<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<!-- EN-Revision: b47e4bea197126359815c5e43403c4b77a0aaaa7 Maintainer: yannick Status: ready -->

<!-- Reviewed: yes -->

<chapter xml:id="xml.examples" xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">

&reftitle.examples;

<section xml:id="example.xml-structure">

<title>Exemple de structure XML</title>

<para>

Ce premier exemple affiche la structure de l'élément

de début dans un document avec indentation.

<example>

<title>Afficher une structure XML</title>

<programlisting role="php">

<![CDATA[

<?php

$file = "examples/book.xml";

$depth = 0;

function startElement($parser, $name, $attrs)

{

global $depth;

for ($i = 0; $i < $depth; $i++) {

echo " ";

}

echo "$name\n";

$depth++;

}

function endElement($parser, $name)

{

global $depth;

$depth--;

}

$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();

xml_set_element_handler($xml_parser, "startElement", "endElement");

if (!($fp = fopen($file, "r"))) {

die("could not open XML input");

}

while ($data = fread($fp, 4096)) {

if (!xml_parse($xml_parser, $data, feof($fp))) {

die(sprintf("XML error: %s at line %d",

xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($xml_parser)),

xml_get_current_line_number($xml_parser)));

}

}

?>

]]>

</programlisting>

</example>

</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="example.xml-map-tags">

<title>Transtypage XML -> HTML</title>

<para>

<example>

<title>Transtypage XML -> HTML</title>

<para>

Cet exemple remplace les balises XML d'un document par des balises

HTML. Les éléments inconnus seront ignorés.

Bien entendu, cet exemple sera appliqué à un type

précis de fichiers XML.

</para>

<programlisting role="php">

<![CDATA[

<?php

$file = "examples/book.xml";

$map_array = array(

"BOLD" => "B",

"EMPHASIS" => "I",

"LITERAL" => "TT"

);

function startElement($parser, $name, $attrs)

{

global $map_array;

if (isset($map_array[$name])) {

echo "<$map_array[$name]>";

}

}

function endElement($parser, $name)

{

global $map_array;

if (isset($map_array[$name])) {

echo "</$map_array[$name]>";

}

}

function characterData($parser, $data)

{

echo $data;

}

$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();

// Utilisons la gestion de casse, de manière à être sûrs de trouver la balise dans $map_array

xml_parser_set_option($xml_parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, true);

xml_set_element_handler($xml_parser, "startElement", "endElement");

xml_set_character_data_handler($xml_parser, "characterData");

if (!($fp = fopen($file, "r"))) {

die("could not open XML input");

}

while ($data = fread($fp, 4096)) {

if (!xml_parse($xml_parser, $data, feof($fp))) {

die(sprintf("Erreur XML: %s at line %d",

xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($xml_parser)),

xml_get_current_line_number($xml_parser)));

}

}

?>

]]>

</programlisting>

</example>

</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="example.xml-external-entity">

<title>Entité externe</title>

<para>

Cet exemple exploite les références externes de XML :

il est possible d'utiliser un gestionnaire d'entité externe

pour inclure et analyser les documents, tout comme les instructions

exécutables peuvent servir à inclure et analyser

d'autres documents, et aussi fournir une indication de confiance

(voir plus bas).

</para>

<para>

Le document XML qui est utilisé dans cet exemple est fourni plus

loin dans l'exemple (<filename>xmltest.xml</filename> et

<filename>xmltest2.xml</filename>).

</para>

<para>

<example>

<title>Entité externe</title>

<programlisting role="php" annotations="non-interactive">

<![CDATA[

<?php

$file = "xmltest.xml";

function trustedFile($file)

{

// faites seulement confiance aux fichiers locaux dont vous êtes le propriétaire

if (!preg_match("@^([a-z][a-z0-9+.-]*)\:\/\/@i", $file)

&& fileowner($file) == getmyuid()) {

return true;

}

return false;

}

function startElement($parser, $name, $attribs)

{

echo "&lt;<font color=\"#0000cc\">$name</font>";

if (count($attribs)) {

foreach ($attribs as $k => $v) {

echo " <font color=\"#009900\">$k</font>=\"<font

color=\"#990000\">$v</font>\"";

}

}

echo "&gt;";

}

function endElement($parser, $name)

{

echo "&lt;/<font color=\"#0000cc\">$name</font>&gt;";

}

function characterData($parser, $data)

{

echo "<b>$data</b>";

}

function PIHandler($parser, $target, $data)

{

switch (strtolower($target)) {

case "php":

global $parser_file;

// si le document analysé est de confiance, nous déclarons qu'il est sûr

// d'exécuter le code PHP qu'il contient. Si ce n'est pas le cas, le code est affiché

// à la place.

if (trustedFile($parser_file[$parser])) {

eval($data);

} else {

printf("Untrusted PHP code: <i>%s</i>",

htmlspecialchars($data));

}

break;

}

}

function defaultHandler($parser, $data)

{

if (substr($data, 0, 1) == "&" && substr($data, -1, 1) == ";") {

printf('<font color="#aa00aa">%s</font>',

htmlspecialchars($data));

} else {

printf('<font size="-1">%s</font>',

htmlspecialchars($data));

}

}

function externalEntityRefHandler($parser, $openEntityNames, $base, $systemId,

$publicId) {

if ($systemId) {

if (!list($parser, $fp) = new_xml_parser($systemId)) {

printf("Could not open entity %s at %s\n", $openEntityNames,

$systemId);

return false;

