Analysis-Ready, Cloud Optimized ERA5

Recipes for reproducing Analysis-Ready & Cloud Optimized (ARCO) ERA5 datasets.

Introduction • Overview • Get Started with Colab Notebooks • Analysis Ready Data • Raw Cloud Optimized Data • Project roadmap • How to reproduce • FAQs • How to cite this work • License

Introduction

Our goal is to make a global history of the climate highly accessible in the cloud. To that end, we present a curated copy of the ERA5 corpus in Google Cloud Public Datasets.

What is ERA5?

ERA5 is the fifth generation of ECMWF's Atmospheric Reanalysis. It spans atmospheric, land, and ocean variables. ERA5 is an hourly dataset with global coverage at 30km resolution (~0.28° x 0.28°), ranging from 1979 to the present. The total ERA5 dataset is about 5 petabytes in size.

Check out ECMWF's documentation on ERA5 for more.

What is a reanalysis?

A reanalysis is the "most complete picture currently possible of past weather and climate." Reanalyses are created from assimilation of a wide range of data sources via numerical weather prediction (NWP) models.

Read ECMWF's introduction to reanalysis for more.

So far, we have ingested meteorologically valuable variables for the land and atmosphere. From this, we have produced a cloud-optimized version of ERA5, in which we have converted grib data to Zarr with no other modifications. In addition, we have created "analysis-ready" versions on regular lat-lon grids, oriented towards common research & ML workflows.

This two-pronged approach for the data serves different user needs. Some researchers need full control over the interpolation of data for their analysis. Most will want a batteries-included dataset, where standard pre-processing and chunk optimization is already applied. In general, we ensure that every step in this pipeline is open and reproducible, to provide transparency in the provenance of all data.

Overview

Location	Type	Description
`$BUCKET/ar/`	Analysis Ready	An ML-ready, unified (surface & atmospheric) version of the data in Zarr.
`$BUCKET/co/`	Cloud Optimized	A port of gaussian-gridded ERA5 data to Zarr.
`$BUCKET/raw/`	Raw Data	All raw grib & NetCDF data.

The gcp-public-data-arco-era5 bucket is stored in the us-central1 (Iowa) Google Cloud region.
The stable version of ERA5 is updated on a monthly cadence (on roughly the 9th of each month) with a 3 month delay. The preliminary version of ERA5, known as ERA5T is available with approximately 1 week delay (where 5-6 days delay are due to processing at ECWMF).
The most recent data available can be found by examining the metadata associated with each Zarr store. The metadata encompasses three essential attributes: valid_time_start, valid_time_stop (for ERA5), and last_updated. For ERA5T, use valid_time_stop_era5t instead. These attributes specify the start date, stop date, and most recent time of update for the dataset's data, respectively. Please note that both start and end times are inclusive, and all times are given in UTC.

Get Started with Colab Notebooks

Explore the ERA5 dataset interactively with these notebooks:

Notebook	Description	Open in Colab
Surface Reanalysis Walkthrough	Learn how to work with surface-level ERA5 data
Model Levels Walkthrough	Explore atmospheric model levels data

Analysis Ready Data

These datasets have been regridded to a uniform 0.25° equiangular horizontal resolution to facilitate downstream analyses, e.g., with WeatherBench2.

0.25° Pressure and Surface Level Data

This dataset contains most pressure-level fields and all surface-level field regridded to a uniform 0.25° resolution. It is a superset of the data used to train GraphCast and NeuralGCM.

import xarray

ds = xarray.open_zarr(
    'gs://gcp-public-data-arco-era5/ar/full_37-1h-0p25deg-chunk-1.zarr-v3',
    chunks=None,
    storage_options=dict(token='anon'),
)
ar_full_37_1h = ds.sel(time=slice(ds.attrs['valid_time_start'], ds.attrs['valid_time_stop']))

Times: 00/to/23
Levels: 1/2/3/5/7/10/20/30/50/70/100/125/150/175/200/225/250/300/350/400/450/500/550/600/650/700/750/775/800/825/850/875/900/925/950/975/1000
Grid: equiangular lat-lon
Size: 2.05 PB
Chunking: {'time': 1, 'latitude': 721, 'longitude': 1440, 'level': 37}
Chunk size (per variable): 154 MB

