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Unable to compile an hello world example with GraalVM native-image on any 3.3.x using sbt-native-image #3051

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Unable to compile an hello world example with GraalVM native-image on any 3.3.x using sbt-native-image#3051
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vasilmkd
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🪲 bug
@TonioGela

Description

@TonioGela
TonioGela
opened on Jun 26, 2022

Hello 👋!

As per the title, I've tried compiling a dead stupid Hello World

object Main extends IOApp.Simple {
  def run: IO[Unit] = IO.println("Hello cats!")
}

using sbt-native-image 0.3.1 with these configurations

ThisBuild / organization := "com.example"
ThisBuild / scalaVersion := "2.13.8"

lazy val root = (project in file(".")).enablePlugins(NativeImagePlugin).settings(
  name := "cats-effect-3-quick-start",
  libraryDependencies += "org.typelevel" %% "cats-effect" % "<CE_VERSION>",
  Compile / mainClass := Some("com.example.Main"),
  nativeImageOptions ++= List("-H:+ReportExceptionStackTraces", "--no-fallback")
)
// GraalVM version is [email protected] as per sbt-native-image default

and while for CE_VERSION in 2.5.5 to 3.2.9 I get a native executable that works flawlessly, for CE_VERSIONs in 3.3.0 to 3.3.12 I consistently get these errors 👇

Stacktraces 
[/Users/toniogela/Desktop/cats-effect-3-quick-start/target/native-image/cats-effect-3-quick-start:95767]    classlist:   3,666.84 ms,  0.96 GB
[/Users/toniogela/Desktop/cats-effect-3-quick-start/target/native-image/cats-effect-3-quick-start:95767]        (cap):   2,111.30 ms,  0.96 GB
[/Users/toniogela/Desktop/cats-effect-3-quick-start/target/native-image/cats-effect-3-quick-start:95767]        setup:   3,271.69 ms,  0.95 GB
[/Users/toniogela/Desktop/cats-effect-3-quick-start/target/native-image/cats-effect-3-quick-start:95767]     (clinit):     243.10 ms,  1.46 GB
[/Users/toniogela/Desktop/cats-effect-3-quick-start/target/native-image/cats-effect-3-quick-start:95767]   (typeflow):   6,919.81 ms,  1.46 GB
[/Users/toniogela/Desktop/cats-effect-3-quick-start/target/native-image/cats-effect-3-quick-start:95767]    (objects):   6,171.18 ms,  1.46 GB
[/Users/toniogela/Desktop/cats-effect-3-quick-start/target/native-image/cats-effect-3-quick-start:95767]   (features):     384.15 ms,  1.46 GB
[/Users/toniogela/Desktop/cats-effect-3-quick-start/target/native-image/cats-effect-3-quick-start:95767]     analysis:  14,156.76 ms,  1.46 GB
Error: Unsupported features in 4 methods
Detailed message:iveImage 21s
Error: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnsupportedFeatureException: Invoke with MethodHandle argument could not be reduced to at most a single call or single field access. The method handle must be a compile time constant, e.g., be loaded from a `static final` field. Method that contains the method handle invocation: java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.invokeBasic(Object)
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The error is then reported at run time when the invoke is executed.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3040.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/1770187164.invoke_MT(Object, Object, Object): 
        at java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3040.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
        at cats.effect.Signal$2.handle(Signal.java:121)
        at cats.effect.Signal.handle(Signal.java:64)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7(IOApp.scala:260)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7$adapted(IOApp.scala:259)
        at cats.effect.IOApp$$Lambda$521/0x00000007c1261040.apply(Unknown Source)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.onFatalFailure(IOFiber.scala:1513)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.blockingR(IOFiber.scala:1367)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.run(IOFiber.scala:144)
        at cats.effect.unsafe.WorkerThread.run(WorkerThread.scala:461)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.thread.JavaThreads.threadStartRoutine(JavaThreads.java:517)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.posix.thread.PosixJavaThreads.pthreadStartRoutine(PosixJavaThreads.java:192)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.code.IsolateEnterStub.PosixJavaThreads_pthreadStartRoutine_e1f4a8c0039f8337338252cd8734f63a79b5e3df(generated:0)
Error: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnsupportedFeatureException: Invoke with MethodHandle argument could not be reduced to at most a single call or single field access. The method handle must be a compile time constant, e.g., be loaded from a `static final` field. Method that contains the method handle invocation: java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.invokeBasic(Object, Object)
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The error is then reported at run time when the invoke is executed.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3440.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/1765514060.invoke_MT(Object, Object, Object, Object): 
        at java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3440.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
        at cats.effect.Signal$2.handle(Signal.java:122)
        at cats.effect.Signal.handle(Signal.java:64)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7(IOApp.scala:260)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7$adapted(IOApp.scala:259)
        at cats.effect.IOApp$$Lambda$521/0x00000007c1261040.apply(Unknown Source)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.onFatalFailure(IOFiber.scala:1513)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.blockingR(IOFiber.scala:1367)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.run(IOFiber.scala:144)
        at cats.effect.unsafe.WorkerThread.run(WorkerThread.scala:461)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.thread.JavaThreads.threadStartRoutine(JavaThreads.java:517)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.posix.thread.PosixJavaThreads.pthreadStartRoutine(PosixJavaThreads.java:192)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.code.IsolateEnterStub.PosixJavaThreads_pthreadStartRoutine_e1f4a8c0039f8337338252cd8734f63a79b5e3df(generated:0)
Error: com.oracle.svm.hosted.substitute.DeletedElementException: Unsupported type java.lang.invoke.MemberName is reachable: All methods from java.lang.invoke should have been replaced during image building.
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The unsupported element is then reported at run time when it is accessed the first time.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findConstructor(MethodHandles.java:1264)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findConstructor(Class, MethodType): 
        no path found from entry point to target method

