[vector_graphics] useHtmlRenderObject() doesn't catch engine surface-creation failures; SVG widgets crash repeatedly (CanvasKitError on 3.38.x, bare JS string on 3.44.x)

What package does this bug report belong to?

vector_graphics

What target platforms are you seeing this bug on?

Web

Have you already upgraded your packages?

Yes

Dependency versions

pubspec.lock

# Generated by pub
# See https://dart.dev/tools/pub/glossary#lockfile
packages:
  args:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: args
      sha256: d0481093c50b1da8910eb0bb301626d4d8eb7284aa739614d2b394ee09e3ea04
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "2.7.0"
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    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: async
      sha256: e2eb0491ba5ddb6177742d2da23904574082139b07c1e33b8503b9f46f3e1a37
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "2.13.1"
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    dependency: transitive
    description:
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      sha256: "8aab1771e1243a5063b8b0ff68042d67334e3feab9e95b9490f9a6ebf73b42ea"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "2.1.2"
  characters:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: characters
      sha256: faf38497bda5ead2a8c7615f4f7939df04333478bf32e4173fcb06d428b5716b
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.4.1"
  clock:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: clock
      sha256: fddb70d9b5277016c77a80201021d40a2247104d9f4aa7bab7157b7e3f05b84b
      url: "https://pub.dev"
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    description:
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    version: "1.19.1"
  cupertino_icons:
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    description:
      name: cupertino_icons
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      url: "https://pub.dev"
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  fake_async:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
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      url: "https://pub.dev"
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  flutter:
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    description: flutter
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    description:
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      sha256: "3105dc8492f6183fb076ccf1f351ac3d60564bff92e20bfc4af9cc1651f4e7e1"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "6.0.0"
  flutter_svg:
    dependency: "direct main"
    description:
      name: flutter_svg
      sha256: "35882981abcbfb8c15b286f0cd690ff25bac12d95eff3e25ee207f37d4c42e7f"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "2.3.0"
  flutter_test:
    dependency: "direct dev"
    description: flutter
    source: sdk
    version: "0.0.0"
  http:
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    description:
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      sha256: "87721a4a50b19c7f1d49001e51409bddc46303966ce89a65af4f4e6004896412"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.6.0"
  http_parser:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: http_parser
      sha256: "178d74305e7866013777bab2c3d8726205dc5a4dd935297175b19a23a2e66571"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "4.1.2"
  leak_tracker:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: leak_tracker
      sha256: "33e2e26bdd85a0112ec15400c8cbffea70d0f9c3407491f672a2fad47915e2de"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "11.0.2"
  leak_tracker_flutter_testing:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: leak_tracker_flutter_testing
      sha256: "1dbc140bb5a23c75ea9c4811222756104fbcd1a27173f0c34ca01e16bea473c1"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "3.0.10"
  leak_tracker_testing:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: leak_tracker_testing
      sha256: "8d5a2d49f4a66b49744b23b018848400d23e54caf9463f4eb20df3eb8acb2eb1"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "3.0.2"
  lints:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: lints
      sha256: "12f842a479589fea194fe5c5a3095abc7be0c1f2ddfa9a0e76aed1dbd26a87df"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "6.1.0"
  matcher:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: matcher
      sha256: dc0b7dc7651697ea4ff3e69ef44b0407ea32c487a39fff6a4004fa585e901861
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "0.12.19"
  material_color_utilities:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: material_color_utilities
      sha256: "9c337007e82b1889149c82ed242ed1cb24a66044e30979c44912381e9be4c48b"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "0.13.0"
  meta:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: meta
      sha256: "1741988757a65eb6b36abe716829688cf01910bbf91c34354ff7ec1c3de2b349"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.18.0"
  path:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: path
      sha256: "75cca69d1490965be98c73ceaea117e8a04dd21217b37b292c9ddbec0d955bc5"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.9.1"
  path_parsing:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: path_parsing
      sha256: "883402936929eac138ee0a45da5b0f2c80f89913e6dc3bf77eb65b84b409c6ca"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.1.0"
  petitparser:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: petitparser
      sha256: "91bd59303e9f769f108f8df05e371341b15d59e995e6806aefab827b58336675"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "7.0.2"
  sky_engine:
    dependency: transitive
    description: flutter
    source: sdk
    version: "0.0.0"
  source_span:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: source_span
      sha256: "56a02f1f4cd1a2d96303c0144c93bd6d909eea6bee6bf5a0e0b685edbd4c47ab"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.10.2"
  stack_trace:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: stack_trace
      sha256: "8b27215b45d22309b5cddda1aa2b19bdfec9df0e765f2de506401c071d38d1b1"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.12.1"
  stream_channel:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: stream_channel
      sha256: "969e04c80b8bcdf826f8f16579c7b14d780458bd97f56d107d3950fdbeef059d"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "2.1.4"
  string_scanner:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: string_scanner
      sha256: "921cd31725b72fe181906c6a94d987c78e3b98c2e205b397ea399d4054872b43"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.4.1"
  term_glyph:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: term_glyph
      sha256: "7f554798625ea768a7518313e58f83891c7f5024f88e46e7182a4558850a4b8e"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.2.2"
  test_api:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: test_api
      sha256: "949a932224383300f01be9221c39180316445ecb8e7547f70a41a35bf421fb9e"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "0.7.11"
  typed_data:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: typed_data
      sha256: f9049c039ebfeb4cf7a7104a675823cd72dba8297f264b6637062516699fa006
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.4.0"
  vector_graphics:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: vector_graphics
      sha256: "2306c03da2ba81724afeb589c351ebbc0aa7d86005925be8f8735856dbe5e42d"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.2.2"
  vector_graphics_codec:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: vector_graphics_codec
      sha256: "99fd9fbd34d9f9a32efd7b6a6aae14125d8237b10403b422a6a6dfeac2806146"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.1.13"
  vector_graphics_compiler:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: vector_graphics_compiler
      sha256: "142a9146f447d15b10bdc00e21d5f4d83e5b32bb5f8f8f5a04c75311344923a3"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.2.6"
  vector_math:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: vector_math
      sha256: d530bd74fea330e6e364cda7a85019c434070188383e1cd8d9777ee586914c5b
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "2.2.0"
  vm_service:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: vm_service
      sha256: "0016aef94fc66495ac78af5859181e3f3bf2026bd8eecc72b9565601e19ab360"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "15.2.0"
  web:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: web
      sha256: "868d88a33d8a87b18ffc05f9f030ba328ffefba92d6c127917a2ba740f9cfe4a"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "1.1.1"
  xml:
    dependency: transitive
    description:
      name: xml
      sha256: "971043b3a0d3da28727e40ed3e0b5d18b742fa5a68665cca88e74b7876d5e025"
      url: "https://pub.dev"
    source: hosted
    version: "6.6.1"
sdks:
  dart: ">=3.10.4 <4.0.0"
  flutter: ">=3.35.0"

