* main:
  Document adding fixes in CONTRIBUTING.md (#24393)
  Sort formatter diagnostics in snapshots (#24375)
  [`pyupgrade`] Fix panic caused by handling of octals in `UP012` (#24390)
  Upgrade to nix v0.31.2 (#24385)
  Strip form feeds from indent passed to `dedent_to` (#24381)
  add recent move of the `deferred` submodule to `.git-blame-ignore-revs` (#24379)
  [ty] Fix extra_items TypedDict tests (#24367)
  [ty] Use `infer_type_expression` for validating PEP-613 type aliases (#24370)
  [`flake8-simplify`] Make the fix for `collapsible-if` (`SIM102`) safe in `preview` (#24371)
  [ty] Validate TypedDict fields when subclassing (#24338)
  [ty] pass type context to sequence literals in binary operations (#24197)
  Add release environment to notify-dependents job (#24372)
  Bump 0.15.9 (#24369)
  [ty] Move the `deferred` submodule inside `infer/builder` (#24368)
  [ty] Infer the `extra_items` keyword argument to class-based TypedDicts as an annotation expression (#24362)
  [ty] Validate type qualifiers in functional TypedDict fields and the `extra_items` keyword to functional TypedDicts (#24360)

…Concatenate

Bumps ruff submodule to pull in astral-sh/ruff main through ty 0.0.31
(openrewrite/ruff ty-types-2 tip 1f844143e8).

API shim changes:
- ProjectDatabase::new → ProjectDatabase::fallible; the constructor now
  takes a MisconfigurationStrategy, and `fallible` matches our prior
  error-propagating behavior.
- ClassLiteral gained DynamicTypedDict / DynamicEnum variants; replace
  the per-variant match in supertypes_from_class_literal with the
  uniform ClassLiteral::explicit_bases(db), which already handles them.
- Type gained a Divergent(DivergentType) cycle marker; folded into the
  Other fallback alongside DataclassDecorator / BoundSuper.

New wire-protocol fields on ParameterInfo:
- concatenatePrefix (bool) — set on leading positional params of a
  Concatenate[T1, ..., Tn, P] / Concatenate[T1, ..., Tn, ...] signature.
- paramSpecName (string) — set on the synthesized *args / **kwargs
  entries that stand in for a ParamSpec tail, carrying that ParamSpec's
  name.

Both fields are omitted when absent, so consumers that ignore unknown
fields see no change.

TypedDict.extraItems is noted as a TODO in registry.rs: ty's
inference-side parsing landed in astral-sh/ruff#24362, but the public
accessor on TypedDictType is still unavailable.

…Concatenate (#14)

* Update ruff submodule to latest ty-types-2 branch; surface ParamSpec/Concatenate

Bumps ruff submodule to pull in astral-sh/ruff main through ty 0.0.31
(openrewrite/ruff ty-types-2 tip 1f844143e8).

API shim changes:
- ProjectDatabase::new → ProjectDatabase::fallible; the constructor now
  takes a MisconfigurationStrategy, and `fallible` matches our prior
  error-propagating behavior.
- ClassLiteral gained DynamicTypedDict / DynamicEnum variants; replace
  the per-variant match in supertypes_from_class_literal with the
  uniform ClassLiteral::explicit_bases(db), which already handles them.
- Type gained a Divergent(DivergentType) cycle marker; folded into the
  Other fallback alongside DataclassDecorator / BoundSuper.

New wire-protocol fields on ParameterInfo:
- concatenatePrefix (bool) — set on leading positional params of a
  Concatenate[T1, ..., Tn, P] / Concatenate[T1, ..., Tn, ...] signature.
- paramSpecName (string) — set on the synthesized *args / **kwargs
  entries that stand in for a ParamSpec tail, carrying that ParamSpec's
  name.

Both fields are omitted when absent, so consumers that ignore unknown
fields see no change.

TypedDict.extraItems is noted as a TODO in registry.rs: ty's
inference-side parsing landed in astral-sh/ruff#24362, but the public
accessor on TypedDictType is still unavailable.

* Apply cargo fmt