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[ROCm][Perf] Use 64 split-KV segments for small decode batches on gfx942 - #66485

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tc3oliver:gfx942-64-split-kv-segments
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tc3oliver:gfx942-64-split-kv-segments

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@tc3oliver tc3oliver commented Nov 9, 2026 •

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Overview

TritonAttentionMetadataBuilder already uses 64 instead of 16 split-KV segments when a decode batch under-fills the device, but only on SM120 (#58482). This enables the same rule on gfx942.

Claims

  • Batch-1 decode with TRITON_ATTN on MI325X: TPOT -14% at 8K context, -36% at 32K, -54% at 100K (Qwen3-8B, bf16 KV).
  • Batches above the cutoff keep 16 segments (the rule is (2 * num_compute_units - 1) // (16 * num_kv_heads) requests, 4 for 8 KV heads).

Validation

Kernel, GB/s, 16 vs 64 segments (graph captured, MI325X):

shape 16 64
hd128, 8 KV heads, B=1, 32K / 128K 1287 / 1066 2985 / 2924
hd128, B=4, 32K 2429 3221
hd256, 2 KV heads, B=1, 128K 388 1370
hd256, B=4, 32K 1435 3460
spec verify q=2, B=1, 32K 1267 2891

End to end: Qwen3-8B (dummy weights, YaRN 131K override), --attention-backend TRITON_ATTN, batch 1, median TPOT over 2-4 requests, two runs with the GPUs swapped:

context before (ms) after (ms)
8K 5.49 / 5.48 4.74 / 4.77
32K 9.05 / 9.01 5.77 / 5.84
100K 18.57 / 18.59 8.57 / 8.79

Correctness: passkey retrieval at 30K tokens, batch 1 (the 64-segment path), Qwen3-1.7B: 30/30 before and after, 29/30 outputs byte-identical. GSM8K (1319, Qwen3-1.7B) was run with this and the unified-attention PR together: 888 -> 895.

Tests (MI325X, tests tree = latest main + this change): tests/v1/attention/test_triton_attn_segments.py and test_triton_attn_metadata_builder.py: 58 passed. The two existing tests that mock is_cuda=True now also mock is_rocm=False; without that, 16 of their cases take the new ROCm branch on a ROCm runner.

Not covered: fp8 KV cache, speculative decoding with a real draft model (an ngram run, k=3, batch 1, 32K: 9.55 -> 6.90 ms; random prompts, so this only measures the verify path), MI300X / MI308X.

Details

The cutoff counts requests, like the SM120 rule. gfx942 uses two programs per CU instead of one because 64 segments stayed faster until the 16-segment grid reached about that point (measured on MI325X, 304 CUs). The new branch runs only when on_gfx942().

Related: #58482 and #56148 (merged, SM120 and multi-query split-K). No open PR changes the segment count on ROCm.

AI assistance was used.


Pull Request Checklist
  • I used vLLM's /pr-checklist skill. (Mandatory for agents, optional for humans).

  • AI assistance was used during the creation of this PR.

  • Design Fit: Minimizes impact on core components, reuses existing functionality, and justifies added complexity.

  • Testing and Validation: Validates the change and ensures any added tests are meaningful and reliable, with CI coverage or documented CI resource constraints and validation performed outside CI.

  • Code Quality and Style: Keeps code and comments clear and concise, and updates relevant documentation and examples.

  • Pull Request Contents: Includes a brief summary and relevant links, supports claims with evidence, explains root causes and implementation trade-offs, and follows the contributing guide.

@tc3oliver
tc3oliver requested a review from tdoublep as a code owner November 9, 2026 06:24

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Claude Code Review

This pull request is from a fork — automated review is disabled. A repository maintainer can comment @claude review to run a one-time review.

@mergify mergify Bot added the rocm Related to AMD ROCm label Nov 9, 2026
@github-project-automation github-project-automation Bot moved this to Todo in AMD Nov 9, 2026
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# 64 segments stay faster until the 16-segment grid has about two
# programs per CU (measured on MI325X, 304 CUs).
if on_gfx942():

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Can you use get_cdna_version() == 3 here instead of on_gfx942()? Also, have you measured gfx950? If 64 segments are faster there too, can we make this in (3, 4)?

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Updated to get_cdna_version() == 3 and adjusted the tests for CDNA2/3/4 selection in 0e9224d.

I only have MI325X (gfx942), so I haven't benchmarked gfx950. I'll keep CDNA4 disabled until it's measured.

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Verified on 0e9224d: get_cdna_version() == 3 gates the 64-segment path, and the occupancy formula is unchanged from the previous revision. MI325X (gfx942, get_cdna_version() == 3), ROCm 10.0 image vllm/vllm-openai-rocm:v0.33.0 (HIP 7.15, torch 2.13.0, triton 3.8.0), PR head files overlaid. pytest tests/v1/attention/test_triton_attn_segments.py tests/v1/attention/test_triton_attn_metadata_builder.py: 60 passed, 0 failed/skipped. The CDNA3 cases (64 vs 16 segments at the occupancy boundary) pass, and the CDNA2 and CDNA4 cases stay at 16 segments. CDNA4 stays disabled until it is measured on gfx950.

Keep the 64-segment path scoped to tested CDNA3 hardware.
Update metadata-builder coverage for CDNA2, CDNA3 and CDNA4.

AI assistance was used.

Signed-off-by: Oliver Yu <[email protected]>
@tc3oliver
tc3oliver force-pushed the gfx942-64-split-kv-segments branch from 0e9224d to b11f582 Compare November 13, 2026 03:13

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