Error: com.oracle.svm.hosted.substitute.DeletedElementException: Unsupported type java.lang.invoke.MemberName is reachable: All methods from java.lang.invoke should have been replaced during image building.
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The unsupported element is then reported at run time when it is accessed the first time.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findStatic(MethodHandles.java:1102)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findStatic(Class, String, MethodType): 
        no path found from entry point to target method


com.oracle.svm.core.util.UserError$UserException: Unsupported features in 4 methods
Detailed message:
Error: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnsupportedFeatureException: Invoke with MethodHandle argument could not be reduced to at most a single call or single field access. The method handle must be a compile time constant, e.g., be loaded from a `static final` field. Method that contains the method handle invocation: java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.invokeBasic(Object)
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The error is then reported at run time when the invoke is executed.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3040.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/1770187164.invoke_MT(Object, Object, Object): 
        at java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3040.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
        at cats.effect.Signal$2.handle(Signal.java:121)
        at cats.effect.Signal.handle(Signal.java:64)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7(IOApp.scala:260)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7$adapted(IOApp.scala:259)
        at cats.effect.IOApp$$Lambda$521/0x00000007c1261040.apply(Unknown Source)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.onFatalFailure(IOFiber.scala:1513)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.blockingR(IOFiber.scala:1367)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.run(IOFiber.scala:144)
        at cats.effect.unsafe.WorkerThread.run(WorkerThread.scala:461)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.thread.JavaThreads.threadStartRoutine(JavaThreads.java:517)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.posix.thread.PosixJavaThreads.pthreadStartRoutine(PosixJavaThreads.java:192)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.code.IsolateEnterStub.PosixJavaThreads_pthreadStartRoutine_e1f4a8c0039f8337338252cd8734f63a79b5e3df(generated:0)
Error: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnsupportedFeatureException: Invoke with MethodHandle argument could not be reduced to at most a single call or single field access. The method handle must be a compile time constant, e.g., be loaded from a `static final` field. Method that contains the method handle invocation: java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.invokeBasic(Object, Object)
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The error is then reported at run time when the invoke is executed.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3440.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/1765514060.invoke_MT(Object, Object, Object, Object): 
        at java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3440.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
        at cats.effect.Signal$2.handle(Signal.java:122)
        at cats.effect.Signal.handle(Signal.java:64)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7(IOApp.scala:260)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7$adapted(IOApp.scala:259)
        at cats.effect.IOApp$$Lambda$521/0x00000007c1261040.apply(Unknown Source)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.onFatalFailure(IOFiber.scala:1513)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.blockingR(IOFiber.scala:1367)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.run(IOFiber.scala:144)
        at cats.effect.unsafe.WorkerThread.run(WorkerThread.scala:461)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.thread.JavaThreads.threadStartRoutine(JavaThreads.java:517)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.posix.thread.PosixJavaThreads.pthreadStartRoutine(PosixJavaThreads.java:192)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.code.IsolateEnterStub.PosixJavaThreads_pthreadStartRoutine_e1f4a8c0039f8337338252cd8734f63a79b5e3df(generated:0)
Error: com.oracle.svm.hosted.substitute.DeletedElementException: Unsupported type java.lang.invoke.MemberName is reachable: All methods from java.lang.invoke should have been replaced during image building.
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The unsupported element is then reported at run time when it is accessed the first time.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findConstructor(MethodHandles.java:1264)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findConstructor(Class, MethodType): 
        no path found from entry point to target method

