@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import type { DevEnvironment } from 'vite'
+import type { DevEnvironment, EnvironmentModuleNode } from 'vite'
 import type { Vitest } from './core'
 import type { TestProject } from './project'
 import type { TestSpecification } from './test-specification'
@@ -357,9 +357,13 @@ class ProjectGraph {
     const imports = new Set([...(transformed.deps || []), ...(transformed.dynamicDeps || [])])
     const dependencies: string[] = []
     const watchedFiles: string[] = []
+    let failed = false
     // ids keep the query, so `./file.txt?raw` is walked as its own module
     this.environment.moduleGraph.getModuleById(id)?.importedModules.forEach((imported) => {
-      if (imported.id && imported.file && this.resolver.isLocalSourceFile(imported.file)) {
+      // a dynamic import of a missing file can be caught, a static one always fails
+      if (isMissingFile(imported) && transformed.deps?.includes(imported.url)) {
+        failed = true
+      } else if (imported.id && imported.file && this.resolver.isLocalSourceFile(imported.file)) {
         ;(imports.has(imported.url) ? dependencies : watchedFiles).push(imported.id)
       }
     })
@@ -375,10 +379,16 @@ class ProjectGraph {
       watchedFiles,
       mocked: new Set(Array.from(replaced, (mockedId) => cleanUrl(mockedId))),
       restored: new Set(Array.from(restored, (restoredId) => cleanUrl(restoredId))),
+      failed,
     }
   }
 }
 
+// in SSR, Vite keeps an import it can't resolve as is, a bare one can still be loaded by Node
+function isMissingFile(mod: EnvironmentModuleNode): boolean {
+  return mod.id?.[0] === '.' || mod.meta?.['vite:alias']?.noResolved === true
+}
+
 /**
  * Walks the module graph once for every root, skipping a module only when every walk that reaches it mocks it.
  */
 
@@ -1459,6 +1459,82 @@ describe('modules that fail to load', () => {
     `)
   })
 
+  test('a test that imports a deleted file runs and reports the error', async () => {
+    const { results } = await runInlineTests(
+      {
+        'vitest.config.js': { resolve: { alias: { '@': '/src' } } },
+        'src/other.js': 'export {}',
+        'a.test.js': testFile('a', `import './src/helper.js'`),
+        'b.test.js': testFile('b', `import '@/helper'`),
+        'c.test.js': testFile('c', `import './src/other.js'`),
+      },
+      { related: ['src/helper.js'] },
+    )
+
+    expect(moduleStates(results)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+      [
+        [
+          "a.test.js",
+          "failed",
+        ],
+        [
+          "b.test.js",
+          "failed",
+        ],
+      ]
+    `)
+  })
+
+  test('a test that catches a dynamic import of a deleted file does not run', async () => {
+    const { results } = await runInlineTests(
+      {
+        'src/changed.js': 'export {}',
+        'a.test.js': `
+          import { test } from 'vitest'
+          test('a', async () => {
+            await import('./src/helper.js').catch(() => {})
+          })
+        `,
+        'b.test.js': testFile('b', `import './src/changed.js'`),
+      },
+      { related: ['src/helper.js', 'src/changed.js'] },
+    )
+
+    expect(moduleStates(results)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+      [
+        [
+          "b.test.js",
+          "passed",
+        ],
+      ]
+    `)
+  })
+
+  test('a setup file that imports a deleted file runs every test', async () => {
+    const { results } = await runInlineTests(
+      {
+        'vitest.config.js': { test: { setupFiles: ['./setup.js'] } },
+        'setup.js': `import './src/helper.js'`,
+        'a.test.js': testFile('a'),
+        'b.test.js': testFile('b'),
+      },
+      { related: ['src/helper.js'] },
+    )
+
+    expect(moduleStates(results)).toMatchInlineSnapshot(`
+      [
+        [
+          "a.test.js",
+          "failed",
+        ],
+        [
+          "b.test.js",
+          "failed",
+        ],
+      ]
+    `)
+  })
+
   function moduleStates(modules: TestModule[]) {
     return modules
       .map((testModule) => [testModule.relativeModuleId, testModule.state()])