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@miguelg719 miguelg719 commented Dec 15, 2025

why

With many concurrent sessions, memory leaks can crash the node process

what changed

Ensured handler cleanup as well as removed eventbus listeners when calling stagehand.close()

test plan


Summary by cubic

Fully clean up V3 on close to prevent memory leaks and stuck handlers. We remove event bus listeners and clear local state during teardown.

  • Bug Fixes
    • Remove all event bus listeners on close.
    • Reset act/extract/observe handlers and clear history.
    • Ensure instance is removed from the global registry.

Written for commit 6330dde. Summary will update automatically on new commits.

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changeset-bot bot commented Dec 15, 2025

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: 6330dde

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

This PR includes changesets to release 3 packages
Name Type
@browserbasehq/stagehand Patch
@browserbasehq/stagehand-evals Patch
@browserbasehq/stagehand-server Patch

Not sure what this means? Click here to learn what changesets are.

Click here if you're a maintainer who wants to add another changeset to this PR

@miguelg719 miguelg719 marked this pull request as ready for review December 16, 2025 00:34
@greptile-apps
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greptile-apps bot commented Dec 16, 2025

Greptile Overview

Greptile Summary

Fixed memory leaks in concurrent session scenarios by properly cleaning up resources in v3.close(). The changes ensure event bus listeners are removed and handler references are cleared when a V3 instance is closed.

  • Added this.bus.removeAllListeners() to prevent lingering event listeners
  • Cleared _history array to free accumulated data
  • Set actHandler, extractHandler, and observeHandler to null to release handler instances
  • All cleanup is in a try-catch to ensure it doesn't fail the close operation

Confidence Score: 5/5

  • This PR is safe to merge - straightforward cleanup logic that prevents memory leaks
  • The changes add proper resource cleanup in the close() method without altering any existing logic. All new cleanup code is wrapped in try-catch blocks to prevent failures, and the changes directly address the stated memory leak issue. The event bus is properly cleaned up, handlers are dereferenced, and history is cleared.
  • No files require special attention

Important Files Changed

File Analysis

Filename Score Overview
packages/core/lib/v3/v3.ts 5/5 Added cleanup for event bus listeners and handler references in close() to prevent memory leaks
.changeset/orange-peaches-happen.md 5/5 Standard changeset file documenting the memory leak fix

Sequence Diagram

sequenceDiagram
    participant User
    participant V3
    participant Bus as EventEmitter
    participant Handlers as Act/Extract/Observe Handlers
    participant Registry as V3._instances

    User->>V3: close()
    activate V3
    
    Note over V3: Close API client, session logger
    
    V3->>V3: ctx.close()
    Note over V3: Close CDP context & Chrome
    
    V3->>V3: Reset state to UNINITIALIZED
    V3->>V3: unbindInstanceLogger()
    
    rect rgb(200, 220, 255)
        Note over V3,Handlers: New cleanup to prevent memory leaks
        V3->>Bus: removeAllListeners()
        Note over Bus: Clear all event listeners
        
        V3->>V3: _history = []
        Note over V3: Free accumulated data
        
        V3->>Handlers: actHandler = null
        V3->>Handlers: extractHandler = null
        V3->>Handlers: observeHandler = null
        Note over Handlers: Release handler references
    end
    
    V3->>Registry: _instances.delete(this)
    Note over Registry: Remove from global registry
    
    deactivate V3
    User-->>V3: close() complete
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1 file reviewed, no comments

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No issues found across 2 files

@miguelg719 miguelg719 merged commit 934f492 into main Dec 16, 2025
19 checks passed
miguelg719 pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Dec 27, 2025
This PR was opened by the [Changesets
release](https://github.com/changesets/action) GitHub action. When
you're ready to do a release, you can merge this and the packages will
be published to npm automatically. If you're not ready to do a release
yet, that's fine, whenever you add more changesets to main, this PR will
be updated.


# Releases
## @browserbasehq/[email protected]

### Patch Changes

- [#1461](#1461)
[`0f3991e`](0f3991e)
Thanks [@tkattkat](https://github.com/tkattkat)! - Move hybrid mode out
of experimental

- [#1433](#1433)
[`e0e22e0`](e0e22e0)
Thanks [@tkattkat](https://github.com/tkattkat)! - Put hybrid mode
behind experimental

- [#1456](#1456)
[`f261051`](f261051)
Thanks [@shrey150](https://github.com/shrey150)! - Invoke page.hover for
agent move action

- [#1473](#1473)
[`e021674`](e021674)
Thanks [@shrey150](https://github.com/shrey150)! - Add safety
confirmation support for OpenAI + Google CUA

- [#1399](#1399)
[`6a5496f`](6a5496f)
Thanks [@tkattkat](https://github.com/tkattkat)! - Ensure cua agent is
killed when stagehand.close is called

- [#1436](#1436)
[`fea1700`](fea1700)
Thanks [@miguelg719](https://github.com/miguelg719)! - Fix auto-load key
for act/extract/observe parametrized models on api

- [#1439](#1439)
[`5b288d9`](5b288d9)
Thanks [@tkattkat](https://github.com/tkattkat)! - Remove base64 from
agent actions array ( still present in messages object )

- [#1408](#1408)
[`e822f5a`](e822f5a)
Thanks [@seanmcguire12](https://github.com/seanmcguire12)! - allow for
act() cache hit when variable values change

