### What problem does this PR solve?
 go through whole be/ and find all const_cast

Issue Number: #55057 

Problem Summary:
1. remove useless const_cast
2. explain why using const_cast does not result in undefined behavior
3. don't modify some const_cast
    (1) some code in DBUG_EXECUTE_IF or test file
    (2) underlying data structures, such as cow
    (3) const_cast<const T*>


### Release note

None

### Check List (For Author)

- Test <!-- At least one of them must be included. -->
    - [ ] Regression test
    - [ ] Unit Test
    - [ ] Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
    - [x] No need to test or manual test. Explain why:
- [ ] This is a refactor/code format and no logic has been changed.
        - [x] Previous test can cover this change.
        - [ ] No code files have been changed.
        - [ ] Other reason <!-- Add your reason?  -->

- Behavior changed:
    - [x] No.
    - [ ] Yes. <!-- Explain the behavior change -->

- Does this need documentation?
    - [x] No.
- [ ] Yes. <!-- Add document PR link here. eg:
apache/doris-website#1214 -->

### Check List (For Reviewer who merge this PR)

- [ ] Confirm the release note
- [ ] Confirm test cases
- [ ] Confirm document
- [ ] Add branch pick label <!-- Add branch pick label that this PR
should merge into -->