@@ -91,13 +91,29 @@ jobs:
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
       - name: Use Node.js ${{ env.NODE_VERSION }}
+        id: setup-node
         uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020  # v7.0.0
         with:
           node-version: ${{ env.NODE_VERSION }}
+          cache: npm
+          cache-dependency-path: |
+            tools/doc/package-lock.json
+            tools/eslint/package-lock.json
+            tools/lint-md/package-lock.json
+      - name: Cache ESLint results
+        uses: actions/cache@55cc8345863c7cc4c66a329aec7e433d2d1c52a9  # v6.1.0
+        env:
+          # ESLint only invalidates its cache on config changes, so the key also
+          # covers the custom rules and the files they read.
+          cache-prefix: eslint-${{ runner.os }}-${{ steps.setup-node.outputs.node-version }}-${{ hashFiles('eslint.config.mjs', '*/eslint.config_partial.mjs', 'tools/eslint/*', 'tools/eslint-rules/**', 'doc/api/errors.md', 'doc/api/deprecations.md') }}
+        with:
+          path: .eslintcache
+          key: ${{ env.cache-prefix }}-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: ${{ env.cache-prefix }}-
       - name: Lint JavaScript files
         run: |
           set +e
-          NODE=$(command -v node) make lint-js
+          NODE=$(command -v node) make lint-js ESLINT_CACHE_FLAGS='--cache --cache-strategy content'
           EXIT_CODE="$?"
           if [ "$EXIT_CODE" != "0" ]; then
             echo
@@ -127,7 +143,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Lint markdown files
         run: |
           echo "::add-matcher::.github/workflows/remark-lint-problem-matcher.json"
-          NODE=$(command -v node) make lint-md
+          NODE=$(command -v node) make lint-md ESLINT_CACHE_FLAGS='--cache --cache-strategy content'
         env:
           NODE_RELEASED_VERSIONS: ${{ steps.get-released-versions.outputs.NODE_RELEASED_VERSIONS }}
   lint-py:
 
@@ -1411,10 +1411,10 @@ format-md: tools/lint-md/node_modules/remark-parse/package.json ## Format the ma
 	@$(call available-node,$(run-format-md))
 
 
-
+ESLINT_CACHE_FLAGS ?= --cache
 LINT_JS_TARGETS = eslint.config.mjs benchmark doc lib test tools
 
-run-lint-js = tools/eslint/node_modules/eslint/bin/eslint.js --cache \
+run-lint-js = tools/eslint/node_modules/eslint/bin/eslint.js $(ESLINT_CACHE_FLAGS) \
 	--max-warnings=0 --report-unused-disable-directives \
 	--concurrency auto $(LINT_JS_TARGETS)
 run-lint-js-fix = $(run-lint-js) --fix