sort should not be removed when order by a + b where a and b are sorted as they can overflow and wrap #23902

# Adding two ASC-ordered unsigned columns is only monotonically increasing while
# the sum does not overflow. `a + b` on UInt8 uses wrapping arithmetic, so the
# last row (255 + 10) wraps to 9 and breaks the ordering. A sort on the sum
# therefore must NOT be optimized away just because both inputs are ASC.
statement ok
set datafusion.execution.target_partitions = 1;

statement ok
CREATE EXTERNAL TABLE ordered_u8 (
  a TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL,
  b TINYINT UNSIGNED NOT NULL
)
STORED AS CSV
LOCATION 'data/uint8_overflow_order.csv'
OPTIONS ('format.has_header' 'true')
WITH ORDER (a ASC)
WITH ORDER (b ASC);

query TT
EXPLAIN SELECT (a + b) AS result FROM ordered_u8 ORDER BY result ASC;
----
logical_plan
01)Sort: result ASC NULLS LAST
02)--Projection: ordered_u8.a + ordered_u8.b AS result
03)----TableScan: ordered_u8 projection=[a, b]
physical_plan DataSourceExec: file_groups={1 group: [[WORKSPACE_ROOT/datafusion/sqllogictest/data/uint8_overflow_order.csv]]}, projection=[a@0 + b@1 as result], file_type=csv, has_header=true

query I
SELECT (a + b) AS result FROM ordered_u8 ORDER BY result ASC;
----
2
5
210
9

statement ok
DROP TABLE ordered_u8;

# The SLT runner sets `target_partitions` to 4 instead of using the default, so
# reset it explicitly.
statement ok
set datafusion.execution.target_partitions = 4;