Data summary table

name	short name	units	docs	config
100m_u_component_of_wind	100u	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228246	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
100m_v_component_of_wind	100v	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228247	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
10m_u_component_of_neutral_wind	u10n	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228131	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
10m_u_component_of_wind	10u	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/165	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
10m_v_component_of_neutral_wind	v10n	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228132	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
10m_v_component_of_wind	10v	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/166	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
10m_wind_gust_since_previous_post_processing	10fg	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/49	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
2m_dewpoint_temperature	2d	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/168	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
2m_temperature	2t	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/167	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
air_density_over_the_oceans	rhoao	kg m**-3	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140209	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
angle_of_sub_gridscale_orography	anor	radians	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
anisotropy_of_sub_gridscale_orography	isor	~	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/161	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
benjamin_feir_index	bfi	dimensionless	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140253	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
boundary_layer_dissipation	bld	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/145	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
boundary_layer_height	blh	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/159	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
charnock	chnk	~	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/148	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
clear_sky_direct_solar_radiation_at_surface	cdir	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228022	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
cloud_base_height	cbh	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228023	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
coefficient_of_drag_with_waves	cdww	dimensionless	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140233	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
convective_available_potential_energy	cape	J kg**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/59	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
convective_inhibition	cin	J kg**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228001	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
convective_precipitation	cp	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228143	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
convective_rain_rate	crr	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228218	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
convective_snowfall	csf	m of water equivalent	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/239	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
convective_snowfall_rate_water_equivalent	csfr	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228220	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
downward_uv_radiation_at_the_surface	uvb	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/57	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
duct_base_height	dctb	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228017	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress	lgws	N m**-2 s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/195	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
eastward_turbulent_surface_stress	ewss	N m**-2 s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/180	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
evaporation	e	m of water equivalent	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/182	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
forecast_albedo	fal	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/243	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
forecast_logarithm_of_surface_roughness_for_heat	flsr	~	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/245	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
forecast_surface_roughness	fsr	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/244	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
fraction_of_cloud_cover	cc	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/248	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
free_convective_velocity_over_the_oceans	wstar	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140208	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
friction_velocity	zust	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228003	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
geopotential_at_surface	z	m2 s-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/129	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
gravity_wave_dissipation	gwd	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/197	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
high_cloud_cover	hcc	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/3075	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
high_vegetation_cover	cvh	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/28	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
ice_temperature_layer_1	istl1	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/35	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
ice_temperature_layer_2	istl2	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/36	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
ice_temperature_layer_3	istl3	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/37	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
ice_temperature_layer_4	istl4	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/38	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
instantaneous_10m_wind_gust	i10fg	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228029	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
instantaneous_eastward_turbulent_surface_stress	iews	N m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/229	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
instantaneous_large_scale_surface_precipitation_fraction	ilspf	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228217	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
instantaneous_moisture_flux	ie	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/232	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
instantaneous_northward_turbulent_surface_stress	inss	N m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/230	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
instantaneous_surface_sensible_heat_flux	ishf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/231	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
k_index	kx	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/260121	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
lake_bottom_temperature	lblt	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228010	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
lake_cover	cl	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/26	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
lake_depth	dl	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228007	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
lake_ice_depth	licd	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228014	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
lake_ice_temperature	lict	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228013	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
lake_mix_layer_depth	lmld	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228009	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
lake_mix_layer_temperature	lmlt	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228008	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
lake_shape_factor	lshf	dimensionless	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228012	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
lake_total_layer_temperature	ltlt	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228011	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
land_sea_mask	lsm	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/172	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
large_scale_precipitation	lsp	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/3062	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
large_scale_precipitation_fraction	lspf	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/50	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
large_scale_rain_rate	lsrr	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228219	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
large_scale_snowfall	lsf	m of water equivalent	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/240	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
large_scale_snowfall_rate_water_equivalent	lssfr	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228221	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
leaf_area_index_high_vegetation	lai_hv	m2 m-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/67	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
leaf_area_index_low_vegetation	lai_lv	m2 m-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/66	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
low_cloud_cover	lcc	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/3073	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
low_vegetation_cover	cvl	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/27	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
maximum_2m_temperature_since_previous_post_processing	mx2t	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/201	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
maximum_individual_wave_height	hmax	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140218	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
maximum_total_precipitation_rate_since_previous_post_processing	mxtpr	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228226	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_boundary_layer_dissipation	avg_ibld	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235032	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_convective_precipitation_rate	avg_cpr	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235030	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_convective_snowfall_rate	avg_csfr	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235056	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_direction_of_total_swell	mdts	degrees	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140238	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_direction_of_wind_waves	mdww	degrees	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500072	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_eastward_gravity_wave_surface_stress	avg_iegwss	N m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235045	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_eastward_turbulent_surface_stress	avg_iews	N m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235041	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_evaporation_rate	erate	ms*-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/172182	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_gravity_wave_dissipation	avg_igwd	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235047	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_large_scale_precipitation_fraction	avg_ilspf	Proportion	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235026	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_large_scale_precipitation_rate	avg_lsprate	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235029	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_large_scale_snowfall_rate	avg_lssfr	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235057	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress	avg_ingwss	N m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235046	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_northward_turbulent_surface_stress	avg_inss	N m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235042	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_period_of_total_swell	mpts	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140239	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_period_of_wind_waves	mpww	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500074	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_potential_evaporation_rate	avg_pevr	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235070	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_runoff_rate	avg_rorwe	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235048	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_sea_level_pressure	msl	Pa	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/151	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_snow_evaporation_rate	avg_esrwe	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235023	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_snowfall_rate	avg_tsrwe	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235031	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_snowmelt_rate	avg_smr	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235024	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_square_slope_of_waves	msqs	dimensionless	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140244	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_sub_surface_runoff_rate	avg_ssurfror	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235021	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_direct_short_wave_radiation_flux	avg_sdirswrf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235058	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_direct_short_wave_radiation_flux_clear_sky	avg_sdirswrfcs	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235059	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_downward_long_wave_radiation_flux	avg_sdlwrf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235036	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_downward_long_wave_radiation_flux_clear_sky	avg_sdlwrfcs	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235069	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_downward_short_wave_radiation_flux	avg_sdswrf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235035	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_downward_short_wave_radiation_flux_clear_sky	avg_sdswrfcs	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235068	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_downward_uv_radiation_flux	avg_sduvrf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235027	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_latent_heat_flux	avg_slhtf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235034	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_net_long_wave_radiation_flux	avg_snlwrf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235038	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_net_long_wave_radiation_flux_clear_sky	avg_snlwrfcs	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235052	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_net_short_wave_radiation_flux	avg_snswrf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235037	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_net_short_wave_radiation_flux_clear_sky	avg_snswrfcs	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235051	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_runoff_rate	avg_surfror	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235020	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_surface_sensible_heat_flux	avg_ishf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235033	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_top_downward_short_wave_radiation_flux	avg_tdswrf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235053	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_top_net_long_wave_radiation_flux	avg_tnlwrf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235040	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_top_net_long_wave_radiation_flux_clear_sky	avg_tnlwrfcs	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235050	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_top_net_short_wave_radiation_flux	avg_tnswrf	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235039	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_top_net_short_wave_radiation_flux_clear_sky	avg_tnswrfcs	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235049	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_total_precipitation_rate	avg_tprate	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235055	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_vertical_gradient_of_refractivity_inside_trapping_layer	dndza	m**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228016	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_vertically_integrated_moisture_divergence	avg_vimdf	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235054	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_direction	mwd	Degree true	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500185	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_direction_of_first_swell_partition	mwd1	degrees	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140122	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_direction_of_second_swell_partition	mwd2	degrees	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140125	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_direction_of_third_swell_partition	mwd3	degrees	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140128	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_period	mwp	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140232	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_period_based_on_first_moment	mp1	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140220	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_period_based_on_first_moment_for_swell	p1ps	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140226	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_period_based_on_first_moment_for_wind_waves	p1ww	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140223	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_period_based_on_second_moment_for_swell	p2ps	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140227	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_period_based_on_second_moment_for_wind_waves	p2ww	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140224	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_period_of_first_swell_partition	mwp1	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140123	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_period_of_second_swell_partition	mwp2	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140126	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_wave_period_of_third_swell_partition	mwp3	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140129	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
mean_zero_crossing_wave_period	mp2	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140221	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
medium_cloud_cover	mcc	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/3074	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
minimum_2m_temperature_since_previous_post_processing	mn2t	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/202	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
