Lynn Goldman

The George Washington University, Dean, Faculty Member

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Tracy Beck Fenwick

The Australian National University

Antonio Dias de Figueiredo

Universidade de Coimbra

Naim Kapucu

University of Central Florida

Everita Silina

The New School University

Steffen Boehm

University of Exeter

Armando Marques-Guedes

UNL - New University of Lisbon

Ed Krčma

University of East Anglia

Olav Eikeland

OsloMet—Oslo Metropolitan University

J.-C. Spender

Kozminski University

Felicity Colman

University of the Arts London

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Papers by Lynn Goldman

Robotic high throughput fatty acid analysis of umbilical cord serum

The FASEB Journal

Children’s Exposure to Mercury Compounds, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)

Implementing Mandatory Testing and a Public Health Commitment to Control COVID-19 on a College Campus

ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted US colleges and universities. As The George Wa... more ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted US colleges and universities. As The George Washington University (GWU), a large urban university, prepared to reopen for the Fall 2020 semester, GWU established protocols to protect the health and wellness of all members of campus community. Reopening efforts included a cadre of COVID-19 surveillance systems including development of a public health COVID-19 laboratory, weekly and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 testing and daily risk screening and symptom monitoring. Other activities included completion of a mandatory COVID-19 training and influenza vaccination for the on-campus population, quarantining of students returning to campus, campus-focused case investigations and quarantining of suspected close contacts, clinical follow-up of infected persons, and regular communication and monitoring. A smaller on-campus population of 4,435 students, faculty and staff returned to campus with later expansion of testing to accommodate GWU students ...

Information the Key to Preventing Childhood Lead Poisoning

Journal of Environmental Health, 1997

Contribution Umbilical Cord Serum Cytokine Levels and Risks of Small-for-Gestational-Age and Preterm Birth

While elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines are clearly associated with preterm birth, the... more While elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines are clearly associated with preterm birth, the relation between cytokines and fetal growth is unclear. The authors examined associations between umbilical cord serum cytokine concentrations and risk of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and preterm birth. This cross-sectional analysis was nested within a National Institute of Child Health and Human Development–University of Alabama population-based cohort study of high-risk prenatal care patients in Jefferson County, Alabama. Patients were enrolled between 1985 and 1988. For 370 singletons, umbilical cord serum concentrations of interferon c (IFN-c), tumor necrosis factor a, and interleukins 12p70, 4, and 10 were determined. Associations between each cytokine and SGA and preterm delivery were evaluated using log binomial regression. Increasing log concentration of tumor necrosis factor a was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (risk ratio (RR) 1⁄4 2.00, 95% confidence in...

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs and Committee on Environmental Health: Use of chloral hydrate for sedation in children

Pediatrics, 1993

Publicity about the possible carcinogenicity of chloral hydrate along with the suggestion that al... more Publicity about the possible carcinogenicity of chloral hydrate along with the suggestion that alternative sedatives should be used in children has generated concern among physicians, dentists, and their patients.1’2 Replacement of chloral hydrate with other sedatives would represent a major change in practice because it is one of the drugs most widely employed to sedate young children undergoing dental and medical procedures and imaging studies. This statement will assist the practitioner in making an informed decision regarding the use of chloral hydrate by summarizing (1) information pertaining to the potential for carcinogenesis associated with use of chloral hydrate, (2) the risk/benefit considerations of available sedatives, and (3) risks associated with prolonged sedation with chioral hydrate.

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Drinking water system trearment and contamination in Shatila Refugee Camp in Beirut, Lebanon

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal

Drinking water at Shatila Palestinian Refugee Camp in Beirut, Lebanon is of poor quality and unpr... more Drinking water at Shatila Palestinian Refugee Camp in Beirut, Lebanon is of poor quality and unpredictably intermittent quantity. We aimed to characterize drinking water sources and contamination at Shatila and determine how drinking water can be managed to reduce community health burdens. We interviewed the Popular Committee, well owners, water vendors, water shopkeepers and preschool administrators about drinking water sources, treatment methods and the population served. Water samples from the sources and intermediaries were analysed for thermotolerant faecal coliforms (FCs), Giardia lamblia, Cryptosporidium parvum and microsporidia, using immunofluorescent antibody detection for G. lamblia and C. parvum, and chromotrope-2 stain for microsporidia. All drinking water sources were contaminated with FCs and parasites. FC counts (cfu/mL) were as follows: wells (35-300), water vendors (2-178), shops (30-300) and preschools (230-300). Responsible factors identified included: unskilled operators; improper maintenance of wells and equipment; lack of proper water storage and handling; and misperception of water quality. These factors must be addressed to improve water quality at Shatila and other refugee camps.

