[FlutterGPU] Acquiring and Submitting Command Buffers leads to OOM on Android #172068
Description
Steps to reproduce
Upgrade to latest and initialize a new repro;
flutter channel master
flutter upgrade
flutter create gpu_oom_repro
cd gpu_oom_repro
flutter pub add flutter_gpu --sdk=flutter
Update android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml with EnableFlutterGPU set to true.
<application
android:label="my_cool_renderer"
android:name="${applicationName}"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher">
<meta-data
android:name="io.flutter.embedding.android.EnableFlutterGPU"
android:value="true"
/>
<activity
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:exported="true"
android:launchMode="singleTop"
android:taskAffinity=""
android:theme="@style/LaunchTheme"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|keyboard|screenSize|smallestScreenSize|locale|layoutDirection|fontScale|screenLayout|density|uiMode"
android:hardwareAccelerated="true"
android:windowSoftInputMode="adjustResize">
<!-- Specifies an Android theme to apply to this Activity as soon as
the Android process has started. This theme is visible to the user
while the Flutter UI initializes. After that, this theme continues
to determine the Window background behind the Flutter UI. -->
<meta-data
android:name="io.flutter.embedding.android.NormalTheme"
android:resource="@style/NormalTheme"
/>
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<!-- Don't delete the meta-data below.
This is used by the Flutter tool to generate GeneratedPluginRegistrant.java -->
<meta-data
android:name="flutterEmbedding"
android:value="2" />
</application>
<!-- Required to query activities that can process text, see:
https://developer.android.com/training/package-visibility and
https://developer.android.com/reference/android/content/Intent#ACTION_PROCESS_TEXT.
In particular, this is used by the Flutter engine in io.flutter.plugin.text.ProcessTextPlugin. -->
<queries>
<intent>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.PROCESS_TEXT"/>
<data android:mimeType="text/plain"/>
</intent>
</queries>
</manifest>
Replace main.dart with:
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_gpu/gpu.dart' as gpu;
void main() {
runApp(const MyApp());
}
class MyApp extends StatefulWidget {
const MyApp({super.key});
@override
MyAppState createState() => MyAppState();
}
class MyAppState extends State<MyApp> with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
@override
void initState() {
createTicker((elapsed) {
setState(() {});
}).start();
super.initState();
}
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp(
title: 'My 3D app',
home: CustomPaint(painter: TrianglePainter()),
);
}
}
class TrianglePainter extends CustomPainter {
@override
void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
final commandBuffer = gpu.gpuContext.createCommandBuffer();
commandBuffer.submit();
}
@override
bool shouldRepaint(covariant CustomPainter oldDelegate) => true;
}
Launch the application on device
flutter run -v
Open a new Terminal Window and use adb to pull memory usage;
adb shell dumpsys meminfo com.example.gpu_oom_repro
Output:
Applications Memory Usage (in Kilobytes):
Uptime: 373960184 Realtime: 3852235493
** MEMINFO in pid 10672 [com.example.gpu_oom_repro] **
Pss Private Private SwapPss Rss Heap Heap Heap
Total Dirty Clean Dirty Total Size Alloc Free
------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Native Heap 40113 40004 72 45 40840 45520 37609 7910
Dalvik Heap 2860 2824 4 167 3276 5653 2843 2810
Dalvik Other 6695 2080 0 3 11488
Stack 1228 1228 0 0 1232
Ashmem 40 0 0 0 700
Gfx dev 7728 7728 0 0 7728
Other dev 410 356 16 0 776
.so mmap 13581 232 11272 11 26192
.jar mmap 9392 0 6712 0 20436
.apk mmap 11626 564 10672 0 12884
.ttf mmap 1451 0 240 0 2684
.dex mmap 6747 6716 0 0 7248
.oat mmap 117 0 84 0 400
.art mmap 10657 8300 1364 175 20752
Other mmap 36890 8 35260 0 38888
EGL mtrack 38100 38100 0 0 38100
GL mtrack 576 576 0 0 576
Unknown 83785 83616 136 1 84116
TOTAL 272398 192332 65832 402 318316 51173 40452 10720
App Summary
Pss(KB) Rss(KB)
------ ------
Java Heap: 12488 24028
Native Heap: 40004 40840
Code: 37064 79640
Stack: 1228 1232
Graphics: 46404 46404
Private Other: 120976
System: 14234
Unknown: 126172
TOTAL PSS: 272398 TOTAL RSS: 318316 TOTAL SWAP PSS: 402
Objects
Views: 8 ViewRootImpl: 1
AppContexts: 6 Activities: 1
Assets: 17 AssetManagers: 0
Local Binders: 13 Proxy Binders: 42
Parcel memory: 5 Parcel count: 23
Death Recipients: 0 OpenSSL Sockets: 0
WebViews: 0
SQL
MEMORY_USED: 0
PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW: 0 MALLOC_SIZE: 0
After approximately two minutes of idling, TOTAL memory usage has climbed significantly (+200mb). If left idling, eventually the application crashes.