minimum_total_precipitation_rate_since_previous_post_processing	mntpr	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228227	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
minimum_vertical_gradient_of_refractivity_inside_trapping_layer	dndzn	m**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228015	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
model_bathymetry	wmb	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140219	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
near_ir_albedo_for_diffuse_radiation	alnid	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/18	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
near_ir_albedo_for_direct_radiation	alnip	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/17	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
normalized_energy_flux_into_ocean	phioc	dimensionless	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140212	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
normalized_energy_flux_into_waves	phiaw	dimensionless	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140211	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
normalized_stress_into_ocean	tauoc	dimensionless	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140214	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
northward_gravity_wave_surface_stress	mgws	N m**-2 s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/196	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
northward_turbulent_surface_stress	nsss	N m**-2 s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/181	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
ocean_surface_stress_equivalent_10m_neutral_wind_direction	dwi	degrees	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140249	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
ocean_surface_stress_equivalent_10m_neutral_wind_speed	wind	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140245	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
ozone_mass_mixing_ratio	o3	kg kg**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500242	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
peak_wave_period	pp1d	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500190	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
period_corresponding_to_maximum_individual_wave_height	tmax	s	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140217	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
potential_evaporation	pev	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228251	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
potential_vorticity	pv	K m2 kg-1 s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/60	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
precipitation_type	ptype	code table (4.201)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/260015	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
runoff	ro	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228205	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
sea_ice_cover	siconc	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/262001	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
sea_surface_temperature	sst	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/151159	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
significant_height_of_combined_wind_waves_and_swell	swh	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500071	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
significant_height_of_total_swell	shts	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140237	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
significant_height_of_wind_waves	shww	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500073	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
significant_wave_height_of_first_swell_partition	swh1	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140121	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
significant_wave_height_of_second_swell_partition	swh2	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140124	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
significant_wave_height_of_third_swell_partition	swh3	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140127	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
skin_reservoir_content	src	m of water equivalent	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/198	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
skin_temperature	skt	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/235	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
slope_of_sub_gridscale_orography	slor	~	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/163	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
snow_albedo	asn	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228032	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
snow_density	rsn	kg m**-3	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/33	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
snow_depth	sd	m of water equivalent	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228141	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
snow_evaporation	es	m of water equivalent	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/44	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
snowfall	sf	m of water equivalent	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228144	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
snowmelt	smlt	m of water equivalent	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/45	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
soil_temperature_level_1	stl1	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/139	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
soil_temperature_level_2	stl2	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/170	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
soil_temperature_level_3	stl3	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/183	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
soil_temperature_level_4	stl4	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/236	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
soil_type	slt	~	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/43	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
specific_cloud_ice_water_content	ciwc	kg kg**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/247	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
specific_cloud_liquid_water_content	clwc	kg kg**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/246	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
specific_humidity	q	kg kg**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/133	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
standard_deviation_of_filtered_subgrid_orography	sdfor	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/74	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
standard_deviation_of_orography	sdor	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/160	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
sub_surface_runoff	ssro	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/9	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_latent_heat_flux	slhf	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/147	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_net_solar_radiation	ssr	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/180176	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_net_solar_radiation_clear_sky	ssrc	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/210	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_net_thermal_radiation	str	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/180177	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_net_thermal_radiation_clear_sky	strc	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/211	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_pressure	sp	Pa	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500026	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_runoff	sro	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/174008	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_sensible_heat_flux	sshf	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/146	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_solar_radiation_downward_clear_sky	ssrdc	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228129	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_solar_radiation_downwards	ssrd	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/169	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_thermal_radiation_downward_clear_sky	strdc	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228130	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
surface_thermal_radiation_downwards	strd	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/175	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
temperature	t	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500014	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
temperature_of_snow_layer	tsn	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/238	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
toa_incident_solar_radiation	tisr	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/212	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
top_net_solar_radiation	tsr	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/180178	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
top_net_solar_radiation_clear_sky	tsrc	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/208	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
top_net_thermal_radiation	ttr	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/180179	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
top_net_thermal_radiation_clear_sky	ttrc	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/209	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
total_cloud_cover	tcc	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228164	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
total_column_cloud_ice_water	tciw	kg m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/79	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
total_column_cloud_liquid_water	tclw	kg m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/78	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
total_column_ozone	tco3	kg m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/206	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
total_column_rain_water	tcrw	kg m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228089	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
total_column_snow_water	tcsw	kg m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228090	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
total_column_supercooled_liquid_water	tcslw	kg m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228088	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
total_column_water	tcw	kg m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/136	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
total_column_water_vapour	tcwv	kg m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/137	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
total_precipitation	tp	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228228	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
total_totals_index	totalx	K	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/260123	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
trapping_layer_base_height	tplb	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228018	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
trapping_layer_top_height	tplt	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228019	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
type_of_high_vegetation	tvh	~	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/30	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
type_of_low_vegetation	tvl	~	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/29	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
u_component_of_wind	u	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500028	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
u_component_stokes_drift	ust	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140215	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
uv_visible_albedo_for_diffuse_radiation	aluvd	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/16	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
uv_visible_albedo_for_direct_radiation	aluvp	(0 - 1)	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/15	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
v_component_of_wind	v	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500030	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
v_component_stokes_drift	vst	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140216	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_divergence_of_cloud_frozen_water_flux	viiwd	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162057	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_divergence_of_cloud_liquid_water_flux	vilwd	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162056	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_divergence_of_geopotential_flux	vigd	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162085	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_divergence_of_kinetic_energy_flux	viked	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162082	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_divergence_of_mass_flux	vimad	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162081	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_divergence_of_moisture_flux	viwvd	kg m-2 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162084	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_divergence_of_ozone_flux	viozd	kg m-2 s-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162087	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_divergence_of_thermal_energy_flux	vithed	W m**-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162083	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_divergence_of_total_energy_flux	vitoed	W m**-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162086	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_eastward_cloud_frozen_water_flux	viiwe	kg m-1 s-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162090	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_eastward_cloud_liquid_water_flux	vilwe	kg m-1 s-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162088	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_eastward_geopotential_flux	vige	W m**-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162073	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_eastward_heat_flux	vithee	W m**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162069	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_eastward_kinetic_energy_flux	vikee	W m**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162067	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_eastward_mass_flux	vimae	kg m-1 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162065	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_eastward_ozone_flux	vioze	kg m-1 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162077	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_eastward_total_energy_flux	vitoee	W m**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162075	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_eastward_water_vapour_flux	viwve	kg m-1 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162071	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_energy_conversion	viec	W m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162064	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_kinetic_energy	vike	J m**-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162059	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_mass_of_atmosphere	vima	kg m**-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162053	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_mass_tendency	vimat	kg m-2 s-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162092	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_northward_cloud_frozen_water_flux	viiwn	kg m-1 s-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162091	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_northward_cloud_liquid_water_flux	vilwn	kg m-1 s-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162089	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_northward_geopotential_flux	vign	W m**-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162074	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_northward_heat_flux	vithen	W m**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162070	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_northward_kinetic_energy_flux	viken	W m**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162068	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_northward_mass_flux	viman	kg m-1 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162066	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_northward_ozone_flux	viozn	kg m-1 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162078	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_northward_total_energy_flux	vitoen	W m**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162076	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_northward_water_vapour_flux	viwvn	kg m-1 s-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162072	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_potential_and_internal_energy	vipie	J m**-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db/162061	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_potential_internal_and_latent_energy	vipile	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162062	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_temperature	vit	K kg m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162054	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_thermal_energy	vithe	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162060	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_integral_of_total_energy	vitoe	J m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/162063	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
vertical_velocity	w	Pa s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500032	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
vertically_integrated_moisture_divergence	vimd	kg m**-2	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/213	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
volumetric_soil_water_layer_1	swvl1	m3 m-3	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/39	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
volumetric_soil_water_layer_2	swvl2	m3 m-3	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/40	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
volumetric_soil_water_layer_3	swvl3	m3 m-3	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/41	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
volumetric_soil_water_layer_4	swvl4	m3 m-3	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/42	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
wave_spectral_directional_width	wdw	radians	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140222	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
wave_spectral_directional_width_for_swell	dwps	radians	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140228	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
wave_spectral_directional_width_for_wind_waves	dwww	radians	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140225	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
wave_spectral_kurtosis	wsk	dimensionless	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140252	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
wave_spectral_peakedness	wsp	dimensionless	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140254	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
wave_spectral_skewness	wss	dimensionless	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/140207	era5_sl_hourly.cfg
zero_degree_level	deg0l	m	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/228024	era5_sl_hourly.cfg