Steps to reproduce

Minimal reproducible example: https://github.com/aqrc/flutter_web_canvaskit_svg_repro (pinned to Flutter 3.44.6 via FVM; also reproduces on 3.38.5)

fvm flutter pub get
fvm flutter run -d chrome (any browser/mode works)
On the Splash screen tap Open Intro. The tap arms the simulated WebGL failure, then navigation builds the first SvgPicture, which crashes its subtree. The rest of the app keeps rendering.

Note on the trigger: in production this occurs organically on Safari/WebKit when WebGL surface creation starts failing mid-session — an environmental condition that can't be reproduced on demand. The MRE's web/index.html recreates that engine state deterministically (verified against the engine source of both 3.38.5 and 3.44.6): the script is dormant until the first pointerdown so the app boots and renders normally; once armed, MakeOnScreenGLSurface returns null for new surfaces (already-created surfaces keep working), and the engine's software fallback fails with the verbatim string CanvasKit's MakeSWCanvasSurface throws on production Safari. From Picture.toImageSync onward, everything is the real engine and the real package code.

Production telemetry since 2026-04-20: ~1,130 events, ~110 users, essentially all Safari/WebKit (Mobile Safari 16.6–26.5, Mobile Safari WKWebView, desktop Safari; a single Firefox event out of >1,000). Flutter 3.38.5 web app (CanvasKit renderer, dart2js release), embedded in an iframe on a partner page; the app had rendered and navigated several routes before each crash, so only the engine's picture-rasterization surface failed, not the display surface. The failure persists within a session: the affected screen auto-advances a story carousel every 5 s, rebuilding the SVG; each rebuild re-runs the probe and crashes again. 1,042 events span 187 traces, with single sessions recording up to 84 occurrences — i.e. ~7 minutes of sustained WebGL failure.

Expected results

Same behavior as the StateError / NoSuchMethodError cases fixed in 1.2.1 (flutter/packages#11685): the probe treats the failure as "raster path unavailable" and falls back to the HTML compatibility render object.

Actual results

The value thrown by toImageSync escapes useHtmlRenderObject() and crashes the VectorGraphic build. Because _cachedUseHtmlRenderObject is only cached on success, every subsequent SVG build repeats the crash. What escapes is engine-version-dependent:

Flutter 3.38.x: Surface._makeSoftwareCanvasSurface wraps the failure into CanvasKitError('Failed to create CPU-based surface: ...').
Flutter 3.44.x: the refactored engine (_recreateSoftwareSkSurface) has no such wrapper, so CanvasKit's bare JS string propagates as-is — it is not even a Dart Error.

