According to the API documentation https://asm.ow2.io/javadoc/org/objectweb/asm/tree/AnnotationNode.html#values an annotation value can also be an AnnotationNode object. But createAnnotationUsage(List) from AsmUtil in sootup.java.bytecode.frontend only considers a list of AnnotationNodes as a possible annotation value, but no single AnnotationNode objects.