Error: com.oracle.svm.hosted.substitute.DeletedElementException: Unsupported type java.lang.invoke.MemberName is reachable: All methods from java.lang.invoke should have been replaced during image building.
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The unsupported element is then reported at run time when it is accessed the first time.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findStatic(MethodHandles.java:1102)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findStatic(Class, String, MethodType): 
        no path found from entry point to target method


        at com.oracle.svm.core.util.UserError.abort(UserError.java:79)
        at com.oracle.svm.hosted.FallbackFeature.reportAsFallback(FallbackFeature.java:217)
        at com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGenerator.runPointsToAnalysis(NativeImageGenerator.java:765)
        at com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGenerator.doRun(NativeImageGenerator.java:555)
        at com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGenerator.lambda$run$0(NativeImageGenerator.java:468)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask$AdaptedRunnableAction.exec(ForkJoinTask.java:1407)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinTask.doExec(ForkJoinTask.java:290)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool$WorkQueue.topLevelExec(ForkJoinPool.java:1020)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.scan(ForkJoinPool.java:1656)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinPool.runWorker(ForkJoinPool.java:1594)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ForkJoinWorkerThread.run(ForkJoinWorkerThread.java:183)
Caused by: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnsupportedFeatureException: Unsupported features in 4 methods
Detailed message:
Error: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnsupportedFeatureException: Invoke with MethodHandle argument could not be reduced to at most a single call or single field access. The method handle must be a compile time constant, e.g., be loaded from a `static final` field. Method that contains the method handle invocation: java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.invokeBasic(Object)
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The error is then reported at run time when the invoke is executed.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3040.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/1770187164.invoke_MT(Object, Object, Object): 
        at java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3040.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
        at cats.effect.Signal$2.handle(Signal.java:121)
        at cats.effect.Signal.handle(Signal.java:64)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7(IOApp.scala:260)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7$adapted(IOApp.scala:259)
        at cats.effect.IOApp$$Lambda$521/0x00000007c1261040.apply(Unknown Source)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.onFatalFailure(IOFiber.scala:1513)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.blockingR(IOFiber.scala:1367)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.run(IOFiber.scala:144)
        at cats.effect.unsafe.WorkerThread.run(WorkerThread.scala:461)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.thread.JavaThreads.threadStartRoutine(JavaThreads.java:517)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.posix.thread.PosixJavaThreads.pthreadStartRoutine(PosixJavaThreads.java:192)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.code.IsolateEnterStub.PosixJavaThreads_pthreadStartRoutine_e1f4a8c0039f8337338252cd8734f63a79b5e3df(generated:0)
Error: com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnsupportedFeatureException: Invoke with MethodHandle argument could not be reduced to at most a single call or single field access. The method handle must be a compile time constant, e.g., be loaded from a `static final` field. Method that contains the method handle invocation: java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.invokeBasic(Object, Object)
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The error is then reported at run time when the invoke is executed.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3440.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/1765514060.invoke_MT(Object, Object, Object, Object): 
        at java.lang.invoke.LambdaForm$MH/0x00000007c12f3440.invoke_MT(LambdaForm$MH)
        at cats.effect.Signal$2.handle(Signal.java:122)
        at cats.effect.Signal.handle(Signal.java:64)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7(IOApp.scala:260)
        at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$7$adapted(IOApp.scala:259)
        at cats.effect.IOApp$$Lambda$521/0x00000007c1261040.apply(Unknown Source)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.onFatalFailure(IOFiber.scala:1513)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.blockingR(IOFiber.scala:1367)
        at cats.effect.IOFiber.run(IOFiber.scala:144)
        at cats.effect.unsafe.WorkerThread.run(WorkerThread.scala:461)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.thread.JavaThreads.threadStartRoutine(JavaThreads.java:517)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.posix.thread.PosixJavaThreads.pthreadStartRoutine(PosixJavaThreads.java:192)
        at com.oracle.svm.core.code.IsolateEnterStub.PosixJavaThreads_pthreadStartRoutine_e1f4a8c0039f8337338252cd8734f63a79b5e3df(generated:0)
Error: com.oracle.svm.hosted.substitute.DeletedElementException: Unsupported type java.lang.invoke.MemberName is reachable: All methods from java.lang.invoke should have been replaced during image building.
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The unsupported element is then reported at run time when it is accessed the first time.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findConstructor(MethodHandles.java:1264)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findConstructor(Class, MethodType): 
        no path found from entry point to target method

