Using the Walltime instrument on standard Hosted Runners will lead to inconsistent data.

For the most accurate results, we recommend using CodSpeed Macro Runners: bare-metal machines fine-tuned for performance measurement consistency.

System calls cannot be consistently instrumented, so they are not included in the measure, which understates the real cost. Please switch to the Walltime instrument to accurately measure system calls.

Measurement and system calls

• chunked_dict_primitive_into_canonical[f64, (1000, 1000, 10)]
• warm[(16, 64)]
• bench_compare_sliced_dict_primitive[(3333, 10000)]
• optimize_lookup_predicate[ids=256, shape=in_list]
• pcodec_compress_f64
• multipolygon_mixed_validity
• decompress[u16, (4000, 256)]
• decompress[u32, (1000, 256)]
• ilike_contains
• zstd_compress_string
• …and 5 more

Some benchmarks with significant performance changes were compared across different runtime environments,
which may affect the accuracy of the results.

Open the report in CodSpeed to investigate

• Verdict: Overall PR-level signal after subtracting baseline drift estimated from Parquet control rows. It can be Likely improvement, Likely regression, or No clear signal.
• Engines: Per-engine attribution. DataFusion is compared against DataFusion/Parquet controls; DuckDB is compared against DuckDB/Parquet controls. This answers whether each engine improved or regressed independently.
• Confidence: Based on directional consistency, share of rows above the noise floor, and control-run noise.
• Hot vs cold: Every measurement is run several times. The first run is reported as the cold run, and the median of the runs after it is reported as the hot run. The verdict and significance use hot runs; each target's geomean reports hot and cold beside each other where the individual runs were recorded and hot alone where they were not, the cold column shows first-run cost per row, and hot/cold is how much of each run the warm path saves. Rows whose results predate per-run reporting show only one value, taken from the value the runner reported.
• Table cells: Each cell reads PR / base / %diff. The hot and cold columns mark a change as 🔴 slower or 🟢 faster once it clears this suite's threshold; anything smaller is noise here and is left unmarked, as is hot/cold, because a shift in the warm-up ratio is not a win or a loss by itself.

• Verdict: Overall PR-level signal after subtracting baseline drift estimated from Parquet control rows. It can be Likely improvement, Likely regression, or No clear signal.
• Engines: Per-engine attribution. DataFusion is compared against DataFusion/Parquet controls; DuckDB is compared against DuckDB/Parquet controls. This answers whether each engine improved or regressed independently.
• Confidence: Based on directional consistency, share of rows above the noise floor, and control-run noise.
• Hot vs cold: Every measurement is run several times. The first run is reported as the cold run, and the median of the runs after it is reported as the hot run. The verdict and significance use hot runs; each target's geomean reports hot and cold beside each other where the individual runs were recorded and hot alone where they were not, the cold column shows first-run cost per row, and hot/cold is how much of each run the warm path saves. Rows whose results predate per-run reporting show only one value, taken from the value the runner reported.
• Table cells: Each cell reads PR / base / %diff. The hot and cold columns mark a change as 🔴 slower or 🟢 faster once it clears this suite's threshold; anything smaller is noise here and is left unmarked, as is hot/cold, because a shift in the warm-up ratio is not a win or a loss by itself.

• Verdict: Overall PR-level signal after subtracting baseline drift estimated from Parquet control rows. It can be Likely improvement, Likely regression, or No clear signal.
• Engines: Per-engine attribution. DataFusion is compared against DataFusion/Parquet controls; DuckDB is compared against DuckDB/Parquet controls. This answers whether each engine improved or regressed independently.
• Confidence: Based on directional consistency, share of rows above the noise floor, and control-run noise.
• Hot vs cold: Every measurement is run several times. The first run is reported as the cold run, and the median of the runs after it is reported as the hot run. The verdict and significance use hot runs; each target's geomean reports hot and cold beside each other where the individual runs were recorded and hot alone where they were not, the cold column shows first-run cost per row, and hot/cold is how much of each run the warm path saves. Rows whose results predate per-run reporting show only one value, taken from the value the runner reported.
• Table cells: Each cell reads PR / base / %diff. The hot and cold columns mark a change as 🔴 slower or 🟢 faster once it clears this suite's threshold; anything smaller is noise here and is left unmarked, as is hot/cold, because a shift in the warm-up ratio is not a win or a loss by itself.

• Verdict: Overall PR-level signal after subtracting baseline drift estimated from Parquet control rows. It can be Likely improvement, Likely regression, or No clear signal.
• Engines: Per-engine attribution. DataFusion is compared against DataFusion/Parquet controls; DuckDB is compared against DuckDB/Parquet controls. This answers whether each engine improved or regressed independently.
• Confidence: Based on directional consistency, share of rows above the noise floor, and control-run noise.
• Hot vs cold: Every measurement is run several times. The first run is reported as the cold run, and the median of the runs after it is reported as the hot run. The verdict and significance use hot runs; each target's geomean reports hot and cold beside each other where the individual runs were recorded and hot alone where they were not, the cold column shows first-run cost per row, and hot/cold is how much of each run the warm path saves. Rows whose results predate per-run reporting show only one value, taken from the value the runner reported.
• Table cells: Each cell reads PR / base / %diff. The hot and cold columns mark a change as 🔴 slower or 🟢 faster once it clears this suite's threshold; anything smaller is noise here and is left unmarked, as is hot/cold, because a shift in the warm-up ratio is not a win or a loss by itself.

• Verdict: Overall PR-level signal after subtracting baseline drift estimated from Parquet control rows. It can be Likely improvement, Likely regression, or No clear signal.
• Engines: Per-engine attribution. DataFusion is compared against DataFusion/Parquet controls; DuckDB is compared against DuckDB/Parquet controls. This answers whether each engine improved or regressed independently.
• Confidence: Based on directional consistency, share of rows above the noise floor, and control-run noise.
• Hot vs cold: Every measurement is run several times. The first run is reported as the cold run, and the median of the runs after it is reported as the hot run. The verdict and significance use hot runs; each target's geomean reports hot and cold beside each other where the individual runs were recorded and hot alone where they were not, the cold column shows first-run cost per row, and hot/cold is how much of each run the warm path saves. Rows whose results predate per-run reporting show only one value, taken from the value the runner reported.
• Table cells: Each cell reads PR / base / %diff. The hot and cold columns mark a change as 🔴 slower or 🟢 faster once it clears this suite's threshold; anything smaller is noise here and is left unmarked, as is hot/cold, because a shift in the warm-up ratio is not a win or a loss by itself.

• Verdict: Overall PR-level signal after subtracting baseline drift estimated from Parquet control rows. It can be Likely improvement, Likely regression, or No clear signal.
• Engines: Per-engine attribution. DataFusion is compared against DataFusion/Parquet controls; DuckDB is compared against DuckDB/Parquet controls. This answers whether each engine improved or regressed independently.
• Confidence: Based on directional consistency, share of rows above the noise floor, and control-run noise.
• Hot vs cold: Every measurement is run several times. The first run is reported as the cold run, and the median of the runs after it is reported as the hot run. The verdict and significance use hot runs; each target's geomean reports hot and cold beside each other where the individual runs were recorded and hot alone where they were not, the cold column shows first-run cost per row, and hot/cold is how much of each run the warm path saves. Rows whose results predate per-run reporting show only one value, taken from the value the runner reported.
• Table cells: Each cell reads PR / base / %diff. The hot and cold columns mark a change as 🔴 slower or 🟢 faster once it clears this suite's threshold; anything smaller is noise here and is left unmarked, as is hot/cold, because a shift in the warm-up ratio is not a win or a loss by itself.