_______________________________ test_url_nocache _______________________________

    @remote_data
    def test_url_nocache():

        from ..data import get_readable_fileobj

        with get_readable_fileobj(TESTURL, cache=False) as googlepage:
>           assert googlepage.read().find('oogle</title>') > -1
E           TypeError: read() should return bytes

astropy\utils\tests\test_data.py:44: TypeError
------------------------------- Captured stdout --------------------------------
Downloading http://www.google.com/index.html [Done]
______________________________ test_find_by_hash _______________________________

    @remote_data
    def test_find_by_hash():

        from ..data import get_readable_fileobj, get_pkg_data_filename, clear_download_cache

        import hashlib

        with get_readable_fileobj(TESTURL, cache=True) as googlepage:
>           hash = hashlib.md5(googlepage.read())
E           TypeError: read() should return bytes

astropy\utils\tests\test_data.py:54: TypeError
------------------------------- Captured stdout --------------------------------
Downloading http://www.google.com/index.html [Done]
_________________________ test_data_noastropy_fallback _________________________

monkeypatch = <_pytest.monkeypatch.monkeypatch object at 0x051E17F0>
recwarn = <_pytest.recwarn.WarningsRecorder object at 0x051E1850>

    @remote_data
    def test_data_noastropy_fallback(monkeypatch, recwarn):
        """
        Tests to make sure the default behavior when the cache directory can't
        be located is correct
        """
        from pytest import raises
        from .. import data
        from ...config import paths

        # needed for testing the *real* lock at the end
        lockdir = os.path.join(_get_download_cache_locs()[0], 'lock')

        #better yet, set the configuration to make sure the temp files are deleted
        data.DELETE_TEMPORARY_DOWNLOADS_AT_EXIT.set(True)

        #make sure the config and cache directories are not searched
        monkeypatch.setenv('XDG_CONFIG_HOME', 'foo')
        monkeypatch.delenv('XDG_CONFIG_HOME')
        monkeypatch.setenv('XDG_CACHE_HOME', 'bar')
        monkeypatch.delenv('XDG_CACHE_HOME')

        # make sure the _find_or_create_astropy_dir function fails as though the
        # astropy dir could not be accessed
        def osraiser(dirnm, linkto):
            raise OSError
        monkeypatch.setattr(paths, '_find_or_create_astropy_dir', osraiser)

        with raises(OSError):
            #make sure the config dir search fails
            paths.get_cache_dir()

        #first try with cache
        fnout = data.download_file(TESTURL, cache=True)
        assert os.path.isfile(fnout)

        assert len(recwarn.list) > 1
        w1 = recwarn.pop()
        w2 = recwarn.pop()

        assert w1.category == data.CacheMissingWarning
        assert 'Remote data cache could not be accessed' in w1.message.args[0]
        assert w2.category == data.CacheMissingWarning
        assert 'File downloaded to temporary location' in w2.message.args[0]
        assert fnout == w2.message.args[1]

        #clearing the cache should be a no-up that doesn't affect fnout
        data.clear_download_cache(TESTURL)
        assert os.path.isfile(fnout)

        #now remove it so tests don't clutter up the temp dir
        #this should get called at exit, anyway, but we do it here just to make
        #sure it's working correctly
        data._deltemps()
        assert not os.path.isfile(fnout)

        assert len(recwarn.list) > 0
        w3 = recwarn.pop()

        assert w3.category == data.CacheMissingWarning
        assert 'Not clearing data cache - cache inacessable' in str(w3.message)

        #now try with no cache
        fnnocache = data.download_file(TESTURL, cache=False)
        with open(fnnocache) as googlepage:
>           assert googlepage.read().decode().find('oogle</title>') > -1
E           AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'decode'

astropy\utils\tests\test_data.py:202: AttributeError
------------------------------- Captured stdout --------------------------------