- [#1472](#1472)
[`638efc7`](638efc7)
Thanks [@seanmcguire12](https://github.com/seanmcguire12)! - fix: agent
cache not refreshed on action failure

- [#1424](#1424)
[`a890f16`](a890f16)
Thanks [@seanmcguire12](https://github.com/seanmcguire12)! - fix:
"Error: -32000 Failed to convert response to JSON: CBOR: stack limit
exceeded"

- [#1418](#1418)
[`934f492`](934f492)
Thanks [@miguelg719](https://github.com/miguelg719)! - Cleanup handlers
and bus listeners on close

- [#1430](#1430)
[`bd2db92`](bd2db92)
Thanks [@shrey150](https://github.com/shrey150)! - Fix CUA model
coordinate translation

- [#1465](#1465)
[`51e0170`](51e0170)
Thanks [@miguelg719](https://github.com/miguelg719)! - Add media
resolution high provider option to gemini 3 hybrid agent

- [#1431](#1431)
[`05f5580`](05f5580)
Thanks [@tkattkat](https://github.com/tkattkat)! - Update the cache
handling for agent

- [#1432](#1432)
[`f56a9c2`](f56a9c2)
Thanks [@tkattkat](https://github.com/tkattkat)! - Deprecate cua: true
in favor of mode: "cua"

- [#1406](#1406)
[`b40ae11`](b40ae11)
Thanks [@tkattkat](https://github.com/tkattkat)! - Add support for
hovering with coordinates ( page.hover )

- [#1407](#1407)
[`0d2b398`](0d2b398)
Thanks [@tkattkat](https://github.com/tkattkat)! - Clean up page methods

- [#1412](#1412)
[`cd01f29`](cd01f29)
Thanks [@seanmcguire12](https://github.com/seanmcguire12)! - fix: load
GOOGLE_API_KEY from .env

- [#1462](#1462)
[`a734fca`](a734fca)
Thanks [@shrey150](https://github.com/shrey150)! - fix: correctly pass
userDataDir to chrome launcher

- [#1466](#1466)
[`b342acf`](b342acf)
Thanks [@seanmcguire12](https://github.com/seanmcguire12)! - move
playwright to optional dependencies

- [#1440](#1440)
[`2987cd1`](2987cd1)
Thanks [@tkattkat](https://github.com/tkattkat)! - [Feature] support
excluding tools from agent

- [#1455](#1455)
[`dfab1d5`](dfab1d5)
Thanks [@seanmcguire12](https://github.com/seanmcguire12)! - update
aisdk client to better enforce structured output with deepseek models

- [#1428](#1428)
[`4d71162`](4d71162)
Thanks [@tkattkat](https://github.com/tkattkat)! - Add "hybrid" mode to
stagehand agent

## @browserbasehq/[email protected]

### Minor Changes

- [#1459](#1459)
[`abb3469`](abb3469)
Thanks [@monadoid](https://github.com/monadoid)! - Added building of
binaries

- [#1457](#1457)
[`5fc1281`](5fc1281)
Thanks [@monadoid](https://github.com/monadoid)! - First changeset for
stagehand-server

- [#1469](#1469)
[`d634d45`](d634d45)
Thanks [@monadoid](https://github.com/monadoid)! - Bump to test binary
builds

### Patch Changes

- Updated dependencies
\[[`0f3991e`](0f3991e),
[`e0e22e0`](e0e22e0),
[`f261051`](f261051),
[`e021674`](e021674),
[`6a5496f`](6a5496f),
[`fea1700`](fea1700),
[`5b288d9`](5b288d9),
[`e822f5a`](e822f5a),
[`638efc7`](638efc7),
[`a890f16`](a890f16),
[`934f492`](934f492),
[`bd2db92`](bd2db92),
[`51e0170`](51e0170),
[`05f5580`](05f5580),
[`f56a9c2`](f56a9c2),
[`b40ae11`](b40ae11),
[`0d2b398`](0d2b398),
[`cd01f29`](cd01f29),
[`a734fca`](a734fca),
[`b342acf`](b342acf),
[`2987cd1`](2987cd1),
[`dfab1d5`](dfab1d5),
[`4d71162`](4d71162)]:
    -   @browserbasehq/[email protected]

## @browserbasehq/[email protected]

### Patch Changes

- [#1373](#1373)
[`cadd192`](cadd192)
Thanks [@tkattkat](https://github.com/tkattkat)! - Update screenshot
collector in agent evals cli

- Updated dependencies
\[[`0f3991e`](0f3991e),
[`e0e22e0`](e0e22e0),
[`f261051`](f261051),
[`e021674`](e021674),
[`6a5496f`](6a5496f),
[`fea1700`](fea1700),
[`5b288d9`](5b288d9),
[`e822f5a`](e822f5a),
[`638efc7`](638efc7),
[`a890f16`](a890f16),
[`934f492`](934f492),
[`bd2db92`](bd2db92),
[`51e0170`](51e0170),
[`05f5580`](05f5580),
[`f56a9c2`](f56a9c2),
[`b40ae11`](b40ae11),
[`0d2b398`](0d2b398),
[`cd01f29`](cd01f29),
[`a734fca`](a734fca),
[`b342acf`](b342acf),
[`2987cd1`](2987cd1),
[`dfab1d5`](dfab1d5),
[`4d71162`](4d71162)]:
    -   @browserbasehq/[email protected]

Co-authored-by: github-actions[bot] <41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
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3 participants