}

while ($data = fread($fp, 4096)) {

if (!xml_parse($parser, $data, feof($fp))) {

printf("XML error: %s at line %d while parsing entity %s\n",

xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($parser)),

xml_get_current_line_number($parser), $openEntityNames);

return false;

}

}

return true;

}

return false;

}

function new_xml_parser($file)

{

global $parser_file;

$xml_parser = xml_parser_create();

xml_parser_set_option($xml_parser, XML_OPTION_CASE_FOLDING, 1);

xml_set_element_handler($xml_parser, "startElement", "endElement");

xml_set_character_data_handler($xml_parser, "characterData");

xml_set_processing_instruction_handler($xml_parser, "PIHandler");

xml_set_default_handler($xml_parser, "defaultHandler");

xml_set_external_entity_ref_handler($xml_parser, "externalEntityRefHandler");

if (!($fp = @fopen($file, "r"))) {

return false;

}

if (!is_array($parser_file)) {

settype($parser_file, "array");

}

$parser_file[$xml_parser] = $file;

return array($xml_parser, $fp);

}

if (!(list($xml_parser, $fp) = new_xml_parser($file))) {

die("could not open XML input");

}

echo "<pre>";

while ($data = fread($fp, 4096)) {

if (!xml_parse($xml_parser, $data, feof($fp))) {

die(sprintf("XML error: %s at line %d\n",

xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($xml_parser)),

xml_get_current_line_number($xml_parser)));

}

}

echo "</pre>";

echo "parse complete\n";

?>

]]>

</programlisting>

</example>

</para>

<para>

<example>

<title>xmltest.xml</title>

<programlisting role="xml">

<![CDATA[

<?xml version='1.0'?>

<!DOCTYPE chapter SYSTEM "/just/a/test.dtd" [

<!ENTITY plainEntity "FOO entity">

<!ENTITY systemEntity SYSTEM "xmltest2.xml">

]>

<chapter>

<TITLE>Title &plainEntity;</TITLE>

<para>

<informaltable>

<tgroup cols="3">

<tbody>

<row><entry>a1</entry><entry morerows="1">b1</entry><entry>c1</entry></row>

<row><entry>a2</entry><entry>c2</entry></row>

<row><entry>a3</entry><entry>b3</entry><entry>c3</entry></row>

</tbody>

</tgroup>

</informaltable>

</para>

&systemEntity;

<section id="about">

<title>About this Document</title>

<para>

<!-- this is a comment -->

<?php echo 'Hi! This is PHP version ' . phpversion(); ?>

</para>

</section>

</chapter>

]]>

</programlisting>

</example>

</para>

<para>

Ce fichier est inclus depuis <filename>xmltest.xml</filename> :

<example>

<title>xmltest2.xml</title>

<programlisting role="xml">

<![CDATA[

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<!DOCTYPE foo [

<!ENTITY testEnt "test entity">

]>

<foo>

<element attrib="value"/>

&testEnt;

<?php echo "Ceci est du code PHP qui est exécuté."; ?>

</foo>

]]>

</programlisting>

</example>

</para>

</section>

<section xml:id="example.xml-parsing-with-class">

<title>Analyse XML avec une classe</title>

<para>

Cet exemple montre comment utiliser une classe avec des gestionnaires.

<example>

<title>Afficher la structure des éléments XML</title>

<programlisting role="php">

<![CDATA[

<?php

$file = "examples/book.xml";

class CustomXMLParser

{

private $fp;

private $parser;

private $depth = 0;

function __construct(string $file)

{

if (!($this->fp = fopen($file, 'r'))) {

throw new RunTimeException("impossible d'ouvrir le fichier XML '{$file}'");

}

$this->parser = xml_parser_create();

xml_set_element_handler($this->parser, self::startElement(...), self::endElement(...));

xml_set_character_data_handler($this->parser, self::cdata(...));

}

private function startElement($parser, $name, $attrs)

{

for ($i = 0; $i < $this->depth; $i++) {

echo " ";

}

echo "$name\n";

$this->depth++;

}

private function endElement($parser, $name)

{

$this->depth--;

}

private function cdata($parser, $cdata)

{

if (trim($cdata) === '') {

return;

}

for ($i = 0; $i < $this->depth; $i++) {

echo " ";

}

echo trim($cdata), "\n";

}

public function parse()

{

while ($data = fread($this->fp, 4096)) {

if (!xml_parse($this->parser, $data, feof($this->fp))) {

throw new RunTimeException(

sprintf(

"Erreur XML : %s à la ligne %d",

xml_error_string(xml_get_error_code($this->parser)),

xml_get_current_line_number($this->parser)

)

);

}

}

}

}

$xmlParser = new CustomXMLParser($file);

$xmlParser->parse();

?>

]]>

</programlisting>

</example>

</para>

</section>

</chapter>

<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file

Local variables:

mode: sgml

sgml-omittag:t

sgml-shorttag:t

sgml-minimize-attributes:nil

sgml-always-quote-attributes:t

sgml-indent-step:1

sgml-indent-data:t

indent-tabs-mode:nil

sgml-parent-document:nil

sgml-default-dtd-file:"~/.phpdoc/manual.ced"

sgml-exposed-tags:nil

sgml-local-catalogs:nil

sgml-local-ecat-files:nil

End:

vim600: syn=xml fen fdm=syntax fdl=2 si

vim: et tw=78 syn=sgml

vi: ts=1 sw=1

-->