Error: com.oracle.svm.hosted.substitute.DeletedElementException: Unsupported type java.lang.invoke.MemberName is reachable: All methods from java.lang.invoke should have been replaced during image building.
To diagnose the issue, you can add the option --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime. The unsupported element is then reported at run time when it is accessed the first time.
Trace: 
        at parsing java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findStatic(MethodHandles.java:1102)
Call path from entry point to java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles$Lookup.findStatic(Class, String, MethodType): 
        no path found from entry point to target method


        at com.oracle.graal.pointsto.constraints.UnsupportedFeatures.report(UnsupportedFeatures.java:129)
        at com.oracle.svm.hosted.NativeImageGenerator.runPointsToAnalysis(NativeImageGenerator.java:762)
        ... 8 more
Error: Image build request failed with exit status 1

According to the documentation, the 3.3.x releases should contain the extra metadata needed to handle the reflective calls, but if it does, I haven't still found a way to use them, at least with sbt-native-image. Once discovered (or fixed in case this is a bug), I'll be glad to add the how-to on that documentation page.

My test running the compiled jar using runAgent to get the metadata for native-image were unsuccessful (I can add the details if needed).

Tests done using scala-cli
scala-cli package --native-image hello-cats.scala --graalvm-jvm-id graalvm-java11:20.2.0 -f -- --no-fallback -H:+ReportExceptionStackTraces

led me to the same results using this file

//> using scala "2.13.8"
//> using lib "org.typelevel::cats-effect::3.3.12"

import cats.effect.IOApp
import cats.effect.IO

object Main extends IOApp.Simple {
  def run: IO[Unit] = IO.println("Hello cats!")
}

Lastly, adding --report-unsupported-elements-at-runtime will make the build succeed, but I get this exception at runtime:

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class scala.concurrent.duration.Duration$
	at com.oracle.svm.core.classinitialization.ClassInitializationInfo.initialize(ClassInitializationInfo.java:215)
	at cats.effect.unsafe.IORuntimeConfig$.DefaultShutdownHookTimeout(IORuntimeConfig.scala:94)
	at cats.effect.unsafe.IORuntimeConfigCompanionPlatform.$anonfun$Default$11(IORuntimeConfigCompanionPlatform.scala:45)
	at scala.util.Failure.getOrElse(Try.scala:219)
	at cats.effect.unsafe.IORuntimeConfigCompanionPlatform.<init>(IORuntimeConfigCompanionPlatform.scala:45)
	at cats.effect.unsafe.IORuntimeConfig$.<init>(IORuntimeConfig.scala:89)
	at cats.effect.unsafe.IORuntimeConfig$.<clinit>(IORuntimeConfig.scala:89)
	at com.oracle.svm.core.classinitialization.ClassInitializationInfo.invokeClassInitializer(ClassInitializationInfo.java:351)
	at com.oracle.svm.core.classinitialization.ClassInitializationInfo.initialize(ClassInitializationInfo.java:271)
	at cats.effect.IOApp.runtimeConfig(IOApp.scala:163)
	at cats.effect.IOApp.runtimeConfig$(IOApp.scala:163)
	at Main$.runtimeConfig(cats.scala:7)
	at cats.effect.IOApp.$anonfun$main$1(IOApp.scala:235)
	at cats.effect.unsafe.IORuntimeCompanionPlatform.installGlobal(IORuntimeCompanionPlatform.scala:137)
	at cats.effect.IOApp.main(IOApp.scala:210)
	at cats.effect.IOApp.main$(IOApp.scala:203)
	at Main$.main(cats.scala:7)
	at Main.main(cats.scala)

Let me know if further details need to be added

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