0.25° Model Level Data

This dataset contains 3D fields at 0.25° resolution with ERA5's native vertical coordinates (hybrid pressure/sigma coordinates).

import xarray

ds = xarray.open_zarr(
    'gs://gcp-public-data-arco-era5/ar/model-level-1h-0p25deg.zarr-v1',
    chunks=None,
    storage_options=dict(token='anon'),
)
ar_native_vertical_grid_data = ds.sel(time=slice(ds.attrs['valid_time_start'], ds.attrs['valid_time_stop']))

It can combined with surface-level variables from the 0.25° pressure- and surface-level dataset:

ds = xarray.open_zarr(
    'gs://gcp-public-data-arco-era5/ar/full_37-1h-0p25deg-chunk-1.zarr-v3',
    chunks=None,
    storage_options=dict(token='anon'),
)
ar_full_37_1h = ds.sel(time=slice(ds.attrs['valid_time_start'], ds.attrs['valid_time_stop']))

ar_model_level_and_surface_data = xarray.merge([
    ar_native_vertical_grid_data, ar_full_37_1h.drop_dims('level')
])

Times: 00/to/23
Levels: 1/to/137
Grid: equiangular lat-lon
Size: 5.88 PB
Chunking: {'time': 1, 'hybrid': 18, 'latitude': 721, 'longitude': 1440}
Chunk size (per variable): 74.8 MB