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Review of the Proposal for the Gulf Long-Term Follow-Up Study

The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and ... more

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Pesticide threat

New Scientist

Concluding Commentary: Children in All Cancer Prevention Policy Decisions

Pediatrics, 2016

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Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke leads to increased mitochondrial DNA content in umbilical cord serum associated to reduced gestational age

International journal of environmental health research, 2017

We investigated if prenatal exposures to tobacco smoke lead to changes in mitochondrial DNA conte... more We investigated if prenatal exposures to tobacco smoke lead to changes in mitochondrial DNA content (mtDNA) in cord serum and adversely affect newborns' health. Umbilical cord serum cotinine levels were used to determine in utero exposure to smoking. Cord serum mtDNA was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of the genes coding for cytochrome c oxidase1 (MT-CO1) and cytochrome c oxidase2 (MT-CO2). Log transformed levels of mtDNA coding for MT-CO1 and MT-CO2 were significantly higher among infants of active smokers with higher serum level of cotinine (p < 0.05) and inversely associated with gestational age (p = 0.08; p = 0.02). Structural equation modeling results confirmed a positive association between cotinine and MT-CO1 and2 (p < 0.01) and inverse associations with gestational age (p = 0.02) and IGF-1 (p < 0.01). We identified a dose-dependent increase in the level of MT-CO1 and MT-CO2 associated to increased cord serum cotinine and decreased ge...

Methyl mercury, but not inorganic mercury, associated with higher blood pressure during pregnancy

Environmental research, 2017

Prior studies addressing associations between mercury and blood pressure have produced inconsiste... more Prior studies addressing associations between mercury and blood pressure have produced inconsistent findings; some of this may result from measuring total instead of speciated mercury. This cross-sectional study of 263 pregnant women assessed total mercury, speciated mercury, selenium, and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in umbilical cord blood and blood pressure during labor and delivery. Models with a) total mercury or b) methyl and inorganic mercury were evaluated. Regression models adjusted for maternal age, race/ethnicity, prepregnancy body mass index, neighborhood income, parity, smoking, n-3 fatty acids and selenium. Geometric mean total, methyl, and inorganic mercury concentrations were 1.40µg/L (95% confidence interval: 1.29, 1.52); 0.95µg/L (0.84, 1.07); and 0.13µg/L (0.10, 0.17), respectively. Elevated systolic BP, diastolic BP, and pulse pressure were found, respectively, in 11.4%, 6.8%, and 19.8% of mothers. In adjusted multivariable models, a one-tertile increase of me...

Putting the Health of Communities and Populations First

JAMA, 2016

The poor US performance on key population health measures is a call to action that justifies bold... more The poor US performance on key population health measures is a call to action that justifies bold strategies to direct resources toward improvements in support of population health. US investments in health care amount to nearly one-fifth of national expenditures. Yet the United States is less healthy than other countries with a comparable standard of living, with a comparatively lower life expectancy at birth and a comparatively higher infant mortality rate higher than all other industrialized nations. Promising opportunities and actionable steps exist to achieving healthier communities. In this Viewpoint examining possibilities and priorities, we embrace the World Health Organization definition of health as “the state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”; define the term population health in the sense of “total population health”; discuss actions to improve health in entire geographic regions1; and embrace the vision for a healthy community as a “strong, healthful, and productive society, which cultivates human capital and equal opportunity.”2 Importantly, vital directions are highlighted for continuing to move US public health efforts on the path toward prevention.3 Many are national strategies to guide and facilitate universal and equitable reach. Their implementation requires a strong commitment to leveraging inherent assets of communities, mitigating circumstances of social disadvantage, considering the cultural and historical contexts of diverse communities, and assuring the protection of those that are particularly vulnerable to social and environmental stressors (ie, children, the elderly, and individuals with other conditions).

Real-Time Surveillance of Symptoms and Odor Complaints During the Trial Excavation of a Toxic Waste Site

Global DNA hypomethylation in cord blood serum of babies exposed to maternal smoking in-utero