Production stack (3.38.5, dart2js release, vector_graphics 1.1.19; the vector_graphics code is unchanged on 1.2.2 / main):

CanvasKitError: Failed to create CPU-based surface: Canvas with id [object HTMLCanvasElement] was not found.

org-dartlang-sdk:///lib/_engine/engine/canvaskit/surface.dart:474  Surface._makeSoftwareCanvasSurface
org-dartlang-sdk:///lib/_engine/engine/canvaskit/surface.dart:278  Surface.createOrUpdateSurface
org-dartlang-sdk:///lib/_engine/engine/canvaskit/picture.dart:94   CkPicture.toImageSync
vector_graphics-1.1.19/lib/src/render_object_selection.dart:28     useHtmlRenderObject
vector_graphics-1.1.19/lib/src/vector_graphics.dart:464            _VectorGraphicWidgetState.build

The inner error comes from CanvasKit's MakeSWCanvasSurface: its instanceof HTMLCanvasElement check fails for the engine's canvas element (which nevertheless stringifies as [object HTMLCanvasElement]), so it falls through to document.getElementById(...) and throws. So the engine's own CPU fallback is broken in this state — arguably a separate engine-side bug — but for this probe the HTML render object is the intended degradation path regardless.

Analysis / suggested fix

useHtmlRenderObject() currently catches UnsupportedError, StateError, and NoSuchMethodError. Enumerating engine failure types has proven to be a losing game: UnsupportedError (old HTML renderer), StateError / NoSuchMethodError (iOS 18.7 Safari, fixed in 1.2.1), CanvasKitError (engine ≤3.38 — declared in dart:_engine, unimportable by package code), and now a bare JS string (engine ≥3.44 — unmatchable by any on type except Object).

The probe exists to answer one question — "can toImageSync be used?" — and any throw answers "no". Suggest replacing the type-specific clauses with a catch-all:

try {
  image = picture.toImageSync(1, 1);
  _cachedUseHtmlRenderObject = false;
} on Object catch (_) {
  // If toImageSync fails for any reason (the failure type varies by engine
  // version and renderer), the raster path is unusable — fall back to the
  // HTML compatibility render object.
  _cachedUseHtmlRenderObject = true;
} finally {
  ...
}

Code sample

Full runnable example in the MRE repo https://github.com/aqrc/flutter_web_canvaskit_svg_repro.
The app side is just SvgPicture.asset(...); the simulation script is in web/index.html.

Screenshots or Videos

Screenshots / Video demonstration

Logs

Flutter 3.44.6 / vector_graphics 1.2.2 (debug, Chrome) — bare JS string escapes

══╡ EXCEPTION CAUGHT BY WIDGETS LIBRARY ╞═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
The following message was thrown building VectorGraphic(dirty, dependencies: [Directionality,
_LocalizationsScope-[GlobalKey#31715]], state: _VectorGraphicWidgetState#febb2):
Canvas with id [object OffscreenCanvas] was not found

The relevant error-causing widget was:
  VectorGraphic
  VectorGraphic:file:///.../vector_graphics-1.2.2/lib/src/vector_graphics.dart:76:24
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Another exception was thrown: Canvas with id [object OffscreenCanvas] was not found
Another exception was thrown: Canvas with id [object OffscreenCanvas] was not found

Flutter 3.38.5 / vector_graphics 1.2.2 (debug, Chrome) — CanvasKitError escapes

══╡ EXCEPTION CAUGHT BY WIDGETS LIBRARY ╞═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
The following CanvasKitError was thrown building VectorGraphic(dirty, dependencies: [Directionality,
_LocalizationsScope-[GlobalKey#ddb88]], state: _VectorGraphicWidgetState#8d3d3):
Failed to create CPU-based surface: Canvas with id [object OffscreenCanvas] was not found.

When the exception was thrown, this was the stack:
lib/_engine/engine/canvaskit/surface.dart 474:7                  [_makeSoftwareCanvasSurface]
lib/_engine/engine/canvaskit/surface.dart 448:16                 [_createNewSurface]
lib/_engine/engine/canvaskit/surface.dart 278:23                 createOrUpdateSurface
lib/_engine/engine/canvaskit/picture.dart 94:40                  toImageSync
package:vector_graphics/src/render_object_selection.dart 28:20   useHtmlRenderObject
package:vector_graphics/src/vector_graphics.dart 458:40          get _webRenderObject
package:vector_graphics/src/vector_graphics.dart 487:11          build
════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
Another exception was thrown: CanvasKitError: Failed to create CPU-based surface: Canvas with id [object OffscreenCanvas] was not found.

(In the MRE in Chrome the engine uses an OffscreenCanvas, hence [object OffscreenCanvas]; on production Safari the same path reports [object HTMLCanvasElement].)

