@@ -3944,6 +3944,9 @@ class WebpackCLI {
       ({ Readable } = await import("node:stream"));
     }
 
+    // Whether the failure exit code comes from a previous build, so a successful rebuild resets it
+    let isFailedBuild = false;
+
     return (error, stats): void => {
       if (error) {
         this.logger.error(error);
@@ -3952,6 +3955,10 @@ class WebpackCLI {
 
       if (stats && (stats.hasErrors() || (options.failOnWarnings && stats.hasWarnings()))) {
         process.exitCode = 1;
+        isFailedBuild = true;
+      } else if (stats && isFailedBuild) {
+        process.exitCode = undefined;
+        isFailedBuild = false;
       }
 
       if (!stats) {
 
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+module.exports = (env) => ({
+  mode: "development",
+  entry: env.entry,
+});
@@ -2,6 +2,9 @@
 
 /* eslint-disable jest/require-top-level-describe -- Version-gated describe */
 
+const fs = require("node:fs");
+const os = require("node:os");
+const path = require("node:path");
 const [devServerVersion] = require("webpack-dev-server/package.json").version;
 const { run, runWatch } = require("../../utils/test-utils");
 
@@ -32,6 +35,52 @@ describeDevServer6("serve error handling", () => {
     expect(exitCode).toBe(1);
   });
 
+  test("should reset the failure exit code after a successful rebuild", async () => {
+    const directory = fs.mkdtempSync(path.join(os.tmpdir(), "webpack-cli-serve-recover-"));
+    const entry = path.join(directory, "index.js");
+
+    fs.writeFileSync(entry, "const broken = {;");
+
+    try {
+      const { exitCode, stdout } = await runWatch(
+        __dirname,
+        [
+          "serve",
+          "--config",
+          "recover.config.js",
+          "--env",
+          `entry=${entry}`,
+          "--watch-options-stdin",
+          "--port",
+          port,
+        ],
+        {
+          handler: (proc) => {
+            let output = "";
+            let fixed = false;
+
+            proc.stdout.on("data", (chunk) => {
+              output += chunk.toString();
+
+              if (!fixed && output.includes("ERROR in")) {
+                fixed = true;
+                fs.writeFileSync(entry, "console.log('fixed');");
+              } else if (fixed && output.includes("compiled successfully")) {
+                proc.stdin.end();
+              }
+            });
+          },
+        },
+      );
+
+      expect(stdout).toContain("ERROR in");
+      expect(stdout).toContain("compiled successfully");
+      expect(exitCode).toBe(0);
+    } finally {
+      fs.rmSync(directory, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    }
+  });
+
   test("should print the stats with warnings using the '--fail-on-warnings' option", async () => {
     const { exitCode, stderr, stdout } = await runWatch(
       __dirname,
 
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+"use strict";
+
+// Loaded via `WEBPACK_PACKAGE`: webpack before 5.112 doesn't apply `plugins` of multi configurations
+const webpack = require("webpack");
+
+module.exports = new Proxy(webpack, {
+  get: (target, property) => (property === "version" ? "5.111.0" : Reflect.get(target, property)),
+});
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 /* eslint-disable jest/require-top-level-describe -- Version-gated describe */
 
+const path = require("node:path");
 const [devServerVersion] = require("webpack-dev-server/package.json").version;
 const { runWatch } = require("../../utils/test-utils");
 
@@ -11,9 +12,10 @@ const getGetPort = () => import("get-port");
  * Starts `webpack serve` and requests every bundle from every dev server once they listen.
  * @param {string[]} args extra CLI arguments
  * @param {string=} config configuration file
+ * @param {Record<string, string>=} env environment variables
  * @returns {Promise<{ exitCode: number, stdout: string, stderr: string, responses: Record<string, number> }>} result
  */
-const serve = async (args, config = "webpack.config.js") => {
+const serve = async (args, config = "webpack.config.js", env = {}) => {
   const { default: getPort } = await getGetPort();
   const appPort = await getPort();
   const adminPort = await getPort({ exclude: [appPort] });
@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@ const serve = async (args, config = "webpack.config.js") => {
       ...args,
     ],
     {
+      env,
       handler: (proc) => {
         let output = "";
         let requesting = false;
@@ -86,6 +89,20 @@ describeDevServer6("serve with a dev server per compiler", () => {
     expect(stdout.match(/admin\.js/g)).toHaveLength(1);
   });
 
+  test("should serve all compilers by every dev server with webpack before 5.112", async () => {
+    const { exitCode, responses } = await serve([], "webpack.config.js", {
+      WEBPACK_PACKAGE: path.resolve(__dirname, "./old-webpack.js"),
+    });
+
+    expect(exitCode).toBe(0);
+    expect(responses).toEqual({
+      "app:app": 200,
+      "app:admin": 200,
+      "admin:app": 200,
+      "admin:admin": 200,
+    });
+  });
+
   test("should serve each compiler only by its own dev server using the '--dev-server-per-compiler' option", async () => {
     const { exitCode, responses, stdout } = await serve(["--dev-server-per-compiler"]);