Data summary table

name	short name	units	docs	config
vorticity (relative)	vo	s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=138	era5_ml_dve.cfg
divergence	d	s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=155	era5_ml_dve.cfg
geopotential	z	m^2 s^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-dbid=129	era5_sfc.cfg
temperature	t	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=130	era5_ml_tw.cfg
vertical velocity	w	Pa s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=135	era5_ml_tw.cfg
specific humidity	q	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=133	era5_ml_o3q.cfg
ozone mass mixing ratio	o3	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=203	era5_ml_o3q.cfg
specific cloud liquid water content	clwc	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=246	era5_ml_o3q.cfg
specific cloud ice water content	ciwc	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=247	era5_ml_o3q.cfg
fraction of cloud cover	cc	(0 - 1)	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=248	era5_ml_o3q.cfg
specific rain water content	crwc	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=75	era5_ml_qrqs.cfg
specific snow water content	cswc	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=76	era5_ml_qrqs.cfg
u component of wind	u	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500028	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
v component of wind	v	m s**-1	https://codes.ecmwf.int/grib/param-db/500030	era5_pl_hourly.cfg

Raw Cloud Optimized Data

These datasets contain the raw data used to produce the Analysis Ready data. Whenever possible, parameters are represented by their native grid resolution See this ECMWF documentation for more.

Please view our walkthrough notebook for demos of these cloud-optimized datasets:

Model Level Wind

This dataset contains model-level wind fields on ERA5's native grid, as spherical harmonic coefficients.

import xarray

ds = xarray.open_zarr(
    'gs://gcp-public-data-arco-era5/co/model-level-wind.zarr-v2',
    chunks=None,
    storage_options=dict(token='anon'),
)
model_level_wind = ds.sel(time=slice(ds.attrs['valid_time_start'], ds.attrs['valid_time_stop']))

Levels: 1/to/137
Times: 00/to/23
Grid: T639 spherical harmonic coefficients (docs)
Size: 664 TB
Chunking: {'time': 1, 'hybrid': 1, 'values': 410240}
Chunk size (per variable): 1.64 MB

Data summary table

name	short name	units	docs	config
vorticity (relative)	vo	s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=138	era5_ml_dve.cfg
divergence	d	s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=155	era5_ml_dve.cfg
temperature	t	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=130	era5_pl_hourly.cfg
vertical velocity	w	Pa s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=135	era5_ml_tw.cfg

Model Level Moisture

This dataset contains model-level moisture fields on ERA5's native reduced Gaussian grid.

import xarray

ds = xr.open_zarr(
    'gs://gcp-public-data-arco-era5/co/model-level-moisture.zarr-v2/',
    chunks=None,
    storage_options=dict(token='anon'),
)
model_level_moisture = ds.sel(time=slice(ds.attrs['valid_time_start'], ds.attrs['valid_time_stop']))

Levels: 1/to/137
Times: 00/to/23
Grid: N320, a Reduced Gaussian Grid (docs)
Size: 1.54 PB
Chunking: {'time': 1, 'hybrid': 1, 'values': 542080}
Chunk size (per variable): 2.17 MB

Data summary table

name	short name	units	docs	config
specific humidity	q	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=133	era5_ml_o3q.cfg
ozone mass mixing ratio	o3	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=203	era5_ml_o3q.cfg
specific cloud liquid water content	clwc	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=246	era5_ml_o3q.cfg
specific cloud ice water content	ciwc	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=247	era5_ml_o3q.cfg
fraction of cloud cover	cc	(0 - 1)	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=248	era5_ml_o3q.cfg
specific rain water content	crwc	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=75	era5_ml_qrqs.cfg
specific snow water content	cswc	kg kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=76	era5_ml_qrqs.cfg

Single Level Surface

This dataset contains single-level renanalysis fields on ERA5's native grid, as spherical harmonic coefficients.

import xarray

ds = xarray.open_zarr(
    'gs://gcp-public-data-arco-era5/co/single-level-surface.zarr-v2/',
    chunks=None,
    storage_options=dict(token='anon'),
)
single_level_surface = ds.sel(time=slice(ds.attrs['valid_time_start'], ds.attrs['valid_time_stop']))

Times: 00/to/23
Grid: TL639 spherical harmonic coefficients (docs)
Size: 2.42 TB
Chunking: {'time': 1, 'values': 410240}
Chunk size (per variable): 1.64 MB

Data summary table

name	short name	units	docs	config
logarithm of surface pressure	lnsp	Numeric	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=152	era5_ml_lnsp.cfg
surface geopotential	zs	m^2 s^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=162051	era5_ml_zs.cfg

Single Level Reanalysis

This dataset contains single-level renanalysis fields on ERA5's native reduced Gaussian grid.

import xarray

ds = xarray.open_zarr(
    'gs://gcp-public-data-arco-era5/co/single-level-reanalysis.zarr-v2',
    chunks=None,
    storage_options=dict(token='anon'),
)
single_level_reanalysis = ds.sel(time=slice(ds.attrs['valid_time_start'], ds.attrs['valid_time_stop']))

Times: 00/to/23
Grid: N320, a Reduced Gaussian Grid (docs)
Size: 60.9 TB
Chunking: {'time': 1, 'values': 542080}
Chunk size (per variable): 2.17 MB