Flutter Doctor output

Doctor output

[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.44.6, on macOS 26.5 25F71 darwin-arm64, locale en-IL)
[✓] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 36.1.0)
[✓] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 26.5)
[✓] Chrome - develop for the web
[✓] Connected device (2 available)
[✓] Network resources

• No issues found!

@aqrc

@aqrc Thanks for the detailed report and the reproducible sample. I was able to reproduce this issue using the provided sample on Flutter Web (Chrome).

Observed behavior:
After tapping "Open Intro", the application logs:

[sim] armed: WebGL surface creation will now fail

The VectorGraphic widget then throws the following exception repeatedly:

Canvas with id [object OffscreenCanvas] was not found

This behavior matches the reported issue, where useHtmlRenderObject() does not catch the surface-creation failure, causing subsequent VectorGraphic builds to repeatedly fail instead of falling back to the HTML compatibility render object. Routing this to team-web for further investigation and added fyi-engine and fyi-ecosystem for visibility since the issue involves both the engine and the vector_graphics package.

Flutter Doctor Output

[√] Flutter (Channel stable, 3.44.6, on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.26200.8655], locale en-IN) [3.4s]
    • Flutter version 3.44.6 on channel stable at C:\flutter
    • Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
    • Framework revision ee80f08bbf (6 days ago), 2026-07-08 15:02:06 -0700
    • Engine revision 83675ed276
    • Dart version 3.12.2
    • DevTools version 2.57.0
    • Feature flags: enable-web, enable-linux-desktop, enable-macos-desktop, enable-windows-desktop, enable-android, enable-ios,
      cli-animations, enable-native-assets, enable-swift-package-manager, omit-legacy-version-file, enable-lldb-debugging,
      enable-uiscene-migration

[√] Windows Version (Windows 11 or higher, 25H2, 2009) [11.5s]

[√] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 36.1.0) [31.7s]
    • Android SDK at C:\Android\Sdk
    • Emulator version 36.5.11.0 (build_id 15261927) (CL:N/A)
    • Platform android-36.1, build-tools 36.1.0
    • Java binary at: C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio\jbr\bin\java
      This is the JDK bundled with the latest Android Studio installation on this machine.
      To manually set the JDK path, use: `flutter config --jdk-dir="path/to/jdk"`.
    • Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 21.0.10+-14961533-b1163.108)
    • All Android licenses accepted.

[√] Chrome - develop for the web [1,050ms]
    • Chrome at C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe

[√] Visual Studio - develop Windows apps (Visual Studio Community 2026 18.6.1) [1,032ms]
    • Visual Studio at C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\18\Community
    • Visual Studio Community 2026 version 18.6.11819.183
    • Windows 10 SDK version 10.0.26100.0

[√] Connected device (4 available) [5.6s]
    • sdk gphone16k x86 64 (mobile) • emulator-5554 • android-x64    • Android 17 (API 37) (emulator)
    • Windows (desktop)             • windows       • windows-x64    • Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.26200.8655]
    • Chrome (web)                  • chrome        • web-javascript • Google Chrome 150.0.7871.115
    • Edge (web)                    • edge          • web-javascript • Microsoft Edge 149.0.4022.80

[√] Network resources [2.9s]
    • All expected network resources are available.

• No issues found!

@aqrc

Thanks @aqrc for the detailed write-up and minimal reproduction! We reproduced this locally when Picture.toImageSync(1, 1) fails during CanvasKit surface creation.

As you noted, useHtmlRenderObject() in package:vector_graphics currently catches only UnsupportedError, StateError, and NoSuchMethodError. When toImageSync fails with anything outside that list (such as CanvasKitError on 3.38 or a JS string throw on newer releases), the error escapes before _cachedUseHtmlRenderObject is set, leaving _VectorGraphicWidgetState._webRenderObject uninitialized so every subsequent build re-runs the probe and crashes again.

We're going to fix this in package:vector_graphics by replacing that exception allow-list in useHtmlRenderObject() with on Object catch (_) and caching _cachedUseHtmlRenderObject = true whenever the toImageSync probe throws, along with regression tests covering non-Error throwables and caching. We'll follow up here once the flutter/packages PR is up.

[vector_graphics] Catch any throwable in useHtmlRenderObject() and ca…

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[vector_graphics] useHtmlRenderObject() doesn't catch engine surface-creation failures; SVG widgets crash repeatedly (CanvasKitError on 3.38.x, bare JS string on 3.44.x) #189451

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[vector_graphics] useHtmlRenderObject() doesn't catch engine surface-creation failures; SVG widgets crash repeatedly (CanvasKitError on 3.38.x, bare JS string on 3.44.x) #189451

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suryaKommana2662 commented on Jul 15, 2026

harryterkelsen commented on Oct 29, 2026

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