürede çok fazla veri toplanmasını da kolaylaştırmaktadır. Ancak bu ileri teknoloji belgeleme yöntemlerinin tek başlarına yetersiz kaldığı durumlar da söz konusudur. Her belgeleme yönteminin kendine göre avantaj ve dezavantajları bulunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, örnek bir bina için, insansız hava aracı verilerinden üretilen nokta bulutları ile yersel lazer tarayıcıdan üretilen nokta bulutunun entegrasyonu yapılmış ve sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak doğru uzaktan algılama sistemlerinin bir arada kullanılması ile elde edilen verilerden üretilen bütüncül modellerin, kültür varlıklarının belgelenmesinde önemli eksiklikleri karşıladığı ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.
Cultural heritage is the most important bridge of mankind, between past and future which has an e... more Cultural heritage is the most important bridge of mankind, between past and future which has an enlightening attribute on a society’s development and perspective. As long as their values are appreciated, they will continue living as a guide and inspirational resources. Anatolia is one of the leading regions for cultural heritage. Due to its location, many civilizations used it as a homeland and hosted many cultural heritage. However, necessary precautions are not taken for protecting the cultural heritage which is becoming obsolete and worn out day by day. For its protection, restoration is needed and in order to carry the cultural heritage to the future and documentation is needed with modern advanced documentation techniques. The greatest advantage of the recent technological developments enables us to prepare the most precise and accurate documentation. Precise and accurate documentation is not only important for carrying the cultural heritage and historical structures to the fut...
International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences, 2024
Terrestrial laser scanners UAV Photogrammetry Architectural documentation Non-invasive survey met... more Terrestrial laser scanners UAV Photogrammetry Architectural documentation Non-invasive survey methods Architectural documentation not only plays a critical role in the conservation of historical structures, but also enables their detailed comprehension of the structure. This study aims to assess the most effective methods for drawing and modeling architectural structures and present their advantages and disadvantages. Measurements play a significant role in this context, and today's technology offers the potential to accelerate this process and enhance accuracy. However, the application of these technologies can impose additional burdens such as elevated expenses, the requisite for specialized personnel, and the management of substantial data volumes. Therefore, determining the appropriate measurement method in line with the quality of architectural documentation is essential. For this study, the Mosque of Kurşunlu Complex in Eskişehir was selected for its historical and topographical attributes which enabled all methods to be examined. The data produced via terrestrial laser scanning, aerial photogrammetry and terrestrial photogrammetry methods were examined in terms of the production of drawings and models for different analysis methods such as structure, daylight and building acoustics, as well as survey drawings required for the architectural documentation processes of the building. The study concluded that no single method could produce holistic data on its own, and the best results for comprehensive documentation were achieved by integrating terrestrial laser scanning and aerial photogrammetry. Furthermore, for products that do not require comprehensive data, photogrammetric methods were more efficient.
Hacettepe University Journal of Faculty of Letters, 2023
In the literature of Ottoman architecture, mosques are often classified according to the ceilings... more In the literature of Ottoman architecture, mosques are often classified according to the ceilings. Especially in periods such as the period of Mimar Sinan, these classifications are diversified according to the number of columns, dome supports, their directions and transition elements to the dome. It is seen that the squinch, which is a frequently preferred transition element in early Ottoman architecture, is an ongoing definition problem. It is thought that this confusion may lead to incorrect results in the classifications or analyses to be made. In this study, the definition problems of the squinch were investigated and its place in the Mimar Sinan period was examined. In this context, first, the origin of the squinch, its working principle and its difference from other transitional elements were revealed, definitions in the literature and plan drawings were investigated. The descriptive errors in the drawings were compared with the sections taken from the pointclouds obtained using a laser scanner. In the light of these results, it has been tried to reveal that the squinch-transitive structures should be evaluated as a separate type among Mimar Sinan structures and that the use of can be evaluated within the scope of the concept of "historical approach".
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Papers by Serhan Tuncer
Mehmed and Süleymaniye Mosques in particular have been subjects of debate. S¸ ehzade is described by many scholars as a peak in sixteenth century Ottoman architecture, whilst Süleymaniye, built shortly after, is viewed as an architectural regression. This article investigates the transition from the symmetrical quatrefoil scheme of Şehzade to Süleymaniye’s basilica-like design with quantitative methods, based on certain design principles. Spatial perception, visibility, and daylight analyses were conducted on models and plan drawings based on 3D point cloud data obtained from terrestrial laser scanning. Spatial perception analyses suggest that Sinan intended to influence users’ perception with the formation of the superstructure. Resulting visibility levels of certain focal points in the sanctum area prove how they were pivotal in the design process. Finally, daylight analyses results indicate how daylight was also a significant design criterion for Sinan. Ultimately, the study demonstrates that Süleymaniye’s floor plan is an improved design addressing the spatial issues that exist in S ¸ ehzade, highlighting Mimar Sinan’s effort to enhance the worship experience.
Mehmed and Süleymaniye Mosques in particular have been subjects of debate. S¸ ehzade is described by many scholars as a peak in sixteenth century Ottoman architecture, whilst Süleymaniye, built shortly after, is viewed as an architectural regression. This article investigates the transition from the symmetrical quatrefoil scheme of Şehzade to Süleymaniye’s basilica-like design with quantitative methods, based on certain design principles. Spatial perception, visibility, and daylight analyses were conducted on models and plan drawings based on 3D point cloud data obtained from terrestrial laser scanning. Spatial perception analyses suggest that Sinan intended to influence users’ perception with the formation of the superstructure. Resulting visibility levels of certain focal points in the sanctum area prove how they were pivotal in the design process. Finally, daylight analyses results indicate how daylight was also a significant design criterion for Sinan. Ultimately, the study demonstrates that Süleymaniye’s floor plan is an improved design addressing the spatial issues that exist in S ¸ ehzade, highlighting Mimar Sinan’s effort to enhance the worship experience.