Applications Memory Usage (in Kilobytes):
Uptime: 374108118 Realtime: 3852383427
** MEMINFO in pid 10672 [com.example.gpu_oom_repro] **
Pss Private Private SwapPss Rss Heap Heap Heap
Total Dirty Clean Dirty Total Size Alloc Free
------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Native Heap 120288 120208 68 4387 120616 128720 124607 4112
Dalvik Heap 7859 2684 5064 55 8516 5655 2828 2827
Dalvik Other 6680 1904 48 278 11592
Stack 868 868 0 288 872
Ashmem 2 0 0 0 8
Gfx dev 55960 55960 0 0 55960
Other dev 37 16 8 0 336
.so mmap 13432 96 11272 152 26028
.jar mmap 9424 0 6732 0 20492
.apk mmap 11383 320 10676 244 12636
.ttf mmap 1151 0 240 0 2084
.dex mmap 655 624 0 6092 1156
.oat mmap 117 0 84 0 400
.art mmap 7446 3328 3044 5111 17664
Other mmap 35920 4 34560 4 37648
EGL mtrack 38100 38100 0 0 38100
GL mtrack 576 576 0 0 576
Unknown 97250 97072 148 3741 97568
TOTAL 427500 321760 71944 20352 452252 134375 127435 6939
App Summary
Pss(KB) Rss(KB)
------ ------
Java Heap: 9056 26180
Native Heap: 120208 120616
Code: 30620 72812
Stack: 868 872
Graphics: 94636 94636
Private Other: 138316
System: 33796
Unknown: 137136
TOTAL PSS: 427500 TOTAL RSS: 452252 TOTAL SWAP PSS: 20352
Objects
Views: 8 ViewRootImpl: 1
AppContexts: 6 Activities: 1
Assets: 17 AssetManagers: 0
Local Binders: 13 Proxy Binders: 42
Parcel memory: 6 Parcel count: 25
Death Recipients: 0 OpenSSL Sockets: 0
WebViews: 0
SQL
MEMORY_USED: 0
PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW: 0 MALLOC_SIZE: 0
Expected results
App should be able to idle without increasing memory usage. This can be achieved by editing the paint(...) function to read as follows:
class TrianglePainter extends CustomPainter {
@override
void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
return;
final commandBuffer = gpu.gpuContext.createCommandBuffer();
commandBuffer.submit();
}
@override
bool shouldRepaint(covariant CustomPainter oldDelegate) => true;
}
When skipping createCommandBuffer/submit calls, application memory is stable at approximately ~270mb under the TOTAL row.
Actual results
Crashes with an Out of Memory error after a while.
[+3360 ms] I/e.gpu_oom_repr(10672): Explicit concurrent copying GC freed 815KB AllocSpace bytes, 0(0B) LOS objects, 49% free, 2832KB/5664KB, paused 62us,38us total 22.759ms
[+217708 ms] W/Adreno-GSL(10672): <sharedmem_gpuobj_alloc:2736>: sharedmem_gpumem_alloc: mmap failed errno 12 Out of memory
[ +1 ms] E/Adreno-GSL(10672): <gsl_memory_alloc_pure:2614>: GSL MEM ERROR: kgsl_sharedmem_alloc ioctl failed.
