babel · nicolo-ribaudo · Jul 2, 2025 · Jun 24, 2025 · Jun 24, 2025
diff --git a/docs/options.md b/docs/options.md
@@ -662,11 +662,13 @@ The `sourceRoot` fields to set in the generated source map, if one is desired.
 
 ### `sourceType`
 
-Type: `"script" | "module" | "unambiguous"`<br />
+Type: `"script" | "module" | "commonjs" | "unambiguous"`<br />
 Default: "module"<br />
 
 - `"script"` - Parse the file using the ECMAScript Script grammar. No `import`/`export` statements allowed, and files are not in strict mode.
 - `"module"` - Parse the file using the ECMAScript Module grammar. Files are automatically strict, and `import`/`export` statements are allowed.
+- `"commonjs"` - Parse the file as it will be run in a CommonJS environment. This option is recommended when transforming `.cjs` sources. See [Parser docs](./parser.md#options) for syntax
+differences between `"script"` and `"commonjs"`.
 - `"unambiguous"` - Consider the file a "module" if `import`/`export` statements are present, or else consider it a "script".
 
 `unambiguous` can be quite useful in contexts where the type is unknown, but it can lead to
@@ -886,7 +888,7 @@ Here are some examples, on how matching works:
 | File extension pattern (`*.ext`)   | `foo/*.js`       | `/src/foo/test.js`, `/src/foo/index.js/`     | `/src/foo/test.ts`, `/src/foo/test.js.map`     |
 | Combined patterns                  | `**/test/*.js`   | `/src/test/file.js`, `/src/a/b/test/file.js` | `/src/test.js`, `/src/test/sub/file.js`        |
 
-Here are examples, where `*` does *not* have a wildcard function: 
+Here are examples, where `*` does *not* have a wildcard function:
 
 | Description           | Pattern          | Does Not Match                                              |
 | --------------------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------- |

diff --git a/docs/parser.md b/docs/parser.md
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ mind. When in doubt, use `.parse()`.
 
 | Version   | Changes                                            |
 | --------- | -------------------------------------------------- |
+| `v7.28.0` | Added `sourceType: "commonjs"`                     |
 | `v7.27.0` | Added `allowYieldOutsideFunction`                  |
 | `v7.26.0` | Added `startIndex`                                 |
 | `v7.23.0` | Added `createImportExpressions`                    |
@@ -96,7 +97,9 @@ mind. When in doubt, use `.parse()`.
 - **plugins**: Array containing the plugins that you want to enable.
 
 - **sourceType**: Indicate the mode the code should be parsed in. Can be
-  one of `"script"`, `"module"`, or `"unambiguous"`. Defaults to `"script"`. `"unambiguous"` will make @babel/parser attempt to _guess_, based on the presence of ES6 `import` or `export` statements. Files with ES6 `import`s and `export`s are considered `"module"` and are otherwise `"script"`.
+  one of `"script"`, `"commonjs"`, `"module"` or `"unambiguous"`. Defaults to `"script"`. `"unambiguous"` will make @babel/parser attempt to _guess_, based on the presence of ES6 `import` or `export` statements. Files with ES6 `import`s and `export`s are considered `"module"` and are otherwise `"script"`.
+
+  The `"commonjs"` mode indicates that the code should be run in a CommonJS environment such as Node.js. It is mostly compatible with the `"script"` mode except that `return`, `new.target` and `using`/`await using` declarations are allowed in the top level.
 
 - **sourceFilename**: Correlate output AST nodes with their source filename. Useful when generating code and source maps from the ASTs of multiple input files.
 

diff --git a/website/src/components/repl/ReplOptions.tsx b/website/src/components/repl/ReplOptions.tsx
@@ -363,6 +363,7 @@ class ExpandedContainer extends Component<Props, State> {
                 >
                   <option value="module">Module</option>
                   <option value="script">Script</option>
+                  <option value="commonjs">CommonJS</option>
                   <option value="unambiguous">Unambiguous</option>
                 </select>
               </label>

diff --git a/website/src/components/repl/types.ts b/website/src/components/repl/types.ts
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ export type PluginStateMap = {
   [name: string]: PluginState;
 };
 
-export type SourceType = "script" | "module" | "unambiguous";
+export type SourceType = "script" | "module" | "commonjs" | "unambiguous";
 
 export type CompileConfig = {
   envConfig: EnvConfig | undefined | null;