Data summary table

name	short name	units	docs	config
convective available potential energy	cape	J kg^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=59	era5_sfc_cape.cfg
total column cloud ice water	tciw	kg m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=79	era5_sfc_cape.cfg
vertical integral of divergence of cloud frozen water flux	wiiwd	kg m^-2 s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=162080	era5_sfc_cape.cfg
100 metre U wind component	100u	m s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=228246	era5_sfc_cape.cfg
100 metre V wind component	100v	m s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=228247	era5_sfc_cape.cfg
sea ice area fraction	ci	(0 - 1)	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=31	era5_sfc_cisst.cfg
sea surface temperature	sst	Pa	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=34	era5_sfc_cisst.cfg
skin temperature	skt	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=235	era5_sfc_cisst.cfg
soil temperature level 1	stl1	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=139	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
soil temperature level 2	stl2	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=170	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
soil temperature level 3	stl3	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=183	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
soil temperature level 4	stl4	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=236	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
temperature of snow layer	tsn	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=238	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
volumetric soil water layer 1	swvl1	m^3 m^-3	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=39	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
volumetric soil water layer 2	swvl2	m^3 m^-3	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=40	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
volumetric soil water layer 3	swvl3	m^3 m^-3	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=41	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
volumetric soil water layer 4	swvl4	m^3 m^-3	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=42	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
ice temperature layer 1	istl1	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=35	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
ice temperature layer 2	istl2	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=36	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
ice temperature layer 3	istl3	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=37	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
ice temperature layer 4	istl4	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=38	era5_sfc_soil.cfg
total column cloud liquid water	tclw	kg m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=78	era5_sfc_tcol.cfg
total column rain water	tcrw	kg m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=228089	era5_sfc_tcol.cfg
total column snow water	tcsw	kg m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=228090	era5_sfc_tcol.cfg
total column water	tcw	kg m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=136	era5_sfc_tcol.cfg
total column vertically-integrated water vapour	tcwv	kg m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=137	era5_sfc_tcol.cfg
Geopotential	z	m^2 s^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-dbid=129	era5_sfc.cfg
Surface pressure	sp	Pa	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=134	era5_sfc.cfg
Total column vertically-integrated water vapour	tcwv	kg m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=137	era5_sfc.cfg
Mean sea level pressure	msl	Pa	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=151	era5_sfc.cfg
Total cloud cover	tcc	(0 - 1)	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=164	era5_sfc.cfg
10 metre U wind component	10u	m s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=165	era5_sfc.cfg
10 metre V wind component	10v	m s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=166	era5_sfc.cfg
2 metre temperature	2t	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=167	era5_sfc.cfg
2 metre dewpoint temperature	2d	K	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=168	era5_sfc.cfg
Low cloud cover	lcc	(0 - 1)	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=186	era5_sfc.cfg
Medium cloud cover	mcc	(0 - 1)	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=187	era5_sfc.cfg
High cloud cover	hcc	(0 - 1)	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=188	era5_sfc.cfg
100 metre U wind component	100u	m s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=228246	era5_sfc.cfg
100 metre V wind component	100v	m s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=228247	era5_sfc.cfg

Single Level Forecast

This dataset contains single-level forecast fields on ERA5's native reduced Gaussian grid.

import xarray

ds = xarray.open_zarr(
    'gs://gcp-public-data-arco-era5/co/single-level-forecast.zarr-v2/', 
    chunks=None,
    storage_options=dict(token='anon'),
)
single_level_forecasts = ds.sel(time=slice(ds.attrs['valid_time_start'], ds.attrs['valid_time_stop']))

Times: 06:00/18:00
Steps: 0/1/2/3/4/5/6/7/8/9/10/11/12/13/14/15/16/17/18
Grid: N320, a Reduced Gaussian Grid (docs)
Size: 53.2 TB
Chunking: {'time': 1, 'step': 1, 'values': 542080}
Chunk size (per variable): 2.17 MB

Data summary table

name	short name	units	docs	config
snow density	rsn	kg m^-3	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=33	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
snow evaporation	es	m of water equivalent	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=44	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
snow melt	smlt	m of water equivalent	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=45	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
large-scale precipitation fraction	lspf	s	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=50	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
snow depth	sd	m of water equivalent	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=141	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
large-scale precipitation	lsp	m	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=142	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
convective precipitation	cp	m	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=143	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
snowfall	sf	m of water equivalent	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=144	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
convective rain rate	crr	kg m^-2 s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=228218	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
large scale rain rate	lsrr	kg m^-2 s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=228219	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
convective snowfall rate water equivalent	csfr	kg m^-2 s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=228220	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
large scale snowfall rate water equivalent	lssfr	kg m^-2 s^-1	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=228221	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
total precipitation	tp	m	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=228	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
convective snowfall	csf	m of water equivalent	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=239	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
large-scale snowfall	lsf	m of water equivalent	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=240	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
precipitation type	ptype	code table (4.201)	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=260015	era5_sfc_pcp.cfg
surface solar radiation downwards	ssrd	J m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=169	era5_sfc_rad.cfg
top net thermal radiation	ttr	J m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=179	era5_sfc_rad.cfg
gravity wave dissipation	gwd	J m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=197	era5_sfc_rad.cfg
surface thermal radiation downwards	strd	J m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=175	era5_sfc_rad.cfg
surface net thermal radiation	str	J m^-2	https://apps.ecmwf.int/codes/grib/param-db?id=177	era5_sfc_rad.cfg

Project roadmap

Updated on 2024-06-25

How to reproduce

All phases of this dataset can be reproduced with scripts found here. To run them, please clone the repo and install the project.

git clone https://github.com/google-research/arco-era5.git

Or, via SSH:

git clone [email protected]:google-research/arco-era5.git

Then, install with pip:

cd arco-era5
pip install -e .

Acquire & preprocess raw data

Please consult the instructions described in raw/.