[ +2 ms] F/libc (10672): Fatal signal 11 (SIGSEGV), code 1 (SEGV_MAPERR), fault addr 0x1c in tid 10672 (e.gpu_oom_repro), pid 10672 (e.gpu_oom_repro)
[+1728 ms] *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** ***
[ ] Build fingerprint: 'samsung/gta4lwifixx/gta4lwifi:12/SP1A.210812.016/T500XXS8CXG1:user/release-keys'
[ ] Revision: '0'
[ ] ABI: 'arm64'
[ ] Processor: '5'
[ ] Timestamp: 2025-07-12 14:25:52.448201343-0700
[ ] Process uptime: 472s
[ ] Cmdline: com.example.gpu_oom_repro
[ ] pid: 10672, tid: 10672, name: e.gpu_oom_repro >>> com.example.gpu_oom_repro <<<
[ ] uid: 10017
[ ] signal 11 (SIGSEGV), code 1 (SEGV_MAPERR), fault addr 0x1c
[ ] Cause: null pointer dereference
[ ] x0 b400007d3a6d7940 x1 0000000000000000 x2 0000000000000000 x3 000000000000000f
[ ] x4 b400007df9bc8000 x5 b400007df9bc80b8 x6 0000000100000000 x7 7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f
[ ] x8 d0ac432fc4b89c66 x9 0000000000000000 x10 00000000000001c0 x11 0000007d00000000
[ ] x12 0000000000000000 x13 000000001c57dfc0 x14 0000000000000001 x15 0000000000000000
[ ] x16 0000007eaa16ed60 x17 0000007eaa15dcd4 x18 0000007ebbe9c000 x19 b400007d3a6d7940
[ ] x20 0000000000000001 x21 0000000000000001 x22 0000000000000000 x23 0000000000000000
[ ] x24 00000000ffffffe0 x25 0000000000000020 x26 0000000000000000 x27 0000007c06795f00
[ ] x28 000000080000007c x29 0000007fce23b820
[ ] lr 0000007d80b46a6c sp 0000007fce23b820 pc 0000007d80b46424 pst 0000000060000000
[ ] backtrace:
[ ] #00 pc 0000000000135424 /vendor/lib64/hw/vulkan.adreno.so (!!!0000!08c664f899e474097c934ab231f22e!5eaa426211!+28) (BuildId: 2423be7c949412774885f0d6e72c67e6)
[ ] #01 pc 0000000000135a68 /vendor/lib64/hw/vulkan.adreno.so (!!!0000!65bb4f16e1c4caf7a56f18c58bd23d!5eaa426211!+392) (BuildId: 2423be7c949412774885f0d6e72c67e6)
[ ] #02 pc 0000000000074084 /vendor/lib64/hw/vulkan.adreno.so (qglinternal::vkBeginCommandBuffer(VkCommandBuffer_T*, VkCommandBufferBeginInfo const*)+140) (BuildId: 2423be7c949412774885f0d6e72c67e6)
[ ] #03 pc 0000000001df4f08 /data/app/~~6lI5EAOfgoPUpeZnyGqcmg==/com.example.gpu_oom_repro-9esO5IJJmB9LwONnFPGdZg==/base.apk!libflutter.so (BuildId: cfed56bb2af0c4bb1edadfcd12315f98cad2643f)
[ ] #04 pc 0000000001e91800 /data/app/~~6lI5EAOfgoPUpeZnyGqcmg==/com.example.gpu_oom_repro-9esO5IJJmB9LwONnFPGdZg==/base.apk!libflutter.so (InternalFlutterGpu_CommandBuffer_Initialize+60) (BuildId: cfed56bb2af0c4bb1edadfcd12315f98cad2643f)
[ ] #05 pc 00000000000080f4 [anon:dart-code]
[+1826 ms] Service protocol connection closed.
[ ] Lost connection to device.
[ +1 ms] DevFS: Deleting filesystem on the device (file:///data/user/0/com.example.gpu_oom_repro/code_cache/gpu_oom_reproBOKKIS/gpu_oom_repro/)
[ ] DevFS: Deleted filesystem on the device (file:///data/user/0/com.example.gpu_oom_repro/code_cache/gpu_oom_reproBOKKIS/gpu_oom_repro/)
[ +2 ms] "flutter run" took 488,877ms.
