Typhoon Overloading

The missing method overloading feature for PHP.

Installation

composer require typhoon/overloading

Usage

To mark methods handleInt and handleString as overloading method handle, add #[Overload('handle')] attribute to handleInt and handleString and call Overload::call() from handle. You do not need to pass arguments to Overload::call(), this happens automagically. However, return Overload::call() explicitly if you need to. After this you will be able to call handle with any arguments and reach overloading methods when their signature matches.

use Typhoon\Overloading\Overload;

final class WhateverHandler
{
    public function handle(mixed ...$args): string
    {
        return Overload::call();
    }

    #[Overload('handle')]
    public function handleInt(int $int): string
    {
        return __METHOD__;
    }

    #[Overload('handle')]
    public function handleString(string $string): string
    {
        return __METHOD__;
    }

    #[Overload('handle')]
    public function handleStdClass(\stdClass $object): string
    {
        return __METHOD__;
    }

    #[Overload('handle')]
    public function handleNamedOptionalArguments(int $int = 0, float $float = M_E): string
    {
        return __METHOD__;
    }
}

$handler = new WhateverHandler();

// WhateverHandler::handleInt
var_dump($handler->handle(300));

// WhateverHandler::handleString
var_dump($handler->handle('Hello world!'));

// WhateverHandler::handleStdClass
var_dump($handler->handle(new \stdClass()));

// WhateverHandler::handleNamedOptionalArguments
var_dump($handler->handle(float: 1.5));

// WhateverHandler::handleNamedOptionalArguments
var_dump($handler->handle());

// No matching overloading methods for WhateverHandler::handle(string, bool).
var_dump($handler->handle('Hey!', true));

What about speed?

Well, using overloading is obviously slower, than calling a method directly, but not awfully slower. Here's a simple benchmark for the WhateverHandler:

// warm up
$handler->handle();

\DragonCode\Benchmark\Benchmark::start()
    ->withoutData()
    ->round(2)
    ->compare([
        'direct call' => static fn (): string => $handler->handleNamedOptionalArguments(),
        'overloaded call' => static fn (): string => $handler->handle(),
    ]);

 ------- ---------------- ------------------- 
  #       direct call      overloaded call   
 ------- ---------------- ------------------- 
  min     0 ms - 0 bytes   0 ms - 0 bytes     
  max     0 ms - 0 bytes   0.02 ms - 0 bytes  
  avg     0 ms - 0 bytes   0 ms - 0 bytes     
  total   0.95 ms          1.16 ms            
 ------- ---------------- ------------------- 
  Order   - 1 -            - 2 -              
 ------- ---------------- ------------------- 

It's important to understand that memoization plays a very important role here. CLI workers and applications, served via Roadrunner, for instance, will benefit from this. For PHP-FPM you can enable file cache suitable for OPcaching via Overload::useFileCache('/path/to/cache');.

TODO

• Finish tests.
• Explain caching in README.
• Optimize generated code.
• Inherit attributes from upstream method declarations.
• Allow to warm up classes.
• Psalm plugin.
• PHPStan plugin.
• Support static analysis types.