Cloud-Optimization

All our tools make use of Apache Beam, and thus are portable to any cloud (or Runner). We use GCP's Dataflow to produce this dataset. If you would like to reproduce the project this way, we recommend the following:

Ensure you have access to a GCP project with GCS read & write access, as well as full Dataflow permissions (see these "Before you begin" instructions).

Export the following variables:

export PROJECT=<your-gcp-project>
export REGION=us-central1
export BUCKET=<your-beam-runner-bucket>

From here, we provide examples of how to run the recipes at the top of each script.

pydoc src/single-levels-to-zarr.py
pydoc src/ar-to-zarr.py

You can also discover available command line options by invoking the script with -h/--help:

python src/model-levels-to-zarr.py --help

Automating dataset Updates in zarr and BigQuery

This feature is works in 4 parts.

Acquiring raw data from CDS, facilitated by weather-dl tool.
Splitting raw data using weather-sp.
Ingest this splitted data into a zarr file.

How to Run.

Set up a Cloud project with sufficient permissions to use cloud storage (such as GCS) and a Beam runner (such as Dataflow).

Note: Other cloud systems should work too, such as S3 and Elastic Map Reduce. However, these are untested. If you experience an error here, please let us know by filing an issue.
Acquire one or more licenses from Copernicus.
Add the all Copernicus licenses into the secret-manager with value likes this: {"api_url": "URL", "api_key": "KEY"}

NOTE: for every API_KEY there must be unique secret-key.
Update all of these variable in docker-file.
- PROJECT
- REGION
- BUCKET
- MANIFEST_LOCATION
- API_KEY_*
  - In case of multiple API keys, API_KEY must follow this format: API_KEY_*. here * can be numeric value i.e. 1, 2.
  - API_KEY_* value is the resource name of secret-manager key and it's value looks like this :: projects/PROJECT_NAME/secrets/SECRET_KEY_NAME/versions/1
- WEATHER_TOOLS_SDK_CONTAINER_IMAGE
  - Is made using this dockerfile and is stored in a docker registry.
- ARCO_ERA5_SDK_CONTAINER_IMAGE
  - Is made using this dockerfile and is stored in a registry.
Create docker image.

export PROJECT_ID=<your-project-here>
export REPO=<repo> eg:arco-era5-raw-to-zarr-to-bq

gcloud builds submit . --tag "gcr.io/$PROJECT_ID/$REPO:latest"

Run script to create cloud run jobs. create_job

python deployment/create_job.py

There will be 5 different cloud run jobs.
- arco-era5-zarr-ingestion - For zarr data ingestion.
- arco-era5t-daily-executor - Triggers daily to process era5t-daily data.
- arco-era5t-monthly-executor - Triggers monthly to process era5t-monthly data.
- arco-era5-sanity - Sanity job to validate the data era5 vs era5t and replace in case of difference.
- arco-era5-executor - Triggers every month to run a sanity job for every zarr available.
Set up cloud schedulers to trigger above jobs on specified frequencies.
- arco-era5t-daily-executor - Schedule a daily trigger for era5t-daily data.
- arco-era5t-monthly-executor - Schedule a monthly trigger for era5t-monthly data.
- arco-era5-executor - Schedule a monthly trigger to do era5 vs era5t sanity for current_month - 3 month.

Making the dataset "High Resolution" & beyond...

This phase of the project is under active development! If you would like to lend a hand in any way, please check out our contributing guide.

FAQs

How did you pick these variables?

This dataset originated in Loon, Alphabet’s project to deliver internet service using stratospheric balloons, and is now curated by Google Research & Google Cloud Platform. Loon’s Planning, Simulation and Control team needed accurate data on how the stratospheric winds have behaved in the past to evaluate the effectiveness of different balloon steering algorithms over a range of weather. This led us to download the model-level data. But Loon also needed information about the atmospheric radiation to model balloon gas temperatures, so we downloaded that. And then we downloaded the most commonly used meteorological variables to support different product planning needs (RF propagation models, etc)...

Eventually, we found ourselves with a comprehensive history of weather for the world.

Where are the U/V components of wind? Where is geopotential height? Why isn’t `X` variable in this dataset?

We intentionally did not include many variables that can be derived from other variables. For example, U/V components of wind can be computed from divergence and vorticity; geopotential is a vertical integral of temperature.

In the second phase of our roadmap (towards "Analysis Ready" data), we aim to compute all of these variables ourselves. If you’d like to make use of these parameters sooner, please check out our example notebooks where we demo common calculations. If you notice non-derived missing data, such as surface variables, please let us know of your needs by filing an issue, and we will be happy to incorporate them into our roadmap.

Do you have plans to get all of ERA5?

We aim to support hosting data that serves general meteorological use cases, rather than aim for total completeness. Wave variables are missing from this corpus, and are a priority on our roadmap. If there is a variable or dataset that you think should be included here, please file a Github issue.

For a complete ERA5 mirror, we recommend consulting with the Pangeo Forge project (especially staged-recipes#92).

Why are there two model-level datasets and not one?

It definitely is possible for all model level data to be represented in one grid, and thus one dataset. However, we opted to preserve the native representation for variables in ECMWF's models. A handful of core model variables (wind, temperature and surface pressure) are represented as spectral harmonic coefficients , while everything else is stored on a Gaussian grid. This avoids introducing numerical error by interpolating these variables to physical space. For a more in depth review of this topic, please consult these references:

Fundamentals of Numerical Weather Prediction by Jean Coiffier
Atmospheric modeling, data assimilation, and predictability by Eugenia Kalnay

Please note: in a future releases, we intend to create a dataset version where all model levels are in one grid and Zarr.

Why doesn’t this project make use of Pangeo Forge Cloud?