ABSTRACT Active smoking is known to be associated with global DNA hypomethylation in aerodigestiv... more ABSTRACT Active smoking is known to be associated with global DNA hypomethylation in aerodigestive mucosa, but similar studies for in-utero exposed newborns are lacking. We hypothesized that maternal smoking also should be associated with global DNA hypomethylation in cord blood serum of full term babies with adequate birthweigth. We used an ELISA based kit (Sigma) to measure global DNA methylation in cord blood serum and in umbilical cord tissue of babies with high (mean = 171.4 ng/ml) and very low (mean = 0.09 ng/ml) serum cotinine levels. The global DNA methylation level in cord blood serum was significantly lower (p&lt;0.001) for five newborns exposed to maternal smoking, mean = 8.74 (95% CI, 1.5, 15.9), when compared to seven non-exposed newborns, mean = 25.5 (95% CI, 16.2, 34.8). The natural log of the serum cotinine levels were negatively correlated to the global DNA methylation levels in serum (r = -0.73, p&lt;0.001) in a dose-response pattern. The global DNA methylation index in umbilical cord tissue was not significantly lower (p = 0.66) for newborns exposed to maternal smoking, mean = 33.4 (95% CI, 23.3, 43.5), when compared to non-exposed newborns, mean = 36.3 (95% CI, 23.8, 48.8). These results suggest that circulating fetal DNA already exhibits aberrant methylation patterns. Global DNA hypomethylation is known to be associated with genomic fragility, aberrant gene expression and a series of chronic diseases, including diabetes, bipolar disorders, obesity, schizophrenia, and cancer. Therefore, these preliminary results point towards the need of strengthening smoking cessation efforts among pregnant women.

The US Cancer Moonshot initiative

The Lancet. Oncology, May 1, 2016

used to select surgery because there is lesser risk of distant metastases for this genotype. 6 In... more used to select surgery because there is lesser risk of distant metastases for this genotype. 6 In the future, we hope to more accurately select a subgroup of patients in whom a surgery-first approach, and even synchronous vein resection, is justified, but it is much more likely that precision neoadjuvant therapy will ultimately result in less radical surgery and the introduction of non-surgical techniques to support the response to neoadjuvant therapy.

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Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine

Nanotechnology: Expanding Scientific Understanding

Child Health and the Environment: A Review of the Evidence

Zero to Three, Nov 1, 2005

Skeptical About Importance of Low Levels of Lead

Pediatrics, Jun 1, 1993

In Reply.— In response to our commentary,1 Dr Cunningham concludes that the association between l... more In Reply.— In response to our commentary,1 Dr Cunningham concludes that the association between lead and neurodevelopment found in the Boston cohort studied by Bellinger and colleagues2 differs from that of the Yugoslavian cohort studied by Wasserman et al.3 We disagree. Wasserman and colleagues found a 2.5-point decrement in the Mental Development Index (MDI) Bayley Scales of Infant Development at age 2 years attributable to the 2-year blood lead level. In an earlier assessment of the Boston cohort,4 Bellinger and colleagues found a lead effect of similar magnitude; compared to the low-exposure group, the high-exposure group had a 4.8 decrement in MDI scores attributable to lead.

Robotic high throughput fatty acid analysis of umbilical cord serum

The FASEB Journal

Children’s Exposure to Mercury Compounds, WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)

Implementing Mandatory Testing and a Public Health Commitment to Control COVID-19 on a College Campus

Information the Key to Preventing Childhood Lead Poisoning

Journal of Environmental Health, 1997

Contribution Umbilical Cord Serum Cytokine Levels and Risks of Small-for-Gestational-Age and Preterm Birth

American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs and Committee on Environmental Health: Use of chloral hydrate for sedation in children

Pediatrics, 1993

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Drinking water system trearment and contamination in Shatila Refugee Camp in Beirut, Lebanon

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal

Download

Review of the Proposal for the Gulf Long-Term Follow-Up Study

The serpent has been a symbol of long life, healing, and knowledge among almost all cultures and ... more

Download

Pesticide threat

New Scientist

Concluding Commentary: Children in All Cancer Prevention Policy Decisions

Pediatrics, 2016

Download

Prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke leads to increased mitochondrial DNA content in umbilical cord serum associated to reduced gestational age

International journal of environmental health research, 2017

Methyl mercury, but not inorganic mercury, associated with higher blood pressure during pregnancy

Environmental research, 2017

Putting the Health of Communities and Populations First

JAMA, 2016

Real-Time Surveillance of Symptoms and Odor Complaints During the Trial Excavation of a Toxic Waste Site

Global DNA hypomethylation in cord blood serum of babies exposed to maternal smoking in-utero

The US Cancer Moonshot initiative

The Lancet. Oncology, May 1, 2016

Download

Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences, Research, and Medicine

Nanotechnology: Expanding Scientific Understanding

Child Health and the Environment: A Review of the Evidence

Zero to Three, Nov 1, 2005

Skeptical About Importance of Low Levels of Lead

Pediatrics, Jun 1, 1993

Lynn Goldman

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