[ +60 ms] Running 3 shutdown hooks
[ +11 ms] Shutdown hooks complete
[ +47 ms] exiting with code 0
Code sample
Code sample
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_gpu/gpu.dart' as gpu;
void main() {
runApp(const MyApp());
}
class MyApp extends StatefulWidget {
const MyApp({super.key});
@override
MyAppState createState() => MyAppState();
}
class MyAppState extends State<MyApp> with SingleTickerProviderStateMixin {
@override
void initState() {
createTicker((elapsed) {
setState(() {});
}).start();
super.initState();
}
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp(
title: 'My 3D app',
home: CustomPaint(painter: TrianglePainter()),
);
}
}
class TrianglePainter extends CustomPainter {
@override
void paint(Canvas canvas, Size size) {
final commandBuffer = gpu.gpuContext.createCommandBuffer();
commandBuffer.submit();
}
@override
bool shouldRepaint(covariant CustomPainter oldDelegate) => true;
}Screenshots or Video
Screenshots / Video demonstration
[Upload media here]
Logs
Logs
https://gist.github.com/LordNed/093797e3622ec17e261ca4a3bd5d577e
Flutter Doctor output
Doctor output
flutter doctor -v
[√] Flutter (Channel master, 3.33.0-1.0.pre.945, on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19045.5965], locale en-US) [3.9s]
• Flutter version 3.33.0-1.0.pre.945 on channel master at O:\code\flutter\flutter
• Upstream repository https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
• Framework revision 35f197f1e5 (12 hours ago), 2025-07-12 06:18:38 -0400
• Engine revision 35f197f1e5
• Dart version 3.9.0 (build 3.9.0-328.0.dev)
• DevTools version 2.48.0
• Feature flags: enable-web, enable-linux-desktop, enable-macos-desktop, enable-windows-desktop, enable-android, enable-ios, cli-animations, enable-native-assets
[√] Windows Version (10 Pro 64-bit, 22H2, 2009) [6.2s]
[√] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 36.0.0) [3.5s]
• Android SDK at C:\Users\Matt\AppData\Local\Android\sdk
• Emulator version 35.5.10.0 (build_id 13402964) (CL:N/A)
• Platform android-36, build-tools 36.0.0
• Java binary at: C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio\jbr\bin\java
This is the JDK bundled with the latest Android Studio installation on this machine.
To manually set the JDK path, use: `flutter config --jdk-dir="path/to/jdk"`.
• Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 21.0.6+-13368085-b895.109)
• All Android licenses accepted.
[√] Chrome - develop for the web [195ms]
• Chrome at C:\Program Files (x86)\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe
[√] Visual Studio - develop Windows apps (Visual Studio Community 2022 17.13.2) [192ms]
• Visual Studio at C:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio\2022\Community
• Visual Studio Community 2022 version 17.13.35825.156
• Windows 10 SDK version 10.0.22621.0
[√] Android Studio (version 2024.3.2) [21ms]
• Android Studio at C:\Program Files\Android\Android Studio
• Flutter plugin can be installed from:
https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/9212-flutter
• Dart plugin can be installed from:
https://plugins.jetbrains.com/plugin/6351-dart
• Java version OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 21.0.6+-13368085-b895.109)
[√] VS Code (version 1.102.0) [19ms]
• VS Code at C:\Users\Matt\AppData\Local\Programs\Microsoft VS Code
• Flutter extension version 3.114.0
[√] Connected device (4 available) [952ms]
• SM T500 (mobile) • R9ARA02NMWF • android-arm64 • Android 12 (API 31)
• Windows (desktop) • windows • windows-x64 • Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.19045.5965]
• Chrome (web) • chrome • web-javascript • Google Chrome 138.0.7204.101
• Edge (web) • edge • web-javascript • Microsoft Edge 137.0.3296.83
[√] Network resources [1,300ms]
• All expected network resources are available.
• No issues found!
PS O:\code\flutter\flutter_gpu\