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[Merged by Bors] - feat: the Fuglede–Putnam–Rosenblum theorem for C⋆-algebras#37569

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[Merged by Bors] - feat: the Fuglede–Putnam–Rosenblum theorem for C⋆-algebras#37569
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Let A be a C⋆-algebra, and let a b x : A. The Fuglede–Putnam–Rosenblum theorem states that if a and b are normal and x intertwines a and b (i.e., SemiconjBy x a b). Then x also intertwines star a and star b. Fuglede's original result was for a = b (i.e., if x commutes with a, then x also commutes with star a), and Putnam extended it to intertwining elements. Rosenblum later gave the elementary proof formalized here using Liouville's theorem.

A version of the Fuglede–Putnam theorem also holds for unbounded operators, but it necessitates a different proof technique and holds in different generality than the one given here.


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github-actions bot commented Apr 2, 2026

PR summary 35186be320

Import changes for modified files

No significant changes to the import graph

Import changes for all files
Files Import difference
Mathlib.Analysis.CStarAlgebra.Fuglede (new file) 2683

Declarations diff

+ IsStarNormal.commute_star_left
+ IsStarNormal.commute_star_right
+ SemiconjBy.smul_left
+ SemiconjBy.smul_left_iff
+ SemiconjBy.smul_left_iff₀
+ SemiconjBy.smul_right
+ SemiconjBy.smul_right_iff
+ SemiconjBy.smul_right_iff₀
+ SemiconjBy.star_right
+ SemiconjBy.star_right_of_unital
+ SemiconjBy.tsum_left
+ SemiconjBy.tsum_right
+ _root_.SemiconjBy.exp_neg_mul_mul_exp_eq_self
+ _root_.SemiconjBy.exp_right
+ differentiableAt_exp_smul_const
+ differentiable_exp_smul_const
+ expMulMulExp
+ expMulMulExp_const
+ expMulMulExp_eq_expUnitary_mul_mul_expUnitary
+ fuglede_putnam_rosenblum
+ isStarNormal_iff_forall_exp_mul_exp_mem_unitary

You can run this locally as follows
## summary with just the declaration names:
./scripts/pr_summary/declarations_diff.sh <optional_commit>

## more verbose report:
./scripts/pr_summary/declarations_diff.sh long <optional_commit>

The doc-module for scripts/pr_summary/declarations_diff.sh contains some details about this script.


No changes to technical debt.

You can run this locally as

./scripts/reporting/technical-debt-metrics.sh pr_summary
  • The relative value is the weighted sum of the differences with weight given by the inverse of the current value of the statistic.
  • The absolute value is the relative value divided by the total sum of the inverses of the current values (i.e. the weighted average of the differences).

@j-loreaux j-loreaux requested a review from loefflerd April 2, 2026 20:07
@loefflerd loefflerd self-assigned this Apr 3, 2026
@loefflerd loefflerd added the t-analysis Analysis (normed *, calculus) label Apr 3, 2026
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Thanks for doing this, it's a cool result and I'm happy we are in a position to add it to mathlib!

Comment thread Mathlib/Topology/Algebra/InfiniteSum/Ring.lean Outdated
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@loefflerd loefflerd added the awaiting-author A reviewer has asked the author a question or requested changes. label Apr 4, 2026
@j-loreaux j-loreaux removed the awaiting-author A reviewer has asked the author a question or requested changes. label Apr 4, 2026
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This is looking great now, just a few more pieces of unrestrained pedantry from me

maintainer delegate

Comment thread Mathlib/Analysis/CStarAlgebra/Fuglede.lean Outdated
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github-actions bot commented Apr 6, 2026

🚀 Pull request has been placed on the maintainer queue by loefflerd.

@mathlib-triage mathlib-triage bot added the maintainer-merge A reviewer has approved the changed; awaiting maintainer approval. label Apr 6, 2026
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Thanks, both to author and reviewer!

bors merge

@mathlib-triage mathlib-triage bot added ready-to-merge This PR has been sent to bors. and removed maintainer-merge A reviewer has approved the changed; awaiting maintainer approval. labels Apr 9, 2026
mathlib-bors bot pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Apr 9, 2026
Let `A` be a C⋆-algebra, and let `a b x : A`. The Fuglede–Putnam–Rosenblum theorem states that if `a` and `b` are normal and `x` intertwines `a` and `b` (i.e., `SemiconjBy x a b`). Then `x` also intertwines `star a` and `star b`. Fuglede's original result was for `a = b` (i.e., if `x` commutes with `a`, then `x` also commutes with `star a`), and Putnam extended it to intertwining elements. Rosenblum later gave the elementary proof formalized here using Liouville's theorem.

A version of the Fuglede–Putnam theorem also holds for unbounded operators, but it necessitates a different proof technique and holds in different generality than the one given here.
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mathlib-bors bot commented Apr 9, 2026

Pull request successfully merged into master.

Build succeeded:

@mathlib-bors mathlib-bors bot changed the title feat: the Fuglede–Putnam–Rosenblum theorem for C⋆-algebras [Merged by Bors] - feat: the Fuglede–Putnam–Rosenblum theorem for C⋆-algebras Apr 9, 2026
@mathlib-bors mathlib-bors bot closed this Apr 9, 2026
xroblot pushed a commit to xroblot/mathlib4 that referenced this pull request Apr 10, 2026
…r-community#37569)

Let `A` be a C⋆-algebra, and let `a b x : A`. The Fuglede–Putnam–Rosenblum theorem states that if `a` and `b` are normal and `x` intertwines `a` and `b` (i.e., `SemiconjBy x a b`). Then `x` also intertwines `star a` and `star b`. Fuglede's original result was for `a = b` (i.e., if `x` commutes with `a`, then `x` also commutes with `star a`), and Putnam extended it to intertwining elements. Rosenblum later gave the elementary proof formalized here using Liouville's theorem.

A version of the Fuglede–Putnam theorem also holds for unbounded operators, but it necessitates a different proof technique and holds in different generality than the one given here.
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