[C++] Consider separating bundled AWS SDK libraries from Arrow dependencies #55591

Describe the bug, including details regarding any error messages, version, and platform.

Following the discussion in #55319 (comment), see whether introducing ARROW_S3_BUNDLED_STATIC_LIBS and a separate archive arrow_s3_bundled_dependencies makes sense;

• Moving bundled AWS SDK libraries out of arrow_bundled_dependencies and updating CMake/pkg-config metadata, R linking, and packaging.
  Separating S3 dependencies further may reduce possibility of static-link ordering failures.

Component(s)

C++