We are big fans of the Pangeo Forge project, and of Pangeo in general. While this project does make use of their Recipes, we have a few reasons to not use their cloud. First, we would prefer to use internal rather than community resources for computations of this scale. In addition, there are several technical reasons why Pangeo Forge as it is today would not be able to handle this case (0, 1, 2, 3). To work around this, we opted to combine familiar-to-us infrastructure with Pangeo-Forge's core and to use the right tool for the right job.

Why use this dataset? What uses are there for the data?

ERA5 can be used in many applications. It can be used to train ML models that predict the impact of weather on different phenomena. ERA5 data could also be used to train and evaluate ML models that forecast the weather. The data could be used to compute climatologies, or the average weather for a region over a given period of time. ERA5 data can be used to visualize and study historical weather events, such as Hurricane Sandy.

Where should I be cautious? What are the limitations of the dataset?


Mumbai, India	San Francisco, USA
Tokyo, Japan	Singapore


ERA5 Topography	GMTED2010 Topography

It is important to remember that a reanalysis is an estimate of what the weather was, it is not guaranteed to be an error-free estimate. There are several areas where the novice reanalysis user should be careful.

First, the user should be careful using reanalysis data at locations near coastlines. The first figure shows the fraction of land (1 for land, 0 for ocean) of ERA5 grid points at different coastal locations. This is important because the land-surface model used in ERA5 tries to blend in the influence of water with the influence of land based on this fraction. The most visible effect of this blending is that as the fraction of land decreases, the daily variation in temperature will also decrease. Looking at the first figure, there are sharp changes in the fraction of land between neighboring grid cells so there could be differences in daily temperature range that might not be reflected in actual weather observations.

The user should also be careful when using reanalysis data in areas with large variations in topography. The second figure is a plot of ERA5 topography around Mount Everest compared with GMTED2010 topography. The ERA5 topography is completely missing the high peaks of the Everest region and missing most of the structure of the mountain valleys. Topography strongly influences temperature and precipitation rate, so it is possible that ERA5’s temperature is too warm and ERA5’s precipitation patterns could be wrong as well.

ERA5’s precipitation variables aren’t directly constrained by any observations, so we strongly encourage the user to check ERA5 against observed precipitation (for example, Wu et al., 2022). A study comparing reanalyses (not including ERA5) against gridded precipitation observations showed striking differences between reanalyses and observation Lisa V Alexander et al 2020 Environ. Res. Lett. 15 055002.

Can I use the data for {research,commercial} purposes?

Yes, you can use our ERA5 data according to the terms of the Copernicus license.

Researchers, see the next section for how to cite this work.

Commercial users, please be sure to provide acknowledgement to the Copernicus Climate Change Service according to the Copernicus Licence terms.

How to cite this work

Please cite our presentation at the 22nd Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Environmental Science describing ARCO-ERA5.

Carver, Robert W, and Merose, Alex. (2023):
ARCO-ERA5: An Analysis-Ready Cloud-Optimized Reanalysis Dataset.
22nd Conf. on AI for Env. Science, Denver, CO, Amer. Meteo. Soc, 4A.1,
https://ams.confex.com/ams/103ANNUAL/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/415842

In addition, please cite the ERA5 dataset accordingly:

Hersbach, H., Bell, B., Berrisford, P., Hirahara, S., Horányi, A., 
Muñoz‐Sabater, J., Nicolas, J., Peubey, C., Radu, R., Schepers, D., 
Simmons, A., Soci, C., Abdalla, S., Abellan, X., Balsamo, G., 
Bechtold, P., Biavati, G., Bidlot, J., Bonavita, M., De Chiara, G., 
Dahlgren, P., Dee, D., Diamantakis, M., Dragani, R., Flemming, J., 
Forbes, R., Fuentes, M., Geer, A., Haimberger, L., Healy, S., 
Hogan, R.J., Hólm, E., Janisková, M., Keeley, S., Laloyaux, P., 
Lopez, P., Lupu, C., Radnoti, G., de Rosnay, P., Rozum, I., Vamborg, F.,
Villaume, S., Thépaut, J-N. (2017): Complete ERA5: Fifth generation of 
ECMWF atmospheric reanalyses of the global climate. Copernicus Climate 
Change Service (C3S) Data Store (CDS). (Accessed on DD-MM-YYYY)

Hersbach et al, (2017) was downloaded from the Copernicus Climate Change 
Service (C3S) Climate Data Store. We thank C3S for allowing us to 
redistribute the data.

The results contain modified Copernicus Climate Change Service 
information 2022. Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is 
responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information 
or data it contains.

License

This is not an official Google product.

Copyright 2022 Google LLC

Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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Analysis-Ready, Cloud Optimized ERA5

Introduction

Overview

Get Started with Colab Notebooks

Analysis Ready Data

0.25° Pressure and Surface Level Data

0.25° Model Level Data

Raw Cloud Optimized Data

Model Level Wind

Model Level Moisture

Single Level Surface

Single Level Reanalysis

Single Level Forecast

Project roadmap

How to reproduce

Acquire & preprocess raw data

Cloud-Optimization

Automating dataset Updates in zarr and BigQuery

How to Run.

Making the dataset "High Resolution" & beyond...

FAQs

How did you pick these variables?

Where are the U/V components of wind? Where is geopotential height? Why isn’t X variable in this dataset?

Do you have plans to get all of ERA5?

Why are there two model-level datasets and not one?

Why doesn’t this project make use of Pangeo Forge Cloud?

Why use this dataset? What uses are there for the data?

Where should I be cautious? What are the limitations of the dataset?

Can I use the data for {research,commercial} purposes?

How to cite this work

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Where are the U/V components of wind? Where is geopotential height? Why isn’t `X` variable in this dataset?

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